焊接对大型石油储罐象足屈曲的影响规律
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摘要
为了研究大型石油储罐在地震载荷作用下发生象足屈曲时的临界载荷与理论计算值之间的差异成因,采用数值模拟方法分析大型石油储罐纵环焊缝、焊接次序等因素对象足屈曲临界载荷的影响.提出焊接残余变形可以看作圆柱壳壁上的初始几何缺陷,在一定程度上会减小大型油罐的象足屈曲临界载荷.利用固有应变有限元法建立考虑焊接残余应力及变形的大型油罐象足屈曲准静态计算模型,分析焊缝有无、焊缝类型、焊接残余应力和变形、焊接次序对油罐象足屈曲的影响.结果表明,焊缝的存在都在不同程度上降低了油罐的象足屈曲临界载荷;在相同的固有应变下,油罐象足屈曲临界载荷降低的程度与焊缝的类型有关;焊接残余应力和变形越大,象足屈曲临界载荷越低,焊接次序对油罐的象足屈曲临界载荷影响不大;焊接产生的残余应力及变形的存在使得油罐罐壁发生象足屈曲处的位置有了一定程度的提高.
Influence of longitudinal weld,circumferential weld,and welding sequence on elephant foot buckling critical load of large oil storage tank under earthquake was analyzed using numerical simulation method in order to explore the difference between actual elephant buckling critical load with theory calculated value.Welding residual stress and deformation was proposed to be seen as initial geometrical defect of cylindrical shells,which can decrease elephant foot buckling critical load of large oil tank to some extent.A quasistatic elephant foot buckling model of large oil storage tank was established using inherent strain finite element method,which incorporates effect of welding residual stress and deformation.The effect of with weld or not,weld type,magnitude of welding residual stress and deformation,and welding sequence on elephant foot buckling critical load was analyzed.Weld has a negative effect on elephant foot buckling critical load,the extent to which the elephant foot buckling critical load reduced is depending on the weld type under the same imposed inherent strain;the larger welding residual stress and deformation is,the less elephant foot buckling critical load is;welding sequence has little effect on elephant foot buckling critical load;welding residual stress and deformation affect the buckling location of oil tank to some extent.
Influence of longitudinal weld,circumferential weld,and welding sequence on elephant foot buckling critical load of large oil storage tank under earthquake was analyzed using numerical simulation method in order to explore the difference between actual elephant buckling critical load with theory calculated value.Welding residual stress and deformation was proposed to be seen as initial geometrical defect of cylindrical shells,which can decrease elephant foot buckling critical load of large oil tank to some extent.A quasistatic elephant foot buckling model of large oil storage tank was established using inherent strain finite element method,which incorporates effect of welding residual stress and deformation.The effect of with weld or not,weld type,magnitude of welding residual stress and deformation,and welding sequence on elephant foot buckling critical load was analyzed.Weld has a negative effect on elephant foot buckling critical load,the extent to which the elephant foot buckling critical load reduced is depending on the weld type under the same imposed inherent strain;the larger welding residual stress and deformation is,the less elephant foot buckling critical load is;welding sequence has little effect on elephant foot buckling critical load;welding residual stress and deformation affect the buckling location of oil tank to some extent.
引文
[1]美国地震工程研究会.洛马普里埃塔地震考察[M].中国石油化工总公司抗震办公室,译.北京:地震出版社,1991.
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[8]陈志平,余雏麟,曾明,等.多层不等厚组合圆柱壳屈曲数值模拟分析[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2009,43(9):1679-1683.CHEN Zhi-ping,YU Chu-lin,ZENG Ming,et al.Numerical simulation on buckling of combined unequal-thickness-course cylindrical shell[J].Journal of Zhe-jiang University:Engineering Science,2009,43(9):1679-1683.
[9]ARBOCZ J,HOL J M.Collapse of axially compressedcylindrical shells with random imperfections[J].Jour-nal of American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronau-tics,1991,29(12):2247-2256.
[10]YAMAKI N.Elastic stability of circular cylindricalshells[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier,1984:8.
[11]汪建华,陆皓,魏良武.固有应变有限元法预测焊接变形理论及其应用[J].焊接学报,2002,23(6):36-40.WANG Jian-hua,LU Hao,WEI Liang-wu.Theoryand application of inherent strain method for predictingwelding residual deformation[J].Transactions of theChina Welding Institution,2002,23(6):36-40.
[12]汪建华.焊接数值模拟技术及其应用[M].北京:上海交通大学出版社,2003:94.
[13]郭乙木,陶伟明,庄茁.线性与非线性有限元及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004:273.
[14]宋昌永,吴开成.平底圆柱钢筒仓稳定设计方法比较[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2004,38(8):978-983.SONG Chang-yong,WU Kai-cheng.Evaluation of sta-bility design of flat-bottomed cylindrical steel silos[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2004,38(8):978-983.
[15]沈建明.大型油罐的静强度及动力响应分析[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006:84-86.SHEN Jian-ming.Static strength analysis and dynamicresponse research of large oil storage tank[D].Hang-zhou:Zhejiang University,2006:84-86.
[2]HATAYAMA K.Lessons from the 2003 Tokachi-oki,Japan,earthquake for prediction of long-period strongground motions and sloshing damage to oil storage tanks[J].Journal of Seismology,2008,12:255-263.
[3]CHEN Z P,DUAN Y Y,SHEN J M,et al.A simpli-fied method for calculating the stress of large storagetank wall[J].Proceedings of the IMechE Part E:Jour-nal of Process Mechanical Engineering,2007,221(3):119-127.
[4]陈志平,沈建民,葛颂,等.基于组合圆柱壳理论的大型油罐应力分析[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2006,40(9):1629-1633.CHEN Zhi-ping,SHEN Jian-min,GE Song,et al.Stress analysis of large oil storage tanks based on com-bined cylindrical shell[J].Journal of Zhejiang Universi-ty:Engineering Science,2006,40(9):1629-1633.
[5]HUBNER A,TENG J G,SAAL H.Buckling behaviorof large steel cylinders with patterned welds[J].Inter-national Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping,2006,83:13-26.
[6]HOLST J M F G,ROTTER J M,CALLADINE C R.Imperfections and buckling in cylindrical shells with con-sistent residual stresses[J].Journal of Construct SteelResearch,2000,54(2):265-282.
[7]BERRY P A,ROTTER J.M,BRIDGE R Q.Com-pression tests on cylinders with circumferential weld de-pressions[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2000,126(4):405-413.
[8]陈志平,余雏麟,曾明,等.多层不等厚组合圆柱壳屈曲数值模拟分析[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2009,43(9):1679-1683.CHEN Zhi-ping,YU Chu-lin,ZENG Ming,et al.Numerical simulation on buckling of combined unequal-thickness-course cylindrical shell[J].Journal of Zhe-jiang University:Engineering Science,2009,43(9):1679-1683.
[9]ARBOCZ J,HOL J M.Collapse of axially compressedcylindrical shells with random imperfections[J].Jour-nal of American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronau-tics,1991,29(12):2247-2256.
[10]YAMAKI N.Elastic stability of circular cylindricalshells[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier,1984:8.
[11]汪建华,陆皓,魏良武.固有应变有限元法预测焊接变形理论及其应用[J].焊接学报,2002,23(6):36-40.WANG Jian-hua,LU Hao,WEI Liang-wu.Theoryand application of inherent strain method for predictingwelding residual deformation[J].Transactions of theChina Welding Institution,2002,23(6):36-40.
[12]汪建华.焊接数值模拟技术及其应用[M].北京:上海交通大学出版社,2003:94.
[13]郭乙木,陶伟明,庄茁.线性与非线性有限元及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004:273.
[14]宋昌永,吴开成.平底圆柱钢筒仓稳定设计方法比较[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2004,38(8):978-983.SONG Chang-yong,WU Kai-cheng.Evaluation of sta-bility design of flat-bottomed cylindrical steel silos[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2004,38(8):978-983.
[15]沈建明.大型油罐的静强度及动力响应分析[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006:84-86.SHEN Jian-ming.Static strength analysis and dynamicresponse research of large oil storage tank[D].Hang-zhou:Zhejiang University,2006:84-86.
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