沿空留巷直接顶稳定性突变分析及其控制
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摘要
保持直接顶稳定,降低其突变所引起的危害是沿空留巷顶板控制的关键。基于沿空留巷直接顶力学模型,采用能量平衡分析法,建立直接顶突变的燕尾突变模型。结合某工程实例,阐述沿空留巷直接顶稳定性突变机理,分析巷帮煤体支撑力、巷内支护阻力、充填体支撑力对直接顶稳定性突变的影响。实践表明,增加工作面超前加固范围,巷内支护采用高预应力强力锚杆与锚索等主动支护,巷旁采用膏体充填,能够提高充填体早期强度,延缓直接顶稳定性突变的发生和减轻突变发生的烈度。
It is the key to controlling immediate roof of the gob-side entry retaining that maintaining the stability of immediate roof and reducing the harm arising from mutation.Based upon mechanical model of immediate roof,energy balance analysis method was applied to establish a swallowtail catastrophe model.Based on a certain engineering example,the mutation mechanism of immediate roof was illustrated,and the impacts of support force of coal,roadway-in support resistance and backfill support force on the stability mutation of immediate roof were analyzed.Practice shows that to expand advance reinforcement scope of working face,to use roadway-in initiative supporting of high strength prestressed anchor bolts and roadside paste backfill,and to improve early strength of roadside backfill can delay stability mutation of immediate roof and reduce the intensity of mutation.
It is the key to controlling immediate roof of the gob-side entry retaining that maintaining the stability of immediate roof and reducing the harm arising from mutation.Based upon mechanical model of immediate roof,energy balance analysis method was applied to establish a swallowtail catastrophe model.Based on a certain engineering example,the mutation mechanism of immediate roof was illustrated,and the impacts of support force of coal,roadway-in support resistance and backfill support force on the stability mutation of immediate roof were analyzed.Practice shows that to expand advance reinforcement scope of working face,to use roadway-in initiative supporting of high strength prestressed anchor bolts and roadside paste backfill,and to improve early strength of roadside backfill can delay stability mutation of immediate roof and reduce the intensity of mutation.
引文
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[12]祝云华,刘新荣,黄明,等.深埋隧道开挖围岩失稳突变模型研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(3):805-809.ZHU Yun-hua,LIU Xin-rong,HUANG Ming,et al.Surrounding rock instability based on catastrophe model of deep-bur-ied tunnel excavation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(3):805-809.
[13]姜永东,鲜学福,郭臣业.层状岩质边坡失稳的燕尾突变模型[J].重庆大学学报,2008,31(5):553-557.JIANG Yong-dong,XIAN Xue-fu,GUO Chen-ye.A swallowtail catastrophe model on destabilization of stratified rockslope[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2008,31(5):553-557.
[14]殷有泉,杜静.地震过程的燕尾突变模型[J].地震学报,1994,16(4):416-422.YIN You-quan,DU Jing.Coattail catastrophe of earthquake process[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1994,16(4):416-422.
[2]张国华,蒲文龙,于会君.杏花煤矿沿空留巷顶板破碎原因分析及其防治[J].煤炭科学技术,2006,34(4):4-6.ZHANG Guo-hua,PU Wen-long,YU Hui-jun.Cause analysis on roof broken in mine gateway retained for next sublevel inXinghua mine as well as prevention and control[J].Coal Science and Technology,2006,34(4):4-6.
[3]李化敏.沿空留巷顶板岩层控制设计[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(5):651-654.LI Hua-min.Control design of roof rocks for gob-side entry[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(5):651-654.
[4]张东升,缪协兴,茅献彪.综放沿空留巷顶板活动规律的模拟分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2001,30(3):261-264.ZHANG Dong-sheng,MIAO Xie-xing,MAO Xian-biao.Simulation on roof activities of gob-side entry retaining in fullymechanized top-coal caving faces[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2001,30(3):261-264.
[5]王卫军,侯朝炯,柏建彪,等.综放沿空巷道顶煤受力变形分析[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(2):209-211.WANG Wei-jun,HOU Chao-jiong,BAI Jian-biao,et al.Mechanical deformation analysis of the roof coal of road drivingalong next goaf in sublevel caving face[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(2):209-211.
[6]王作棠,周华强,谢耀社.矿山岩体力学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2007:223-224.WANG Zuo-tang,ZHOU Hua-qiang,XIE Yao-she.Mechanics of Rock Mass for Mines[M].Xuzhou:China University ofMining and Technology Press,2007:223-224.
[7]陈炎光,钱鸣高.中国煤矿采场围岩控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1994:326.CHEN Yan-guang,QIAN Ming-gao.Surrounding Rock Control of the Chinese Coal Mine[M].Xuzhou:China University ofMining and Technology Press,1994:326.
[8]蔡美峰,孔广亚,贾立宏.岩体工程系统失稳的能量突变判断准则及其应用[J].北京科技大学学报,1997,19(4):325-328.CAI Mei-feng,KONG Guang-ya,JIA Li-hong.Energy catastrophe criterion of system instability of rock mass engineeringand its application[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,1997,19(4):325-328.
[9]蒋金泉.采场围岩应力与运动[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1993:247-248.JIANG Jin-quan.Stress and Movment of Surrounding Rockl[M].Beijing:Publishing House of Coal Industry,1993:247-248.
[10]周荣义,黎忠文,牛会永.基于突变理论的油库火灾爆炸分析与模糊动态评价[J].中国安全科学学报.2006,16(6):97-101.ZHOU Rong-yi,LI Zhong-wen.NIU Hui-yong.Analysis of fire and explosion and fuzzy dynamic safety assessment for oildepot based on mutation theory[J].China Safety Science Journal,2006,16(6):97-101.
[11]张钦礼,曹小刚,王艳利,等.基于尖点突变模型的采场顶板-矿柱稳定性分析[J].中国安全科学学报,2011,21(10):52-57.ZHANG Qin-li,CAO Xiao-gang,WANG Yan-li,et al.Stability analysis of stope roof-pillar based on cusp catastrophemodel[J].China Safety Science Journal,2011,21(10):52-57.
[12]祝云华,刘新荣,黄明,等.深埋隧道开挖围岩失稳突变模型研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(3):805-809.ZHU Yun-hua,LIU Xin-rong,HUANG Ming,et al.Surrounding rock instability based on catastrophe model of deep-bur-ied tunnel excavation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(3):805-809.
[13]姜永东,鲜学福,郭臣业.层状岩质边坡失稳的燕尾突变模型[J].重庆大学学报,2008,31(5):553-557.JIANG Yong-dong,XIAN Xue-fu,GUO Chen-ye.A swallowtail catastrophe model on destabilization of stratified rockslope[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2008,31(5):553-557.
[14]殷有泉,杜静.地震过程的燕尾突变模型[J].地震学报,1994,16(4):416-422.YIN You-quan,DU Jing.Coattail catastrophe of earthquake process[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1994,16(4):416-422.
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