汶川地震触发牛圈沟高速远程滑坡-碎屑流动力学特性分析
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摘要
鉴于牛圈沟滑坡为地震触发的典型滑动-碎屑流型滑坡,采用滑坡动力学分析(Dynamic analysis)软件DAN-W对牛圈沟滑坡全程动力学特征进行分析,使用试错法对比分析摩擦准则与Voellmy准则两种不同流变关系的模拟效果.结果表明:摩擦准则应用于滑体的初始运动阶段,Voellmy准则应用于滑坡后期碎屑流阶段时模拟效果最佳;并给出最佳的流变参数,得到滑坡堆积体的体积和形态变化,滑坡运动速度及变化规律.
Niujuangou rockslide-debris avalanche is known as a typical rockslide-debris avalanche,which was triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake.Superposed earthquake effects came from horizontal and vertical directions made initial rock mass throw out and move rapidly,after experiencing several strikes,rock mass almost fragment,and sliding mass move like debris avalanche in Niujuangou creek.A dynamic model DAN was used to back analysis of this event.Both Friction rule and Voellmy rule were modeled and compared.The results show that it would be best to adopt Friction rule in the proximal path and Veollmy rule in the distal path.And most suitable parameters,volume and profile of deposition,velocity of sliding mass were obtained.
Niujuangou rockslide-debris avalanche is known as a typical rockslide-debris avalanche,which was triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake.Superposed earthquake effects came from horizontal and vertical directions made initial rock mass throw out and move rapidly,after experiencing several strikes,rock mass almost fragment,and sliding mass move like debris avalanche in Niujuangou creek.A dynamic model DAN was used to back analysis of this event.Both Friction rule and Voellmy rule were modeled and compared.The results show that it would be best to adopt Friction rule in the proximal path and Veollmy rule in the distal path.And most suitable parameters,volume and profile of deposition,velocity of sliding mass were obtained.
引文
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[16]Oldrich H.Simplified models of spreading flow of drygranular material[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2008,45(8):1156-1168.
[17]Mika M K,Oldrich H,Scott M D.Dynamic analysesof Canadian landslides[C]∥Locat J,Perret D,Tur-mel D,et al.Proceedings of the Fourth Canadian Con-ference on Geohazards:From Causes to Management.Québec:Presse de l’UniversitéLaval,2008:203-209.
[18]ZHANG Ming,YIN Yue-ping,WU Shu-ren,et al.Dynamics of the Niumiangou Creek rock avalanchetriggered by 2008Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake,Si-chuan,China[J].Landslides,2011(8):363-371.
[2]YIN Yue-ping,ZHENG Wan-mo,LI Xiao-chun,etal.Catastrophic landslides associated with the M8.0Wenchuan earthquake[J].Bulletin of EngineeringGeology and the Environment,2011,70(1):15-32.
[3]黄润秋,唐川,李勇,等.汶川地震地质灾害研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[4]DAI Fu-chu,TU Xin-bin,XU Chong,et al.Rockavalanches triggered by oblique-thrusting during the12 May 2008 Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake,China[J].Geomorphology,2011,132(3-4):300-318.
[5]许强,董秀军.汶川地震大型滑坡成因模式[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2011,36(6):1134-1142.XU Qiang,DONG Xiu-jun.Genetic types of large-scale landslides induced by Wenchuan earthquake[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Ge-oscience,2011,36(6):1134-1142.
[6]吴树仁,王涛,石玲,等.2008汶川大地震极端滑坡事件初步研究[J].工程地质学报,2010,18(2):145-159.WU Shu-ren,WANG Tao,SHI Ling,et al.Studyon catastrophic landslides triggered by 2008 greatWenchuan earthquake,Sichuan,China[J].Journalof Engineering Geology,2010,18(2):145-159.
[7]HUANG Run-qiu,XU Qiang,HUO Jun-jie.Mecha-nism and geo-mechanics models of landslides triggeredby 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal ofMountain Science,2011,8(2):200-210.
[8]LI Xin-po,HE Si-ming,LUO Yu,et al.Simulationof the sliding process of Donghekou landslide trig-gered by the Wenchuan earthquake using a distinct el-ement method[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2012,65(4):1049-1054.
[9]SUN Ping,ZHANG Yong-shuang,SHI Ju-song,etal.Analysis on the dynamical process of Donghekourockslide-debris flow triggered by 5.12 Wenchuanearthquake[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2011,8(2):140-148.
[10]魏欣,胡瑞林,李丽慧,等.强震条件下高速滑坡的空间分布特征研究[J].工程地质学报,2010,18(4):490-497.WEI Xin,HU Rui-lin,LI Li-hui,et al.Study ondistribution and spatial characteristics of high speedlandslides under strong earthquakes[J].Journal ofEngineering Geology,2010,18(4):490-496.
[11]胡卸文,黄润秋,施裕兵,等.唐家山滑坡堵江机制及堰塞坝溃坝模式分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(1):181-189.HU Xie-wen,HUANG Run-qiu,SHI Yu-bing,etal.Analysis of blocking river mechanism of Tangjias-han landslide and dam-breaking mode of its barrierdam[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and En-gineering,2009,28(1):181-189.
[12]王运生,徐鸿彪,罗永红,等.地震高位滑坡形成条件及抛射运动程式研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(11):2360-2368.WANG Yun-sheng,XU Hong-biao,LUO Yong-hong,et al.Study of formation conditions and tossmotion program of high landslides induced by earth-quake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and En-gineering,2009,28(11):2360-2368.
[13]孔纪名,崔云,田述军,等.地震碎屑滑动型滑坡发育特点及典型实例分析[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2009,41(3):119-124.KONG Ji-ming,CUI Yun,TIAN Shu-jun,et al.Typical case study on the development characteristicsof fragmentation-sliding seismic landslide[J].Journalof Sichuan University:Engineering Science Edition,2009,41(3):119-124.
[14]Oldrich H.A model for the runout analysis of rapidflow slides,debris flows,and avalanches[J].Cana-dian Geotechnical Journal,1995,32:610-623.
[15]殷跃平.汶川八级地震滑坡高速远程特征分析[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(2):153-166.YIN Yue-ping.Rapid and long run-out features oflandslides triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2009,17(2):153-166.
[16]Oldrich H.Simplified models of spreading flow of drygranular material[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2008,45(8):1156-1168.
[17]Mika M K,Oldrich H,Scott M D.Dynamic analysesof Canadian landslides[C]∥Locat J,Perret D,Tur-mel D,et al.Proceedings of the Fourth Canadian Con-ference on Geohazards:From Causes to Management.Québec:Presse de l’UniversitéLaval,2008:203-209.
[18]ZHANG Ming,YIN Yue-ping,WU Shu-ren,et al.Dynamics of the Niumiangou Creek rock avalanchetriggered by 2008Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake,Si-chuan,China[J].Landslides,2011(8):363-371.
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