单轴压缩下高温后砂岩的声发射特征
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摘要
通过在单轴压缩下实施的声发射测试,研究焦作砂岩受20～1 200℃温度作用后的声发射演变过程;结合不同温度下砂岩的力学性质,通过声发射参数分析研究砂岩在不同受力阶段的声发射特点。研究表明:400℃以内温度对砂岩的声发射影响不太明显,在100℃后和600℃后声发射振铃累计数均发生急剧变化,100℃是砂岩裂纹扩展发育的门槛值,600℃后砂岩内部结构成分发生了变化,声发射现象较为明显。600～1 200℃时,砂岩呈现出明显的脆塑性转变现象,高温导致声发射信号的时间有所推迟,声发射信号增长率不断上升。1 200℃后,砂岩释放密集的声发射信号,呈现出塑性破坏特征。
The acoustic emission evolution process of Jiaozuo sandstone with 20 ℃-1 200 ℃ temperatures is studied using acoustic emission(AE) test under uniaxial compression.By analyzing AE parameters and the mechanical properties of sandstone after high temperature,the AE characteristics of sandstone under different temperatures and different loading stages are explored.The results show that temperature has little effect on the acoustic emission of sandstone when temperature is less than 400 ℃.The AE ring-down accumulation counts change rapidly both at about 100 ℃ and 600 ℃ temperatures.It is shown that 100 ℃ is the threshold of crack growth for sandstone;and the internal structure composition of sandstone changes after 600 ℃;and acoustic emission phenomenon is very obvious.From 600 ℃ to 1 200 ℃,obvious brittle-plastic transition appears in sandstone.At the same time,the emergence of acoustic emission signals is delayed and the growth rate of acoustic emission signals rises because of high temperature.Sandstone releases intensive acoustic emission signals and presents plastic failure characteristics after 1 200 ℃.
The acoustic emission evolution process of Jiaozuo sandstone with 20 ℃-1 200 ℃ temperatures is studied using acoustic emission(AE) test under uniaxial compression.By analyzing AE parameters and the mechanical properties of sandstone after high temperature,the AE characteristics of sandstone under different temperatures and different loading stages are explored.The results show that temperature has little effect on the acoustic emission of sandstone when temperature is less than 400 ℃.The AE ring-down accumulation counts change rapidly both at about 100 ℃ and 600 ℃ temperatures.It is shown that 100 ℃ is the threshold of crack growth for sandstone;and the internal structure composition of sandstone changes after 600 ℃;and acoustic emission phenomenon is very obvious.From 600 ℃ to 1 200 ℃,obvious brittle-plastic transition appears in sandstone.At the same time,the emergence of acoustic emission signals is delayed and the growth rate of acoustic emission signals rises because of high temperature.Sandstone releases intensive acoustic emission signals and presents plastic failure characteristics after 1 200 ℃.
引文
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[19]周小平,刘庆义.岩石声发射混沌特征分析[J].岩土力学,2010,31(3):815-820.ZHOU Xiao-ping,LIU Qing-yi.Research on chaoticcharacteristics of rock acoustic emission[J].Rock andSoil Mechanics,2010,31(3):815-820.
[20]吴刚,邢爱国,张磊.砂岩高温后的力学特征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(10):2110-2116.WU Gang,XING Ai-guo,ZHANG Lei.Mechanicalcharacteristics of sandstone after high temperature[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(10):2110-2116.
[21]赵恩来,王恩元.岩土破坏过程声发射特征的实验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2006,26(3):316-320.ZHAO En-lai,WANG En-yuan.Experimental study onacoustic emission characteristics of rock and soil in thefailure process[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention andMitigation Engineering,2006,26(3):316-320.
[2]陈颙.声发射技术在岩石力学研究中的应用[J].地球物理学报,1977,20(4):312-322.CHEN Yong.Application of acoustic emission techniquesto rock mechanics research[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,1977,20(4):312-322.
[3]唐春安,徐小荷.缺陷的演化繁衍与Kaiser效应函数[J].地震研究,1990,13(2):203-213.TANG Chun-an,XU Xiao-he.Evolution and propagationof material defects and Kaiser effect function[J].Journalof Seismological Research,1990,13(2):203-213.
[4]秦四清,李造鼎,张倬元,等.岩石声发射技术概论[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1993.
[5]RUDAJEV V,VILHELM J,LOKAJICEK T.Laboratorystudies of acoustic emission prior to uniaxial compressiverock failure[J].International Journal of RockMechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(4):699-704.
[6]吴刚,赵震洋.不同应力状态下岩石类材料破坏的声发射特性[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(2):82-85.WU Gang,ZHAO Zhen-yang.Acoustic emissioncharacter of rock materials failure during various stressstates[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1998,20(2):82-85.
[7]唐春安,刘红元,秦四清,等.非均匀性对岩石介质中裂纹扩展模式的影响[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(1):116-121.TANG Chun-an,LIU Hong-yuan,QIN Si-qing,et al.Influence of heterogeneity on crack propagation modes inbrittle rock[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2000,43(1):116-121.
[8]蒋海昆,张流,周永胜.地壳不同深度温压条件下花岗岩变形破坏及声发射时序特征[J].地震学报,2000,22(4):395-403.JIANG Hai-kun,ZHANG Liu,ZHOU Yong-sheng.Granite deformation and behavior of acoustic emissionsequence under the temperature and pressure condition indifferent crust depths[J].Acta Seismological Sinica,2000,22(4):395-403.
[9]李庶林,尹贤刚,王泳嘉,等.单轴受压岩石破坏全过程声发射特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2499-2503.LI Shu-lin,YIN Xian-gang,WANG Yong-jia.Studies onacoustic emission characteristics of uniaxial compressiverock failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Engineering,2004,23(15):2499-2503.
[10]尹贤刚,李庶林,唐海燕.岩石破坏声发射强度分形特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(19):3512-3516.YIN Xian-gang,LI Shu-lin,TANG Hai-yan.Study ofstrength fractal features of acoustic emission in process ofrock failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Engineering,2005,24(19):3512-3516.
[11]李俊平,余志雄,周创兵,等.水力耦合下岩石的声发射特征试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(3):492-498.LI Jun-ping,YU Zhi-xiong,ZHOU Chuang-bing,et al.Experimental study of acoustic emission characteristics ofrock concerning hydro mechanical coupling[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(3):492-498.
[12]张渊,曲方,赵阳升.岩石热破裂的声发射现象[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(1):73-75.ZHANG Yuan,QU Fang,ZHAO Yang-sheng.Acousticemission phenomena of thermal cracking of sandstone[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(1):73-75.
[13]CAI M,MORIOKA H,TASAKA Y,et al.Back-analysisof rock mass strength parameters using AE monitoringdata[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics andMining Sciences,2007,44(4):538-549.
[14]GANNE P,VERVOORT A,WEVESS M.Quantificationof pre-peak brittle damage:Correlation between acousticemission and observed micro-fracturing[J].InternationalJournal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2007,44(5):720-729.
[15]赵兴东,李元辉,袁瑞甫,等.基于声发射定位的岩石裂纹动态演化过程研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(5):944-950.ZHAO Xing-dong,LI Yuan-hui,YUAN Rui-fu,et al.Study on dynamic evolution process of rock based on AElocation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2007,26(5):944-950.
[16]赵奎,王更峰,王晓军,等.岩石声发射Kaiser点信号频带能量分布和分形特征研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(11):3082-3088.ZHAO Kui,WAHG Geng-feng,WANG Xiao-jun,et al.Research on energy distributions and fractal characteristicsof Kaiser signal of acoustic emission in rock[J].Rock andSoil Mechanics,2008,29(11):3082-3088.
[17]武晋文,赵阳升,万志军,等.中高温三轴应力下鲁灰花岗岩热破裂声发射特征的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(11):3331-3336.WU Jin-wen,ZHAO Yang-sheng,WAN Zhi-jun,et al.Experimental study of acoustic emission characteristics ofgranite thermal cracking under middle-high temperatureand triaxial stress[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(11):3331-3336.
[18]HE M C,MIAO J L,FENG J L.Rock burst process oflimestone and its acoustic emission characteristics undertrue-triaxial unloading conditions[J].InternationalJournal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2010,47(2):286-298.
[19]周小平,刘庆义.岩石声发射混沌特征分析[J].岩土力学,2010,31(3):815-820.ZHOU Xiao-ping,LIU Qing-yi.Research on chaoticcharacteristics of rock acoustic emission[J].Rock andSoil Mechanics,2010,31(3):815-820.
[20]吴刚,邢爱国,张磊.砂岩高温后的力学特征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(10):2110-2116.WU Gang,XING Ai-guo,ZHANG Lei.Mechanicalcharacteristics of sandstone after high temperature[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(10):2110-2116.
[21]赵恩来,王恩元.岩土破坏过程声发射特征的实验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2006,26(3):316-320.ZHAO En-lai,WANG En-yuan.Experimental study onacoustic emission characteristics of rock and soil in thefailure process[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention andMitigation Engineering,2006,26(3):316-320.
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