等幅循环加载与分级循环加载下砂岩声发射Felicity效应试验研究
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摘要
利用MTS815材料试验机和12 CHs PCI-2声发射信号采集系统,对砂岩在等幅循环加载和分级循环加载条件下损伤破坏全过程的声发射规律进行了研究,探讨了Kaiser效应与Felicity效应,以及Felicity效应声发射中"明显增多"的尺度界定问题。试验结果显示:砂岩在试验中的Kai-ser效应显著,但有一定的局限性;当加载达到或超过其峰值强度的70%后,砂岩应力记忆特性中Felicity效应表现显著,Felicity比的演化显示出3个阶段特征,且总体呈下降的趋势;只要声发射"明显增多"的尺度范围设定合理,则对Felicity比的演化趋势没有影响。
By using MTS815 equipment and 12 CHs PCI-2 acoustic emission acquisition system,the acoustic emission(AE) characteristics of rock under tiered cyclic loading and cyclic loading during complete failure process under uniaxial compression were studied,and the Kaiser effect and the Felicity effect and the standard of acoustic emission increasing obviously on Felicity effect were discussed.The results show that:the existence of Kaiser effect is valid,but it is bound and the upper limit of stress level under which Kaiser effect exists is 70% of the peak stress;after that,memory characteristic of rock stress shows obvious Felicity effect;the Felicity ratio presents distinct characteristics of 3 stages and decreases in general;there is no impact on the evolutionary trend of Felicity ratio as long as the standard of obvious acoustic emission falls in a appropriate range.
By using MTS815 equipment and 12 CHs PCI-2 acoustic emission acquisition system,the acoustic emission(AE) characteristics of rock under tiered cyclic loading and cyclic loading during complete failure process under uniaxial compression were studied,and the Kaiser effect and the Felicity effect and the standard of acoustic emission increasing obviously on Felicity effect were discussed.The results show that:the existence of Kaiser effect is valid,but it is bound and the upper limit of stress level under which Kaiser effect exists is 70% of the peak stress;after that,memory characteristic of rock stress shows obvious Felicity effect;the Felicity ratio presents distinct characteristics of 3 stages and decreases in general;there is no impact on the evolutionary trend of Felicity ratio as long as the standard of obvious acoustic emission falls in a appropriate range.
引文
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[11]李楠,王恩元,赵恩来,等.岩石循环加载和分级加载损伤破坏声发射实验研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(7):1099-1103.Li Nan,Wang Enyuan,Zhao Enlai,et al.Experiment on acousticemission of rock damage and fracture under cyclic loading andmulti-stage loading[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(7):1099-1103.
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[15]张晖辉,颜玉定,余怀忠,等.循环载荷下大试件岩石破坏声发射实验——岩石破坏前兆的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21):3621-3628.Zhang Huihui,Yan Yuding,Yu Huaizhong,et al.Acoustic emissionexperimental research on large-scaled rock failure under cyclingload—fracture precursor of rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2004,23(21):3621-3628.
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[17]邹银辉.煤岩声发射机理初探[J].矿业安全与环保,2004,31(1):31-33.Zou Yinhui.Preliminary study on coal and rock acoustic emissionmechanism and relevant experiments[J].Mining Safety&Environ-ment Protection,2004,31(1):31-33.
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[19]唐晓军.循环载荷作用下岩石损伤演化规律研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2008.
[20]许江,李树春,唐晓军,等.基于声发射的岩石疲劳损伤演化[J].北京科技大学学报,2009,31(1):19-23.Xu Jiang,Li Shuchun,Tang Xiaojun,et al.Rock fatigue damageevolution based on acoustic emission[J].Journal of University ofScience and Technology Beijing,2009,31(1):19-23.
[21]蒋宇,葛修润,任建喜.岩石疲劳破坏过程中的变形规律及声发射特性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(11):1810-1814.Jiang Yu,Ge Xiurun,Ren Jianxi.Deformation rules and acousticemission characteristics of rocks in process of fatigue failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(11):1810-1814.
[22]欧进萍,林燕清.混凝土高周疲劳损伤的性能劣化试验研究[J].土木工程学报,1999,32(5):15-22.Ou Jinping,Lin Yanqing.Experimental study on performance deg-radation of plain concrete due to high-cycle fatigue damage[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1999,32(5):15-22.
[2]Kaiser E J.A study of acoustic phenomena in tensile test[D].Bay-ern:Technische Hochschule München,1953.
[3]Goodman R E.Sub audible noise during compression of rock[J].Geo.Soc.Am.Bull.,1963,74:487-490.
[4]秦跃平,孙文标,王磊.岩石损伤力学模型分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(5):702-705.Qin Yueping,Sun Wenbiao,Wang Lei.Analysis on damage mechan-ics model of rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engi-neering,2003,22(5):702-705.
[5]蔡美峰,来兴平.复合坚硬岩石巷道塌陷段监控的研究与应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(3):391-394.Cai Meifeng,Lai Xingping.Study and application of monitoring forsubsiding area in a composite hard rock roadway[J].Chinese Jour-nal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(3):391-394.
[6]赵向东,陈波,姜福兴.微地震工程应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(S2):2609-2612.Zhao Xiangdong,Chen Bo,Jiang Fuxing.Study of micro-seismic en-gineering applications[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2002,21(S2):2609-2612.
[7]许迎年,徐文胜,王元汉,等.岩爆模拟试验及岩爆机理研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(10):1462-1466.Xu Yingnian,Xu Wensheng,Wang Yuanhan,et al.Simulation tes-ting and mechanism studies on rockburst[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(10):1462-1466.
[8]周小平,张永兴.大厂铜坑矿细脉带岩石结构面直剪实验中声发射特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(5):724-727.Zhou Xiaoping,Zhang Yongxing.Study on the property of acousticemission straight shearing test of rock joint in Dachang TongkengMine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(5):724-727.
[9]Lockner D A,Byerlee J D,Kuksenko V,et al.Quasi-static faultgrowth and shear fracture energy in granite[J].Nature,1991,350(7):39-42.
[10]Lockner D A.The role of emission in the study of rock failure[J].Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.&Geomech.Abstr.,1993,30(7):883-899.
[11]李楠,王恩元,赵恩来,等.岩石循环加载和分级加载损伤破坏声发射实验研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(7):1099-1103.Li Nan,Wang Enyuan,Zhao Enlai,et al.Experiment on acousticemission of rock damage and fracture under cyclic loading andmulti-stage loading[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(7):1099-1103.
[12]王宏图,鲜学福,尹光志.声发射凯塞尔效应岩体地应力测试的研究[J].煤炭学报,1997,22(5):38-41.Wang Hongtu,Xian Xuefu,Yin Guangzhi.Study on crustal stressmeasurement of rock mass by the Kaiser effect of acoustic emissionin rock[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1997,22(5):38-41.
[13]樊运晓.岩石单轴压缩试验Kaiser效应实质的研究[J].现代地质,2000,14(1):95-99.Fan Yunxiao.Nature of Kaiser effect of rocks under uniaxial cyclicloading[J].Geoscience,2000,14(1):95-99.
[14]樊运晓.单轴压缩试验下裂纹闭合阶段岩石Kaiser效应的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(6):793-796.Fan Yunxiao.Research on Kaiser effect during closing period ofrock cracks under uniaxial loading[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2001,20(6):793-796.
[15]张晖辉,颜玉定,余怀忠,等.循环载荷下大试件岩石破坏声发射实验——岩石破坏前兆的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21):3621-3628.Zhang Huihui,Yan Yuding,Yu Huaizhong,et al.Acoustic emissionexperimental research on large-scaled rock failure under cyclingload—fracture precursor of rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2004,23(21):3621-3628.
[16]陈颙,于小红,戴恒昌,等.加载历史对岩石声发射的影响——关于水库地震机理的讨论[J].地震地磁观测与研究,1985(1):1-7.Chen Yu,Yu Xiaohong,Dai Hengchang,et al.The effect of loadinghistory on the acoustic emission in rocks[J].Seismological andGeomagnetic Observation and Research,1985(1):1-7.
[17]邹银辉.煤岩声发射机理初探[J].矿业安全与环保,2004,31(1):31-33.Zou Yinhui.Preliminary study on coal and rock acoustic emissionmechanism and relevant experiments[J].Mining Safety&Environ-ment Protection,2004,31(1):31-33.
[18]长江水利委员会长江科学院.水利水电工程岩石试验规程SL264—2001[S].北京:水利电力出版社,2001.
[19]唐晓军.循环载荷作用下岩石损伤演化规律研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2008.
[20]许江,李树春,唐晓军,等.基于声发射的岩石疲劳损伤演化[J].北京科技大学学报,2009,31(1):19-23.Xu Jiang,Li Shuchun,Tang Xiaojun,et al.Rock fatigue damageevolution based on acoustic emission[J].Journal of University ofScience and Technology Beijing,2009,31(1):19-23.
[21]蒋宇,葛修润,任建喜.岩石疲劳破坏过程中的变形规律及声发射特性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(11):1810-1814.Jiang Yu,Ge Xiurun,Ren Jianxi.Deformation rules and acousticemission characteristics of rocks in process of fatigue failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(11):1810-1814.
[22]欧进萍,林燕清.混凝土高周疲劳损伤的性能劣化试验研究[J].土木工程学报,1999,32(5):15-22.Ou Jinping,Lin Yanqing.Experimental study on performance deg-radation of plain concrete due to high-cycle fatigue damage[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1999,32(5):15-22.
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