露天转地下开采边坡滑动面标定的新思路
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摘要
结合露天转地下开采边坡的工程特点、现有的高陡岩质边坡的微震监测结果及滑坡实例的分析,指出:对露天转地下开采边坡稳定性的研究,如果只进行单一的数值计算分析,其模型及参数的可靠性和适用性缺乏实际物理反馈信息的验证;如果只进行单一的损伤定位的微震监测,则对于损伤形成机理分析缺乏理论依据且无法给出边坡的实时安全系数。认为建立以微震物理信息为基础、以微震源能量-岩体损伤表征关系为纽带、微震监测-数值分析相结合的滑动面时空基准标定方法,是开展露天转地下开采边坡稳定性研究的可尝试新思路。
The characteristics related to rock slopes in the transition from open pit to underground mining are reviewed.Based on the microseismic monitoring results and correlated case study,it is pointed that it lacks of reliability and verification to only conduct numerical simulation on the slope stability in the transition from open pit to underground mining,as well as it cannot provide a reasonable explain for the damage evolution and corresponding safety factors.It is proposed that the prediction and calibration of slopes in the transition from open pit to underground mining should combine the numerical analysis and microseismic monitoring based on the relationship between rock damage and physical data of acoustic emissions.
The characteristics related to rock slopes in the transition from open pit to underground mining are reviewed.Based on the microseismic monitoring results and correlated case study,it is pointed that it lacks of reliability and verification to only conduct numerical simulation on the slope stability in the transition from open pit to underground mining,as well as it cannot provide a reasonable explain for the damage evolution and corresponding safety factors.It is proposed that the prediction and calibration of slopes in the transition from open pit to underground mining should combine the numerical analysis and microseismic monitoring based on the relationship between rock damage and physical data of acoustic emissions.
引文
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[29]李庶林,伊贤刚,郑文达等.凡口铅锌矿多通道微震监测系统及其应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(12):2048-2053.
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[37]胡伟,李庶林.岩质边坡稳定性分析中的AE技术研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2002,22(3):9-11.
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[39]徐奴文,唐春安,沙椿.锦屏一级水电站左岸边坡微震监测系统及其工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(5):916-921.
[40]N.W.Xu,C.A.Tang,L.C.Li,Z.Zhou.Micro-seismic monitoring and stability analysis of the left bankslope in Jinping first stage hydropower station in southwest-ern China[J].Int.J.of Rock Mach.Min.Sci.doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2011(6):9.
[41]Ohtsu,M.,Watanabe,H.Quantitative damage estimationof concrete by acoustic emission[J].Construction andBuilding Materials,2001(15):217-224.
[42]Landis,E.N.Micro-macro fracture relationships and a-coustic emissions in concrete[J].Construction and BuildingMaterials,1999(13):65-72.
[43]Cai,M.,Morioka,H.,Kaiser,P.K.Back-analysis ofrock mass strength parameters using AE monitoring data[J].Int.J.of Rock Mach.Min.Sci.,2007(44):538-549.
[44]张晓欣.美国科学基金委蓝带工作组报告:基于仿真的工程科学[J].高性能计算发展与应用,2007,18(1):4-12.
[45]夏蒙棼,韩闻生,柯孚久,等.统计细观损伤力学和损伤演化诱致突变[J].力学进展,1995,25(1):1-23.
[2]王运敏,张钦礼,章林.露天转地下开采平稳过渡关键技术研究展望[J].金属矿山,2007(8):114-117.
[3]朱殿柱,张子刚.中国铁矿露天转地下开采灾害预警信息化研究[J].矿业工程,2002,22(2):10-13.
[4]孙世国,杨素珍,秦四清.矿山复合开采边坡岩体变形规律[M].北京:地震出版社,2000.
[5]K.Woo&E.Eberhardt,A.van As.Characterization andempirical analysis of block caving induced surface subsidenceand macro deformations[J],ROCKENG09:Proceedingsof the 3rd CANUS Rock Mechanics Symposium,Toronto,2009.
[6]孟桂芳.国内外露天转地下开采的发展现状[J].化工矿物与加工,2009(4):33-34.
[7]SAINSBURY,B.,PIERCE,M.and MAS IVARS,D.(2009),“Simulation of rock mass strength anisotropy andscale effects using a Ubiquitous Joint Rock Mass model”,Proceedings First International FLAC/DEM Symposium onNumerical Modelling,25-27August,Minneapolis,USA,Minneapolis,Itasca.
[8]Alexander Vyazmensky,D.Stead,D.Elmo,A.Moss.Numerical Analysis of Block Caving-Induced Instability inLarge Open Pit Slopes:A Finite Element/Discrete ElementApproach[J].Rock Mech Rock Eng,2010(43):21-39.
[9]柳自强,沈钢.白银折腰山铜矿露天转地下开采地压研究[J].矿业研究与开发,1990,10(1):21-28.
[10]刘辉,陈文胜,冯夏庭.大冶铁矿露天转地下开采的离散元数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2004,25(9):1413-1417.
[11]任高峰,张世雄,彭涛.大冶铁矿东露天转地下开采数值模拟研究[J].化工矿物与加工,2006,2:20-23.
[12]韩放,谢芳,王金安.露天转地下开采岩体稳定性三维数值模拟[J].北京科技大学学报,2006,28(6):509-514.
[13]宋卫东,王佐成,宫东峰.紫木凼金矿露天转地下开采边坡稳定性数值模拟研究[J].黄金,2008,29(11):20-24.
[14]李扬,周传波.露天转地下崩落法开采对高陡边坡影响的数值模拟[J].金属矿山,2007(8):123-126.
[15]许文飞,陈启元,露天转地下开采边坡岩体滑移规律研究[J].矿业快报,2008(9):59-61.
[16]付玉华,董陇军.数值分析法确定露转坑岩层移动范围[J].科技导报,2010,28(4):74-79.
[17]赵丽娜.高陡山区露天转地下开采边坡稳定性研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2008.
[18]王来贵,王振伟.井采影响下边坡岩体变形破坏规律研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2009,29(2):13-16.
[19]宋卫东,杜建华,杨幸才.深凹露天转地下开采高陡边坡变形与破坏规律[J].北京科技大学学报,2010,32(2):145-151.
[20]吴永博,高谦.露天转地下开采高边坡变形监测与稳定性预测[J].矿业研究与开发,2009,29(1):52-55.
[21]甘德清,李占金,韩现民,等.石人沟铁矿露天转地下过渡期采场参数及边坡稳定性研究[J].金属矿山,2007(8):130-134.
[22]任奋华,杨志军.滑动带稳定系数的敏感性影响规律的研究[J].金属矿山,2009(5):155-157.
[23]李长洪,王云飞,蔡美峰,等.基于支持向量机的露天转地下开采边坡变形模型[J].北京科技大学学报,2009,31(8):945-950.
[24]王云飞,郑晓娟.露天转地下边坡变形υ-SVR模型及参数敏感性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010(29):2902-2907.
[25]王家臣.边坡工程随机分析原理[M].北京:煤炭科学出版社,1996.
[26]冯夏庭,周辉,李邵军,等.复杂条件下岩石工程安全性的智能分析评估和时空预测系统[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(9):1741-1756.
[27]何娇云.矿山采动灾害监测及控制技术研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2007.
[28]Young,R.P.,Martin,C.D.Potential role of acoustic e-mission/microseismicity investigations in the site character-ization and performance monitoring of nuclear waste reposi-tories[J].Int.J.of Rock Mach.Min.Sci.,1993,30(7):797-803.
[29]李庶林,伊贤刚,郑文达等.凡口铅锌矿多通道微震监测系统及其应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(12):2048-2053.
[30]姜福兴,XUN Luo.微震监测技术在矿井岩层破裂监测中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(2):147-149.
[31]张银平.岩体声发射与微震监测定位技术及其应用[J].工程爆破,2002,8(1):58-61.
[32]曹安业,窦林名,秦玉红,等.高应力区微震监测信号特征分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2007,24(2):146-149.
[33]杨国春,徐兵.应用声发射技术预测采场稳定性[J].铜业工程,2004(3):14-18.
[34]唐礼忠,XIA KW,李夕兵.矿山地震活动多重分形特性与地震活动性预测[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(9):1 818-1 824.
[35]严明,苗放,王士天,等.岩体声发射监测在马步坎高边坡岩体稳定研究中的应用[J].地质灾害与环境保护,1998,9(1):29-33.
[36]李金河,玉国进.永久船闸边坡稳定性声发射监测[J].岩土力学,2001,22(2):478-480.
[37]胡伟,李庶林.岩质边坡稳定性分析中的AE技术研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2002,22(3):9-11.
[38]杨远清,侯克鹏.声发射技术在某露天矿边坡稳定性监测中的运用[J].矿业快报,2008(11):102-104.
[39]徐奴文,唐春安,沙椿.锦屏一级水电站左岸边坡微震监测系统及其工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(5):916-921.
[40]N.W.Xu,C.A.Tang,L.C.Li,Z.Zhou.Micro-seismic monitoring and stability analysis of the left bankslope in Jinping first stage hydropower station in southwest-ern China[J].Int.J.of Rock Mach.Min.Sci.doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2011(6):9.
[41]Ohtsu,M.,Watanabe,H.Quantitative damage estimationof concrete by acoustic emission[J].Construction andBuilding Materials,2001(15):217-224.
[42]Landis,E.N.Micro-macro fracture relationships and a-coustic emissions in concrete[J].Construction and BuildingMaterials,1999(13):65-72.
[43]Cai,M.,Morioka,H.,Kaiser,P.K.Back-analysis ofrock mass strength parameters using AE monitoring data[J].Int.J.of Rock Mach.Min.Sci.,2007(44):538-549.
[44]张晓欣.美国科学基金委蓝带工作组报告:基于仿真的工程科学[J].高性能计算发展与应用,2007,18(1):4-12.
[45]夏蒙棼,韩闻生,柯孚久,等.统计细观损伤力学和损伤演化诱致突变[J].力学进展,1995,25(1):1-23.
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