砖混教室窗间墙不同构造条件下的破坏特点和抗震性能分析
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摘要
为了研究砖混教学楼窗间墙中构造柱的截面尺寸和配筋对纵向窗间墙破坏特点和抗震性能的影响,设计了5片缩尺纵墙试件,并通过低周反复加载试验对配置不同尺寸和配筋构造柱的墙体试件的破坏破坏形态、滞回特性、变形能力、刚度退化等进行了分析.结果表明,中柱的截面大小和配筋不改变墙体的破坏形态,各墙体试件均发生剪切破坏,按照规范要求设置构造柱的墙体试件表现出较好的抗震性能,构造柱与砖砌体具有较好的协同工作性能,适当增大构造柱截面尺寸能够显著改善墙体的延性耗能性能、变形能力,主裂缝宽度明显减小;增大中柱的配筋率使其成为RC柱时,尽管墙体试件抗侧刚度和承载力得到提高,但墙体的耗能能力和变形能力均出现降低,中柱与砖墙体的协同工作性能明显变差.因此,适当增大构造柱尺寸对于进一步提高砖混教学楼窗间墙的抗震和抗倒塌能力是有利的.
Five reduced-scale wall specimens were designed in order to investigate the influence of section size and reinforcement ratio of middle column on the failure characteristic and seismic performance of longitudinal wall between windows of brick-concrete school buildings.The failure characteristics,hysteretic behavior,deformability and stiffness degradation of each wall specimen were analyzed respectively.The results indicate that all specimens with different middle columns are characterized by shear failure.The specimen designed in accordance with the current code for seismic design generally exhibits good seismic performance where the structural column works well with brick masonry.Increasing section size of structural column can improve the energy dissipation,deformability and the crack distribution of specimen significantly.RC column decreases the energy dissipation and deformability of wall specimens in the highly nonlinear stage,although it can increase the stiffness and bearing capacity of wall specimen.Therefore,increasing the size of structural column properly can enhance the seismic performance and anti-collapse capacity of longitudinal walls between windows of brick-concrete masonry structure.
Five reduced-scale wall specimens were designed in order to investigate the influence of section size and reinforcement ratio of middle column on the failure characteristic and seismic performance of longitudinal wall between windows of brick-concrete school buildings.The failure characteristics,hysteretic behavior,deformability and stiffness degradation of each wall specimen were analyzed respectively.The results indicate that all specimens with different middle columns are characterized by shear failure.The specimen designed in accordance with the current code for seismic design generally exhibits good seismic performance where the structural column works well with brick masonry.Increasing section size of structural column can improve the energy dissipation,deformability and the crack distribution of specimen significantly.RC column decreases the energy dissipation and deformability of wall specimens in the highly nonlinear stage,although it can increase the stiffness and bearing capacity of wall specimen.Therefore,increasing the size of structural column properly can enhance the seismic performance and anti-collapse capacity of longitudinal walls between windows of brick-concrete masonry structure.
引文
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[2]雷涛,李碧雄,顺远坤,等.汶川地震中绵竹市中小学校舍震害调查分析[J].建筑结构,2009,39(11):58-62.LEI Tao,LI Bi-xiong,SHUN Yuan-kun,et al.Damage investigation and analysis on school buildings in Mianzhu during Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Building Structure,2009,39(11):58-62.
[3]孙柏涛,周强,杨玉成.乡镇中小学校舍抗震抗倒安居安学设防目标———汶川地震北川擂鼓镇中小学校舍震害原因探究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2011,31(2):1-10.SUN Bai-tao,ZHOU Qiang,YANG Yu-cheng.Seismic fortification objects of rural primary and middle schools:The damage cause study for primary and middle school buildings of Leigu Town,Beichuan County in Wenchuan earth-quake[J].Journal of earthquake engineering and engineering and vibration,2011,31(2):1-10.
[4]熊立红,杜修力,陆鸣,等.5.12汶川地震中多层房屋典型震害规律研究[J].北京工业大学学报,2008,34(11):1166-1171.XIONG Li-hong,DU Xiu-li,LU Ming,et al.Damage of Multistory Buildings During the2008Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2008,34(11):1166-1171.
[5]赵统,张新培,田志鹏.汶川地震中小学砖混结构教学楼震害特征分析[J].世界地震工程,2009,25(3):150-158.ZHAO Tong,ZHANG Xin-pei,TIAN Zhi-peng.Analysis of earthquake damage to masonry school buildings in Wenchuan earthquake[J].World earthquake engineering,2009,25(3):150-158.
[6]王立成.汶川地震后学校砌体建筑结构破坏情况调查与分析[J].大连理工大学学报,2009,49(5):650-656.WANGLi-cheng.Investigation and analysis for damage of school masonry buildings in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2009,49(5):650-656.
[7]林树枝,李刚,程耿东.提高学校建筑抗震能力的对策建议[J].大连理工大学学报,2009,49(5):644-649.LINShu-zhi,LI Gang,CHENG Geng-dong.Countermeasures and suggestions for enhancing seismic capacity of school buildings[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2009,49(5):644-649.
[8]李碧雄,谢和平,王哲,等.汶川地震后多层砌体结构震害调查及分析[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2009,41(4):19-25.LI Bi-xiong,XIE He-ping,WANG Zhe,et al.Wenchuan Earthquake Field Reconnaissance and Analysis on multi-story masonry structure buildings[J].Journal of Sichuan university:ENGINEERING SCIENCE EDITION,2009,41(4):19-25.
[9]史庆轩,易文宗,刘伯权.多孔砖砌体开窗洞纵墙片的抗震性能研究[J].世界地震工程,2000,16(2):30-34.SHI Qing-xuan,YI Wen-zong,LIU Bo-quan.Experimental study on seismic behavior for porous masonry longitudi-nal wall piece between windows[J].World earthquake engineering,2000,16(2):30-34.
[10]赵世春,刘艳辉,寇举安,等.延性与脆性结构的抗震能力储备初探[J].西南交通大学学报,2009,44(3):327-335.ZHAO Shi-chun,LIU Yan-hui,KOU Ju-an,et al.Preliminary Research on Seismic Capacity Reserve for Ductile and Brittle Structures[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong university,2009,44(3):327-335.
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