基于广义塑性模型的高面板堆石坝静、动力分析
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摘要
考虑筑坝砂砾料的压力相关性,对广义塑性模型的弹性模量、加载塑性模量和卸载塑性模量进行了修改,并根据筑坝砂砾料静、动力试验确定了修改后的模型参数。采用修改后的广义塑性模型,进行了200m级砂砾石面板坝的有限元静、动力反应分析。计算结果表明:采用修改的广义塑性模型,可以直接得到坝体在地震荷载作用下发生的永久变形;弹塑性分析得到的大坝静力变形、动力反应和地震永久变形规律合理;合理考虑压力相关的广义塑性模型用于高面板坝静、动力有限元分析是可行的。
Elastic modulus,load and unload plastic modulus of generalized plastic P-Z model were improved by considering pressure dependency of dam-filling gravel materials,and experimental data of static and dynamic triaxial tests of the gravels were used to calibrate the improved model's parameters.By using this model,a static and dynamic finite element method(FEM) was adopted to analyze a gravel concrete-faced rockfill dam(CFRD) of 200m-grade high.The results show that permanent dam deformation under earthquakes can be directly obtained with the improved generalized plastic model,and that the behaviors of static deformation,dynamic responses and permanent deformation obtained through elastic-plastic analysis are reasonable.Thus consideration of pressure dependency by the improved model is feasible and effective.
Elastic modulus,load and unload plastic modulus of generalized plastic P-Z model were improved by considering pressure dependency of dam-filling gravel materials,and experimental data of static and dynamic triaxial tests of the gravels were used to calibrate the improved model's parameters.By using this model,a static and dynamic finite element method(FEM) was adopted to analyze a gravel concrete-faced rockfill dam(CFRD) of 200m-grade high.The results show that permanent dam deformation under earthquakes can be directly obtained with the improved generalized plastic model,and that the behaviors of static deformation,dynamic responses and permanent deformation obtained through elastic-plastic analysis are reasonable.Thus consideration of pressure dependency by the improved model is feasible and effective.
引文
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[2]沈珠江,徐刚.堆石料的动力变形特性[J].水利水运科学研究,1996(2):143～149.SHEN Zhujiang,XU Gang.Deformation behavior of rock materials under cyclic loading[J].Journal of Nanjing Hydraulic ResearchInstitute,1996(2):143～149.(in Chinese)
[3]邹德高,孟凡伟,孔宪京,徐斌.堆石料残余特性研究[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(6):807～812.ZOU Degao,MENG Fanwei,KONG Xianjing,XU Bin.Residual deformation behavior of rock-fill materials[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2008,30(6):807～812.(in Chinese)
[4]Pastor M,Zienkiewicz O C,Chen A H.Generalized plasticity and the modeling of soil behavior[J].International Journal forNumerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,Ghent,1990;14:151～190.
[5]Zienkiewicz O C,Leung K H,Pastor M.Simple model for transient soil loading in earthquake analysis.I:basic model and itsapplication[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics.1985(9):453～476.
[6]Pastor M,Zienkiewicz O C,Leung K H.Simple model for transient soil loading in earthquake analysis.II:non-associative models forsands[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics.1985(9):477～498.
[7]Alyami M,Rouainia M,Wilkinson A M.Numerical analysis of deformation behaviour of quay walls under earthquake loading[J].Soil Dynamic and Earthquake Engineering.2009(29):525～536.
[8]Pastor M.Modelling of ansotropic sand behavior[J].Computers and Geotechnics.1991,11(3):173～208.
[9]Sassa S,Sekiguchi H.Analysis of waved-induced liquefaction of sand beds.Getechnique[J].2001,51(2):115～126.
[10]LING H I,LIU Huabei.Pressure-level dependency and densification behavior of sand through a generalized plasticity model[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics.2003,129(8),851～860.
[11]LING H I,YANG Songtao.Unified sand based on the critical state and generalized plasticity[J].Journal of EngineeringMechanics.2006,132(12):1380～1391.
[12]Manzanal D,Merodo J A F,Pastor M.Generalized plasticity state parameter-based model for saturated and unsaturated soils.Part1:Saturated state[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics.2011,35:1347～1362.
[13]LIU Huabei,LING H I.Constitutive description of interface behavior including cyclic loading and particle breakage within theframework of critical state soil mechanics[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics.2008,32:1495～1514.
[14]SUN L X.Centrifugal testing and finite element analysis of pipeline buried in liquefiable soil[D].Ph.D.Thesis,ColumbiaUniversity.,2001.
[15]刘华北,宋二祥.可液化土中地铁结构的地震响应[J].岩土力学,2005,26(3):381～386.LIU Huabei,SONG Erxiang.Earthquake induced liquefaction response of subway structure in liquefiable soil[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2005,26(3):381～386.(in Chinese)
[16]刘华北,Ling H I.土工格栅加筋土挡土墙设计参数的弹塑性有限元研究.岩土工程学报[J],2004,26(5):668～673.LIU Huabei,LING H I.Elasto-plastic finite element study for parameters of geogrid-reinforced soil retaining wall[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2004,26(5):668～673.(in Chinese)
[17]刘华北.水平与竖向地震作用下土工格栅加筋土挡墙动力分析.岩土工程学报[J],2006,28(5):594～599.LIU Huabei.Analysis on seismic behavior of geogrid-reinforced retaining wall subjected to horizontal and vertical excitations[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(5):594～599.(in Chinese)
[18]邹德高,孔宪京.液化土中管线抗上浮排水措施数值分析[J].大连理工大学学报.2010,50(3):379～385.ZOU Degao,KONG Xianjing.Numerical analysis of mitigation methods against pipeline up-lifting in liquefiable soil[J].Journal ofDalian University of Technology,2010,50(3):379～385.(in Chinese)
[19]LI Tongchun,ZHANG Hongyang.Dynamic parameter verification of P-Z model and its application of dynamic analysis on rockfilldam[A].Enginnering,Science,Construction,and Operations in Challenging Environments[C].Earth and Space,2010.
[20]于玉贞,卞锋.高土石坝地震动力响应特征弹塑性有限元分析[J].世界地震工程,2010,26(S1):341～345.YU Yuzhen,BIAN Feng.Elasto-plastic FEM analysis of dynamic response of high earth-rockfill dams during earthquake[J].WorldEarthquake Engineering,2010,26(S1):341～345.(in Chinese)
[21]罗刚,张建民,沈珠江.紫坪铺混凝土面板堆石坝三维应力位移分析[J].水力发电学报,2002,21(S1):13～18.LUO Gang ZHANG Jianmin SHEN Zhujiang.3-D stress-displacement analysis for zipingpu concrete faced rockfill dam[J].Journalof Hydroelectric Engineering,2002,21(S1):13～18.(in Chinese)
[22]邹德高,周扬,孔宪京等.高土石坝加速度响应的三维有限元研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(S1):656～661.ZOU Degao,ZHOU yang,KONG Xianjing,et al.3D FEM study of acceleration response of high earth-rock dams[J].Rock andSoil Mechanics,2011,32(S1):656～661.(in Chinese)
[23]陈生水,霍家平,章为民.汶川“5.12”地震对紫坪铺混凝土面板堆石坝的影响及原因分析[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(6):795～801.CHEN Shengshui,HUO Jiaping,ZHANG Weiming.Analysis of effects of“5.12”Wenchuan earthquake on Zipingpu concrete facerock-fill dam[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(6):795～801.(in Chinese)
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