框架结构中折板楼梯的抗震性能分析
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摘要
通过ANSYS数值模拟,对比了纯框架结构、带直板楼梯或带折板楼梯框架结构的振动特性.建议框架的楼梯设计尽量采用折板楼梯,并且使平台板与框架柱不连接或弱连接.这样可以削弱楼梯在水平地震作用下的"斜撑"效应,减弱楼梯参与整体结构受力的性能,减轻地震作用在框架间分配不均的现象,进而减小楼梯构件内力及其设计难度,并且使楼梯间的框架柱不再会形成短柱,同时降低位移限值的保守度,减少浪费.通过大量数据寻找出应力的变化规律,给出折板楼梯设计时需要的一些尺寸的建议值.
A comparative study was made of the vibration performances of frame structures without stair tread,with straight stair tread or with folded stair tread by ANSYS numerical simulation.The stair with folded slab was proposed to adopt while designing stair in frame structure.Landing board and frame column were proposed to be separated as well.With the method,the K-effect of stairs during earthquake would be weakened and the stairs' capability to take part in the whole structure decreases,too.The mal-distribution of seismic force among frames would be lightened.As a result,the internal force of the stair components and the difficulty of design would diminish.However,frame columns would not be changed into short columns.Meanwhile,the conservative degree of allowable value of drift angle would be reduced.Based on a lot of data,the variation law of stress was investigated,and proposals on dimensions of folded stair were put forward.
A comparative study was made of the vibration performances of frame structures without stair tread,with straight stair tread or with folded stair tread by ANSYS numerical simulation.The stair with folded slab was proposed to adopt while designing stair in frame structure.Landing board and frame column were proposed to be separated as well.With the method,the K-effect of stairs during earthquake would be weakened and the stairs' capability to take part in the whole structure decreases,too.The mal-distribution of seismic force among frames would be lightened.As a result,the internal force of the stair components and the difficulty of design would diminish.However,frame columns would not be changed into short columns.Meanwhile,the conservative degree of allowable value of drift angle would be reduced.Based on a lot of data,the variation law of stress was investigated,and proposals on dimensions of folded stair were put forward.
引文
[1]《汶川地震建筑震害调查与灾后重建分析报告》编委会.汶川地震建筑震害调查与灾后重建分析报告[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.Editorial Committee of Analytical Reports About DisasterInvestigation and Reconstruction of Architecture Subjected toWenchuan Earthquake.Analytical reports about disasterinvestigation and reconstruction of architecture subjected towenchuan earthquake[M].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2008.
[2]李英民,刘立平.汶川地震建筑震害与思考[M].重庆:重庆出版社,2008.LI Yingmin,LIU Liping.Thoughts on disaster of architecturesubjected to wenchuan earthquake[M].Chongqing:ChongqingPress,2008.
[3]郭书普,王彩艳.楼梯的抗震设计[J].建筑结构,2009(4):604.GUO Shupu,WANG Caiyan.Seismic design of stairs[J].Building Structure,2009(4):604.
[4]焦柯,吴文勇,黄真康,等.楼梯参与结构整体工作的计算分析[J].广东土木与建筑,2009(3):3.JIAO Ke,WU Wenyong,HUANG Zhenkang,et al.Structuralanalysis of staircase participated in the working of buildingstructure[J].Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering,2009(3):3.
[5]吴勇,王周胜,张玲.框架结构中板式楼梯震害分析及对策探讨[J].建筑技术,2009,40(6):561.WU Yong,WANG Zhousheng,ZHANG Ling.Analysis onearthquake disaster of cranked slab stairs in frame structuresin erathquane and discussion on countermeasures[J].Architecture Technology,2009,40(6):561.
[6]王奇,马宝民.钢筋混凝土现浇楼梯对整体结构的影响[J].建筑结构,2002(4):27.WANG Qi,MA Baomin.Influence of whole structure inducedby cast-in-place stairs[J].Building Structure,2002(4):561.
[7]曹万林,庞国新,李云霄.带楼梯框架弹性层刚度的试验研究[J].世界地震工程,1996(2):29.CAO Wanlin,PANG Guoxin,LI Yunxiao.The test research onelastic floor rigidity of frame with staircase[J].World EarthQuake Engineering,1996(2):29.
[8]曹万林,庞国新,李云霄.带楼梯框架弹塑性工作性能研究[J].世界地震工程,1996(3):52.CAO Wanlin,PANG Guoxin,LI Yunxiao.On elastoplasticperformance of frames with staircase[J].World Earth QuakeEngineering,1996(3):52.
[9]Ahmed I,Muqtadir A,Ahmad S.Design basis for stair slabssupported at landing level[J].Journal of StructuralEngineering,1995,121(7):1051.
[10]Ahmed I,Muqtadir A,Ahmad S.Design provisions for stairslabs in the bangladesh building code[J].Journal of StructuralEngineering,1996:122(3):262.
[2]李英民,刘立平.汶川地震建筑震害与思考[M].重庆:重庆出版社,2008.LI Yingmin,LIU Liping.Thoughts on disaster of architecturesubjected to wenchuan earthquake[M].Chongqing:ChongqingPress,2008.
[3]郭书普,王彩艳.楼梯的抗震设计[J].建筑结构,2009(4):604.GUO Shupu,WANG Caiyan.Seismic design of stairs[J].Building Structure,2009(4):604.
[4]焦柯,吴文勇,黄真康,等.楼梯参与结构整体工作的计算分析[J].广东土木与建筑,2009(3):3.JIAO Ke,WU Wenyong,HUANG Zhenkang,et al.Structuralanalysis of staircase participated in the working of buildingstructure[J].Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering,2009(3):3.
[5]吴勇,王周胜,张玲.框架结构中板式楼梯震害分析及对策探讨[J].建筑技术,2009,40(6):561.WU Yong,WANG Zhousheng,ZHANG Ling.Analysis onearthquake disaster of cranked slab stairs in frame structuresin erathquane and discussion on countermeasures[J].Architecture Technology,2009,40(6):561.
[6]王奇,马宝民.钢筋混凝土现浇楼梯对整体结构的影响[J].建筑结构,2002(4):27.WANG Qi,MA Baomin.Influence of whole structure inducedby cast-in-place stairs[J].Building Structure,2002(4):561.
[7]曹万林,庞国新,李云霄.带楼梯框架弹性层刚度的试验研究[J].世界地震工程,1996(2):29.CAO Wanlin,PANG Guoxin,LI Yunxiao.The test research onelastic floor rigidity of frame with staircase[J].World EarthQuake Engineering,1996(2):29.
[8]曹万林,庞国新,李云霄.带楼梯框架弹塑性工作性能研究[J].世界地震工程,1996(3):52.CAO Wanlin,PANG Guoxin,LI Yunxiao.On elastoplasticperformance of frames with staircase[J].World Earth QuakeEngineering,1996(3):52.
[9]Ahmed I,Muqtadir A,Ahmad S.Design basis for stair slabssupported at landing level[J].Journal of StructuralEngineering,1995,121(7):1051.
[10]Ahmed I,Muqtadir A,Ahmad S.Design provisions for stairslabs in the bangladesh building code[J].Journal of StructuralEngineering,1996:122(3):262.
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