芦山M_S7.0地震前的电磁异常信号
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摘要
对南北地震带18个地电场及电磁扰动观测台站进行了跟踪与研究,2013年4月20日四川芦山MS7.0地震前只有其中5个台站观测到了异常电磁信号.研究表明,地震前的这些异常信号时空分布非常不均匀.在时间上表现出震前电磁异常信号在出现的台站上不是同步的,且随着时间的推移有向震中方向迁移的趋势;在空间上体现在成都以北的台站都没有记录到震前电磁异常信号,主要出现在成都及其以南的一些台站.芦山MS7.0地震前地震电磁信号出现的最早时间是震前21天,其次是震前16天;临震时间则为震前5天、4天和1天.通过接地极注入地下的大电流以及以往的震例分析,认为仙女山台是又一个比较突出的电磁信号观测的敏感点.
This paper studies the geoelectric field and electromagnetic disturbance observed at the eighteen stations laid out in the South-North Seismic Belt in China.Before the 20 April 2013 Lushan MS7.0 earthquake,only at the five stations were abnormal electromagnetic disturbance signals recorded.The study shows that the electromagnetic signals are distributed heterogeneously in spacetime,and they do not appear synchronously at different stations,which migrate toward near the epicenter with time.In spatial distribution,the abnormal signals before the earthquake were recorded only at several stations to the south of Chengdu station(including Chengdu station),but not recorded at the stations to the north of Chengdu.Before the Lushan MS7.0 earthquake the earliest lead time of the signals is 21 days,and then 16 days.Immediately before the event the lead times are 5 days,4 days and 1 day,respectively.By studying the signals originated from grounding electrode 4 500 Acurrent and some earthquakeexamples,Xiannüshan station is considered as a new sensitive site for the electromagnetic observation.
This paper studies the geoelectric field and electromagnetic disturbance observed at the eighteen stations laid out in the South-North Seismic Belt in China.Before the 20 April 2013 Lushan MS7.0 earthquake,only at the five stations were abnormal electromagnetic disturbance signals recorded.The study shows that the electromagnetic signals are distributed heterogeneously in spacetime,and they do not appear synchronously at different stations,which migrate toward near the epicenter with time.In spatial distribution,the abnormal signals before the earthquake were recorded only at several stations to the south of Chengdu station(including Chengdu station),but not recorded at the stations to the north of Chengdu.Before the Lushan MS7.0 earthquake the earliest lead time of the signals is 21 days,and then 16 days.Immediately before the event the lead times are 5 days,4 days and 1 day,respectively.By studying the signals originated from grounding electrode 4 500 Acurrent and some earthquakeexamples,Xiannüshan station is considered as a new sensitive site for the electromagnetic observation.
引文
陈运泰,杨智娴,张勇,刘超.2013.浅谈芦山地震[J].地震学报,35(3):285--295.
黄清华,林玉峰.2010.地震电信号选择性数值模拟及可能影响因素[J].地球物理学报,53(3):535--543.
马钦忠.2008.汶川大震现场地震电磁异常信号追踪[J].震情研究,2:48--61.
马钦忠,冯志生,宋治平,赵卫国.2004.崇明与南京台震前地电场变化异常分析[J].地震学报,26(3):304--312.
马钦忠,钱家栋.2003.地下电性非均匀结构对地电场信号的影响[J].地震,23(1):1--6.
马钦忠,尹京苑,顾学章.2003.崇明异常电磁扰动与台湾7.5级强震[J].地震,23(4):49--56.
毛桐恩,席继楼,王燕琼,尹淑芝.1999.地震过程中的大地电场变化特征[J].地球物理学报,42(4):519--528.
钱复业,赵玉林,卢军,薛顺章.1998.孔压弱化失稳的系统辨识及大地电场短临前兆[C]∥地震地电学发展与展望.兰州:兰州大学出版社:151--155.
赵玉林,钱复业.1981.大地电场的临震周期[J].地震,3(2):13--16.
Kinoshita M,Uyeshima M,Uyeda S.1989.Earthquake prediction research by means of telluric potential monitoring.Progress rep.1:Installation of monitoring network[J].Bull Earthquake Res Inst,64:255--311.
Ma Q Z,Zhang Y X.2010.Abnormal variations of geoelectric field preceding the Wenchuan 8.0earthquake in China[C]∥EMSEV-2010.Chapman University,Santa Ana,USA,October 3--6.
Nagao T,Uyeda S,Asai Y,Kono Y.1996.Anomalous changes in geoelectric potential preceding four earthquakes in Japan[C]∥A Critical Review of VAN Earthquake Prediction From Seismic Electrical Signal.Singapore:World Scientific:292--300.
Orihara Y,Noda Y,Nagao T,Uyeda S.2002.A possible case of SES selectivity at Kozu-shima Island,Japan[J].J Geodynamics,33:425--432.
Sarlis N,Lazaridou M,Kapiris P,Varotsos P.1999.Numerical model of the selectivity effect and theΔ/Lcriterion[J].Geophys Res Lett,26(21):3245--3248.
Telesca L,Colangelo G,Hattori K,Lapenna V.2004.Principal component analysis of geoelectrical signals measured in the seismically active area of Basilicata Region(southern Italy)[J].Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences,4:663--667.
Tsutsui M.2002.Detection of earth-origin electric pulses[J].Geophys Res Lett,29(8):35-1--35-4.doi:10.1029/2001GL013713.
Uyeda S,Hayakawa M,Nagao T,Molchanov O,Hattori K,Orihara Y,Gotoh K,Akinaga Y,Tanaka H.2002.Electric and magnetic phenomena observed before the volcano-seismic activity in 2000in the Izu Island Region,Japan[J].Proc Nat Acad Sci USA,99(11):7352--7355.
Uyeda S,Nagao T,Orihara Y,Yamaguchi T,Takahashi I.2000.Geoelectric potential changes:Possible precursors to earthquakes in Japan[J].Proc Nat Acad Sci,97:4561--4566.
Varotsos P,Alexopoulous K.1984a.Physical properties of the variations of the electric field of the earth preceding earthquakes,Ⅰ[J].Tectonophysics,110(1/2):73--98.
Varotsos P,Alexopoulous K.1984b.Physical properties of the electric field of the earth preceding earthquakes,Ⅱ.Determination of epicenter and magnitude[J].Tectonophysics,110(1/2):99--125.
Varotsos P,Alexopoulos K,Lazaridou M.1993.Latest aspects of earthquake prediction in Greece based on seismic electric signals,Ⅱ[J].Tectonophysics,224(1/3):1--37.
Varotsos P,Sarlis N,Skordas E,Tanaka H,Lazaridou M.2005.Additional evidence on some relationship between seismic electric signals and earthquake source parameters[J].ACTC Geophysica Polonica,53(3):293--298.
Varotsos P A.2005.The Physics of Seismic Electric Signals[M].Tokyo:Terra Scientific Publ Co:388.
Zlotnicki J,Mouel L,Sasai Y,Yvetot P,Ardisson M.2001.Self-potential changes associated with volcanic activity:Short-term signals associated with March 9,1998eruption on La Fournaise volcano(Reunion Island)[J].Annali Di Geofisica,44(2):335--354.
黄清华,林玉峰.2010.地震电信号选择性数值模拟及可能影响因素[J].地球物理学报,53(3):535--543.
马钦忠.2008.汶川大震现场地震电磁异常信号追踪[J].震情研究,2:48--61.
马钦忠,冯志生,宋治平,赵卫国.2004.崇明与南京台震前地电场变化异常分析[J].地震学报,26(3):304--312.
马钦忠,钱家栋.2003.地下电性非均匀结构对地电场信号的影响[J].地震,23(1):1--6.
马钦忠,尹京苑,顾学章.2003.崇明异常电磁扰动与台湾7.5级强震[J].地震,23(4):49--56.
毛桐恩,席继楼,王燕琼,尹淑芝.1999.地震过程中的大地电场变化特征[J].地球物理学报,42(4):519--528.
钱复业,赵玉林,卢军,薛顺章.1998.孔压弱化失稳的系统辨识及大地电场短临前兆[C]∥地震地电学发展与展望.兰州:兰州大学出版社:151--155.
赵玉林,钱复业.1981.大地电场的临震周期[J].地震,3(2):13--16.
Kinoshita M,Uyeshima M,Uyeda S.1989.Earthquake prediction research by means of telluric potential monitoring.Progress rep.1:Installation of monitoring network[J].Bull Earthquake Res Inst,64:255--311.
Ma Q Z,Zhang Y X.2010.Abnormal variations of geoelectric field preceding the Wenchuan 8.0earthquake in China[C]∥EMSEV-2010.Chapman University,Santa Ana,USA,October 3--6.
Nagao T,Uyeda S,Asai Y,Kono Y.1996.Anomalous changes in geoelectric potential preceding four earthquakes in Japan[C]∥A Critical Review of VAN Earthquake Prediction From Seismic Electrical Signal.Singapore:World Scientific:292--300.
Orihara Y,Noda Y,Nagao T,Uyeda S.2002.A possible case of SES selectivity at Kozu-shima Island,Japan[J].J Geodynamics,33:425--432.
Sarlis N,Lazaridou M,Kapiris P,Varotsos P.1999.Numerical model of the selectivity effect and theΔ/Lcriterion[J].Geophys Res Lett,26(21):3245--3248.
Telesca L,Colangelo G,Hattori K,Lapenna V.2004.Principal component analysis of geoelectrical signals measured in the seismically active area of Basilicata Region(southern Italy)[J].Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences,4:663--667.
Tsutsui M.2002.Detection of earth-origin electric pulses[J].Geophys Res Lett,29(8):35-1--35-4.doi:10.1029/2001GL013713.
Uyeda S,Hayakawa M,Nagao T,Molchanov O,Hattori K,Orihara Y,Gotoh K,Akinaga Y,Tanaka H.2002.Electric and magnetic phenomena observed before the volcano-seismic activity in 2000in the Izu Island Region,Japan[J].Proc Nat Acad Sci USA,99(11):7352--7355.
Uyeda S,Nagao T,Orihara Y,Yamaguchi T,Takahashi I.2000.Geoelectric potential changes:Possible precursors to earthquakes in Japan[J].Proc Nat Acad Sci,97:4561--4566.
Varotsos P,Alexopoulous K.1984a.Physical properties of the variations of the electric field of the earth preceding earthquakes,Ⅰ[J].Tectonophysics,110(1/2):73--98.
Varotsos P,Alexopoulous K.1984b.Physical properties of the electric field of the earth preceding earthquakes,Ⅱ.Determination of epicenter and magnitude[J].Tectonophysics,110(1/2):99--125.
Varotsos P,Alexopoulos K,Lazaridou M.1993.Latest aspects of earthquake prediction in Greece based on seismic electric signals,Ⅱ[J].Tectonophysics,224(1/3):1--37.
Varotsos P,Sarlis N,Skordas E,Tanaka H,Lazaridou M.2005.Additional evidence on some relationship between seismic electric signals and earthquake source parameters[J].ACTC Geophysica Polonica,53(3):293--298.
Varotsos P A.2005.The Physics of Seismic Electric Signals[M].Tokyo:Terra Scientific Publ Co:388.
Zlotnicki J,Mouel L,Sasai Y,Yvetot P,Ardisson M.2001.Self-potential changes associated with volcanic activity:Short-term signals associated with March 9,1998eruption on La Fournaise volcano(Reunion Island)[J].Annali Di Geofisica,44(2):335--354.
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