基于性能的变电站抗震设计研究
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摘要
将基于性能的抗震设计方法(PBSD)用于变电站的结构设计中。由于变电站破坏引起的损失难以估计,投资-效益准则的应用较困难。根据汶川大地震中变电站震害情况分析,指出钢构架一般能满足抗震要求,而对变电站混凝土结构采用基于性能的抗震设计方法比较有针对性。"小震不坏,中震可修,大震不倒"是我国规范对结构的目标性能要求,而某些重要的变电站结构可在规范的基础上根据实际情况提高一个层次而达到"大震可修"的要求。采用基于迭代变形计算的方法设计了两种不同目标性能要求的变电站结构,设计结果表明:合理提高变电站的目标性能后,其初始造价增加不多。
The method of performance based seismic design(PBSD) was introduced into the design of a substation structure.The cost-effectiveness criterion is limited because the loss due to the destruction of the substation is difficult to compute.Based on the analysis of the seismic damage of the substation in Wenchuan Earthquake,the phenomenon that the seismic property of the steel truss always satisfied the code was pointed out.So it was effective to adopt the PBSD method in the course of the design of RC structure.The goal of three-level seismic design is the objective performance demand for the structure,however,the substation structure could take higher objective performance to ensure structures repairable under major earthquake.Iterative deformation-calculation based method(IDCB) was used to design the substation structure with two sorts of objective performance.Results show that not much cost increases by using higher objective performance.
The method of performance based seismic design(PBSD) was introduced into the design of a substation structure.The cost-effectiveness criterion is limited because the loss due to the destruction of the substation is difficult to compute.Based on the analysis of the seismic damage of the substation in Wenchuan Earthquake,the phenomenon that the seismic property of the steel truss always satisfied the code was pointed out.So it was effective to adopt the PBSD method in the course of the design of RC structure.The goal of three-level seismic design is the objective performance demand for the structure,however,the substation structure could take higher objective performance to ensure structures repairable under major earthquake.Iterative deformation-calculation based method(IDCB) was used to design the substation structure with two sorts of objective performance.Results show that not much cost increases by using higher objective performance.
引文
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[2]王光远,顾平,吕大刚.基于规范和最优设防烈度的抗地震结构优化设计[J].土木工程学报,1999,32(2):41-46.
[3]李刚,程耿东.基于性能的结构抗震设计——理论、方法与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[4]于永清,李光范,李鹏,等.四川电网汶川地震电力设施受灾调研分析[J].电网技术,2008,32(11):1-6.
[5]杨应华,熊军,王胜利.汉中地区变电设施在汶川大地震中的表现及其分析[J].震灾防御技术,2010,5(2):167-174.
[6]Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA),The seismicrehabilitation of Buildings[R].FEMA Report 356,2000.
[7]SEAOC Vision 2000Commitee.Performance-based Seismic En-gineering[R].Report Prepared by Structural Engineers Associ-ation of California,Sacramento,Califomia,USA,1995.
[8]ATC-40.Seismic evaluation and retrofit of concrete buildings[R].Applied Technology Council.Red Wood City,California,1996.
[9]Kuramoto H,Midorikawa M,Teshigawara M,et al.A over-view of performance-based seismic code of building in Japan[J].Yoyohashi University of Technology,2003.
[10]丰定国.工程结构抗震[M].北京:地震出版社,2005.
[11]唐九如.钢筋混凝土框架节点抗震[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1989.
[12]Mander J B,Priestley M J N,Park R.Theoretical stress-strain model for confined concrete[J].Journal of the structuraldivision,ASCE,1988,114(8):1804-1826.
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