锚杆支护边坡动力响应规律及锚固参数影响
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摘要
现场调查表明,锚杆支护能有效提高边坡在地震作用下的动力稳定性。通过采用拟静力法对汶川震区内锚杆支护边坡的地震稳定性进行验算后得知,边坡的动力安全系数随锚杆长度的增加而增大。利用FLAC3D分析了地震作用下锚杆支护边坡的动力响应规律以及锚固参数对边坡动力特性的影响。结果表明,锚固措施能有效抑制坡表加速度的放大作用,地震后锚杆支护边坡水平位移的最大值出现在坡顶,且锚杆的轴力较地震前也有一定程度的增大;坡面峰值加速度放大系数和最大位移随锚杆长度的增大而减小,随锚杆间距的减小而增大,锚杆倾角对边坡PGA放大系数的影响规律并不明显;根据锚杆轴力的分布特征,提出了锚杆支护边坡在地震作用下潜在滑裂面位置的确定方法。
By means of field investigation,it is shown that slope supported with anchor has good effect on resisting earthquake.The pseudo-static method was used to analyze the stability of anchored slopes in Wenchuan earthquake region,the result shows that the dynamic safety factor of slope increases with the increase of anchor length.Based on FLAC3D program,the dynamic response regularity and the influence of anchoring parameters on dynamic characteristics of anchored slope were analyzed.It is shown that(1) anchoring structures can restraining amplification of surficial acceleration,the maximum horizontal displacement occurs at the crest and anchor axial force increases after earthquake;(2) the peak displacement and the coefficient of amplification of PGA along the slope surface decrease with the increase of anchor length,while increase with increase of anchor space,but the amplification coefficient is less affected by the anchor angle;(3) according to the characters of anchor axial force,a convenient approach was presented to determine the potential sliding surface of anchored slopes under earthquake.
By means of field investigation,it is shown that slope supported with anchor has good effect on resisting earthquake.The pseudo-static method was used to analyze the stability of anchored slopes in Wenchuan earthquake region,the result shows that the dynamic safety factor of slope increases with the increase of anchor length.Based on FLAC3D program,the dynamic response regularity and the influence of anchoring parameters on dynamic characteristics of anchored slope were analyzed.It is shown that(1) anchoring structures can restraining amplification of surficial acceleration,the maximum horizontal displacement occurs at the crest and anchor axial force increases after earthquake;(2) the peak displacement and the coefficient of amplification of PGA along the slope surface decrease with the increase of anchor length,while increase with increase of anchor space,but the amplification coefficient is less affected by the anchor angle;(3) according to the characters of anchor axial force,a convenient approach was presented to determine the potential sliding surface of anchored slopes under earthquake.
引文
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[14]徐光兴,姚令侃,高召宁,等.边坡动力特性与动力响应的大型振动台模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(3):624-632.XU Guangxing,YAO Lingkan,GAO Zhaoning,et al.Large-scale Shaking Table Model Test Study on DynamicCharacteristics and Dynamic Responses of Slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(3):624-632.
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[2]顾金才,沈俊,陈安敏,等.预应力锚索加固机制与设计计算方法研究[C]//中国岩石力学与工程学会编.中国岩石力学与工程学会第八次学术大会论文集.北京:中国科学技术出版社,2004:32?39.GU Jincai,SHEN Jun,CHEN Anmin,et al.Study onthe Reinforcement Mechanism and Calculation Method forRock Engineering Reinforced by Prestressed Anchor Cables[C]//CSRME Proceedings of the 8th Rock Mechanicsand Engineering Conference.Beijing:China Science andTechnology Press,2004:32-39.
[3]洪海春,徐卫亚.地震作用下岩体锚固性能研究综述与展望[J].金属矿山,2006,357(3):5-10.HONG Haichun,XU Weiya.Review and Prospect ofAnchorage Properties of Reinforced Rockmass underEarthquake[J].Mental Mine,2006,357(3):5-10.
[4]董建华,朱彦鹏.框架锚杆支护边坡地震响应分析[J].兰州理工大学学报,2008,34(2):118-122.DONG Jianhua,ZHU Yanpeng.Analysis of Response ofSlope Supported with Framed Anchor to Earthquake[J].Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology,2008,34(2):118-122.
[5]叶海林,郑颖人,黄润秋,等.锚杆支护岩质边坡地震动力响应分析[J].后勤工程学院学报,2010,26(4):2-7.YE Hailin,ZHENG Yingren,HUANG Runqiu,et al.Analysis on Dynamic Response of Rockbolt in Rock Slopeunder Earthquake[J].Journal of Logistical EngineeringUniversity,2008,27(4):2-7.
[6]叶海林,黄润秋,郑颖人,等.岩质边坡锚杆支护参数地震敏感性分析[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(9):1374-1379.YE Hailin,HUANG Runqiu,ZHENG Yingren,et al.Sensitivity Analysis of Parameters for Bolts in Rock Slopesunder Earthquakes[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2010,32(9):1374-1379.
[7]秋仁东,石玉成,徐舜华,等.预应力锚索加固石窟岩体的地震动力响应研究[J].西北地震学报,2007,29(1):49-53.QIU Rendong,SHI Yucheng,XU Shunhua,et al.Studyon Dynamical Response of Grotto Rock Reinforced byPrestress Anchor Cable under the Seismic Load[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2007,27(1):49-53.
[8]郝振群,石崇,朱珍德,等.圆形洞室预应力锚索的地震动力响应[J].河海大学学报:自然科学版,2010,6(28):716-720.HAO Zhenqun,SHI Chun,ZHU Zhende,et al.DynamicResponse of Prestressed Anchor Cables in Round Tunnelsunder Earthquakes[J].Journal of Hohai University:Natural Science Edition,2010,6(28):716-720.
[9]薛亚东,张世平,康天合.回采巷道锚杆动载响应的数值分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1903-1906.XUE Yadong,ZHANG Shiping,KANG Tianhe.Numerical Analysis on Dynamic Response of Rock Bolts inMining Roadways[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1903-1906.
[10]IVANOVIC A,NEILSON R D,RODGER A A.Influenceof Prestress on the Dynamic Response of Ground Anchorage[J].Journal of Geotechnical&GeoenvironmentalEngineering,ASCE,2002,128(3):237-249.
[11]IVANOVIC A,STARKEY A.The Influence of Load onthe Frequency Response of Rock Bolt Anchorage[J].Advances in Engineering Software,2003,12(6):697-705.
[12]宋修广,张思峰,李英勇.路堑高边坡开挖、锚固数值模拟及稳定性分析[J].公路交通科技,2005,22(4):38-40.SONG Xiuguang,ZHANG Sifeng,LI Yingyong.StabilityAnalysis and Simulation of Excavation and Reinforcementof High Slope of Expressway[J].Journal of Highway andTransportation Research and Development,2005,22(4):38-40.
[13]何忠明,林杭.节理岩体边坡稳定性的锚杆支护影响分析[J].公路交通科技,2010,11(3):8-12.HE Zhongming,LIN Hang.Influence of BoltReinforcement on Stability of Rock Jointed Slope[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research andDevelopment,2010,11(3):8-12.
[14]徐光兴,姚令侃,高召宁,等.边坡动力特性与动力响应的大型振动台模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(3):624-632.XU Guangxing,YAO Lingkan,GAO Zhaoning,et al.Large-scale Shaking Table Model Test Study on DynamicCharacteristics and Dynamic Responses of Slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(3):624-632.
[15]张华,陆阳,程强.岩质边坡锚杆(索)框架梁加固的数值模拟[J].公路交通科技,2008,25(1):21-26.ZHANG Hua,LU Yang,CHENG Qiang.NumericalSimulation of Reinforcement for Rock Slope with Rock Bolt(Anchor Cable)Frame Beam[J].Journal of Highwayand Transportation Research and Development,2008,25(1):21-26.
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