一种改进的用于快速傅里叶变换功率谱中的窄带干扰抑制的方法
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摘要
抑制周期性窄带干扰是局部放电(partial discharge,PD)在线检测中的关键技术。该文在仿真分析PD信号与窄带干扰在快速傅里叶变换(fast Fourier transform,FFT)功率谱中特点的基础上引入了局部峰点的概念,并定义了局部能量比,提出使用局部能量比预处理的FFT功率谱去噪方法,并详述了使用该方法抑制窄带干扰的具体步骤。将局部能量比的大小模糊化,采用模糊C-均值阈值法自适应提取局部能量比的阈值。仿真及实测信号的去噪效果表明,该方法对于窄带干扰具有较强的抑制能力。将该方法用于小波包功率谱的去噪,并与传统的小波包去噪效果比较,结果表明,FFT在抑制窄带干扰方面具有一定的优势。
The suppression of narrow-band interference is one of the key techniques of on-line monitoring of partial discharge.In this paper,the different characteristics of fast Fourier transform(FFT) power spectrum between simulation PD signals and PD signals mixed with the narrow-band interference were analysed.The notion of partial peaks was brought in and partial energy ratio was defined.Thus,a method of suppressing narrow-band interference using partial energy ratio pretreatment was proposed,and the steps are also designed.Besides,the magnitude of partial energy ratio is fuzzified and the adaptive fuzzy C-mean threshold algorithm was proposed to extract the threshold of partial energy ratio.The denoising simulation shows that the proposed method could pick narrow-band interference signal from real PD signal.The method of this paper was used in wavelet packet power spectrum to denoise narrow-band interference,comparison with that of wavelet packet denoising shows that the FFT is superior in suppressing narrow-band interference.
The suppression of narrow-band interference is one of the key techniques of on-line monitoring of partial discharge.In this paper,the different characteristics of fast Fourier transform(FFT) power spectrum between simulation PD signals and PD signals mixed with the narrow-band interference were analysed.The notion of partial peaks was brought in and partial energy ratio was defined.Thus,a method of suppressing narrow-band interference using partial energy ratio pretreatment was proposed,and the steps are also designed.Besides,the magnitude of partial energy ratio is fuzzified and the adaptive fuzzy C-mean threshold algorithm was proposed to extract the threshold of partial energy ratio.The denoising simulation shows that the proposed method could pick narrow-band interference signal from real PD signal.The method of this paper was used in wavelet packet power spectrum to denoise narrow-band interference,comparison with that of wavelet packet denoising shows that the FFT is superior in suppressing narrow-band interference.
引文
[1]司文荣,李军浩,袁鹏,等.气体绝缘组合电器多局部放电源的检测与识别[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(16):119-126.Si Wenrong,Li Junhao,Yuan Peng,et al.Detection andidentification techniques for multi-PD source in GIS[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(16):119-126(inChinese).
[2]谢良聘,朱德恒.FFT频域分析算法抑制窄带干扰的研究[J].高电压技术,2000,26(4):6-8.Xie Liangpin,Zhu Deheng.Research of spectrum analysisbased on FFT for suppressing Narrow-band interference inPD signal[J].High Voltage Engineering,2000,26(4):6-8(in Chinese).
[3]徐淑珍,朱子述,秦松林,等.局部放电在线监测中周期性干扰的抑制[J].高电压技术,2001,27(1):32-34.Xu Shuzhen,Zhu Zishu,Qin Songlin,et al.Suppressionof the periodic pulse shaped interference for on-line PDmonitoring[J].High Voltage Engineering,2001,27(1):32-34(in Chinese).
[4]钱勇,黄成军,陈陈,等.多小波消噪算法在局部放电检测中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(6):89-95.Qian Yong,Huang Chengjun,Chen Chen,etal.Application of multi-wavelet based on denoisingalgorithm in partial discharge detection[J].Proceedings ofthe CSEE,2007,27(6):89-95(in Chinese).
[5]唐炬,孙才新,宋胜利,等.局部放电信号中的白噪声和窄带干扰[J].高电压技术,2002,28(12):8-10.Tang Ju,Sun Caixin,Song Shengli,et al.Application ofwavelet packet transform to the suppression of white-noise and periodic narrowband interference in partialdischarge signals[J].High Voltage Engineering,2002,28(12):8-10(in Chinese).
[6]唐炬,高丽,谢颜斌,等.复小波包变换抑制PD监测中周期性窄带干扰[J].高电压技术,2008,34(11):2355-2361.Tang Ju,Gao Li,Xie Yanbing,et al.Suppressing PD’speriodicity narrow band noise in the PD measurement byusing complex wavelet packet transform[J].High VoltageEngineering,2008,34(11):2355-2361(in Chinese).
[7]唐炬,黄江岸,张晓星,等.局部放电在线监测中混频周期性窄带干扰的抑制[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(13):121-127.Tang Ju,Huang Jiangan,Zhang Xiaoxing,etal.Suppression of the periodic narrow-band noise withmixed frequencies in partial discharge on-line monitoring[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(13):121-127(inChinese).
[8]Kopf U,Feser K.Rejection of narrow-band noise andrepetitive pulses in on-site PD measurements[J].IEEETrans.on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,1995,2(6):1180.
[9]Nagesh V,Gururaj B I.Evaluation of digital filters forrejecting discrete spectral interference in on-site PDmeasurements[J].IEEE Trans.on Electrical Insulation,1993,28(1):73-85.
[10]唐炬,彭莉,谢颜斌.一种用于抑制白噪声的分层复阈值算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(21):25-30Tang Ju,Peng Li,Xie Yanbin.An algorithm of complexmultilvel threshold for reducing white noise[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(21):25-30(inChinese).
[11]许高峰,孙才新,唐炬,等.基于小波变换抑制GIS局部放电检测中白噪干扰的新方法研究[J].电工技术学报,2003,18(2):87-90.Xu Gaofeng,Sun Caixin,Tang Ju,et al.A new methodfor suppressing white noise in GIS PD monitoring bywavelet analysis[J].Transactions of ChinaElectrotechnical Society,2003,18(2):87-90(in Chinese).
[12]卢毅,韩志锟,陈瑜.基于能量比预处理的FFT窄带滤波方法的研究[J].东南大学学报:自然科学版,2010,40(5):948-951.Lu Yi,Han Zhikun,Chen Yu.FFT narrowband filteringmethod based on energy ratio pretreatment[J].Journal ofSoutheast University:Natural Science Edition,2010,40(5):948-951(in Chinese).
[13]韩志锟,饶曙勇,姜玉山,等.基于能量比法的输电线路行波故障测距[J].电网技术,2011,35(3):216-220.Han Zhikun,Rao Shuyong,Jiang Yushan,et al.Energyratio function-based traveling-wave fault location fortransmission lines[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(3):216-220(in Chinese).
[14]左国平,王彦春,隋荣亮.利用能量比法拾取地震初至的一种改进方法[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):35-37.Zuo Guoping,Wang Yanchun,Sui Rongliang.Animproved method for first arrival pickup using energyratio[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2004,43(4):35-37(in Chinese).
[15]黄成军,郁惟镛.基于小波分解的自适应滤波算法在抑制局部放电窄带周期干扰中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(1):107-111.Huang Chengjun,Yu Weiyong.Study of adaptive filteralgorithm based on wavelet analysis in suppressing PD'speriodic narrow bandwidth noise[J].Proceedings of theCSEE,2003,23(1):107-111(in Chinese).
[16]Donoho D L.De-noising by soft-thresholding[J].IEEETrans.on Information Theory,1995,41(3):612-627.
[17]Ma X,Zhou C,Kemp I J.Automated wavelet selectionand thresholding for PD detection[J].IEEE ElectricalInsulation Magazine,2002,18(2):37-47.
[18]杨纶标,高英仪.模糊数学原理及应用[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,2005:36-37.Yang Lunbiao,Gao Yingyi.Theory and application offuzzy mathematical[M].Guangzhou:South ChinaUniversity of Teehnolngy,2005:36-37(in Chinese).
[19]Zhou X,Zhou C,Kemp I J.An improved methodologyfor application of wavelet transform to partial dischargemeasurement denoising[J].IEEE Trans.on Dielectrics andElectrical Insulation,2005,12(3):586-594.
[20]Tang Ju,Zhou Qian,Tang Ming,et al.Study onmathematical model for VHF partial discharge of typicalinsulated defects in GIS[J].IEEE Trans.on Dielectrics andElectrical Insulation,2007,14(1):30-37.
[21]周力行.变压器局部放电检测中的小波包去噪算法[J].高电压技术,2001,27(1):19-21.Zhou Lixing.Wavelet packet de-noising arithmetic in PDdetecting transformer[J].High Voltage Engineering,2001,27(1):19-21(in Chinese).
[22]毕为民,唐炬,姚陈果,等.基于熵阈值的小波包变换抑制局部放电窄带干扰的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(5):128-131.Bi Weimin,Tang Ju,Yao Chenguo,et al.Simulation andexperiment study on wavelet packet decomposition basedon entropy threshold for DSI rejection of PD[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2003,23(5):128-131(inChinese).
[23]赵敏.FFT变换与小波变换在变压器局部放电信号去噪中的应用[J].变压器,2009,46(5):28-31.Zhao Min.Application of FFT and wavelet transforms tonoise elimination of transformer partial discharge signals[J].Transformer,2009,46(5):28-31(in Chinese).
[2]谢良聘,朱德恒.FFT频域分析算法抑制窄带干扰的研究[J].高电压技术,2000,26(4):6-8.Xie Liangpin,Zhu Deheng.Research of spectrum analysisbased on FFT for suppressing Narrow-band interference inPD signal[J].High Voltage Engineering,2000,26(4):6-8(in Chinese).
[3]徐淑珍,朱子述,秦松林,等.局部放电在线监测中周期性干扰的抑制[J].高电压技术,2001,27(1):32-34.Xu Shuzhen,Zhu Zishu,Qin Songlin,et al.Suppressionof the periodic pulse shaped interference for on-line PDmonitoring[J].High Voltage Engineering,2001,27(1):32-34(in Chinese).
[4]钱勇,黄成军,陈陈,等.多小波消噪算法在局部放电检测中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(6):89-95.Qian Yong,Huang Chengjun,Chen Chen,etal.Application of multi-wavelet based on denoisingalgorithm in partial discharge detection[J].Proceedings ofthe CSEE,2007,27(6):89-95(in Chinese).
[5]唐炬,孙才新,宋胜利,等.局部放电信号中的白噪声和窄带干扰[J].高电压技术,2002,28(12):8-10.Tang Ju,Sun Caixin,Song Shengli,et al.Application ofwavelet packet transform to the suppression of white-noise and periodic narrowband interference in partialdischarge signals[J].High Voltage Engineering,2002,28(12):8-10(in Chinese).
[6]唐炬,高丽,谢颜斌,等.复小波包变换抑制PD监测中周期性窄带干扰[J].高电压技术,2008,34(11):2355-2361.Tang Ju,Gao Li,Xie Yanbing,et al.Suppressing PD’speriodicity narrow band noise in the PD measurement byusing complex wavelet packet transform[J].High VoltageEngineering,2008,34(11):2355-2361(in Chinese).
[7]唐炬,黄江岸,张晓星,等.局部放电在线监测中混频周期性窄带干扰的抑制[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(13):121-127.Tang Ju,Huang Jiangan,Zhang Xiaoxing,etal.Suppression of the periodic narrow-band noise withmixed frequencies in partial discharge on-line monitoring[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(13):121-127(inChinese).
[8]Kopf U,Feser K.Rejection of narrow-band noise andrepetitive pulses in on-site PD measurements[J].IEEETrans.on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,1995,2(6):1180.
[9]Nagesh V,Gururaj B I.Evaluation of digital filters forrejecting discrete spectral interference in on-site PDmeasurements[J].IEEE Trans.on Electrical Insulation,1993,28(1):73-85.
[10]唐炬,彭莉,谢颜斌.一种用于抑制白噪声的分层复阈值算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(21):25-30Tang Ju,Peng Li,Xie Yanbin.An algorithm of complexmultilvel threshold for reducing white noise[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(21):25-30(inChinese).
[11]许高峰,孙才新,唐炬,等.基于小波变换抑制GIS局部放电检测中白噪干扰的新方法研究[J].电工技术学报,2003,18(2):87-90.Xu Gaofeng,Sun Caixin,Tang Ju,et al.A new methodfor suppressing white noise in GIS PD monitoring bywavelet analysis[J].Transactions of ChinaElectrotechnical Society,2003,18(2):87-90(in Chinese).
[12]卢毅,韩志锟,陈瑜.基于能量比预处理的FFT窄带滤波方法的研究[J].东南大学学报:自然科学版,2010,40(5):948-951.Lu Yi,Han Zhikun,Chen Yu.FFT narrowband filteringmethod based on energy ratio pretreatment[J].Journal ofSoutheast University:Natural Science Edition,2010,40(5):948-951(in Chinese).
[13]韩志锟,饶曙勇,姜玉山,等.基于能量比法的输电线路行波故障测距[J].电网技术,2011,35(3):216-220.Han Zhikun,Rao Shuyong,Jiang Yushan,et al.Energyratio function-based traveling-wave fault location fortransmission lines[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(3):216-220(in Chinese).
[14]左国平,王彦春,隋荣亮.利用能量比法拾取地震初至的一种改进方法[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):35-37.Zuo Guoping,Wang Yanchun,Sui Rongliang.Animproved method for first arrival pickup using energyratio[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2004,43(4):35-37(in Chinese).
[15]黄成军,郁惟镛.基于小波分解的自适应滤波算法在抑制局部放电窄带周期干扰中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(1):107-111.Huang Chengjun,Yu Weiyong.Study of adaptive filteralgorithm based on wavelet analysis in suppressing PD'speriodic narrow bandwidth noise[J].Proceedings of theCSEE,2003,23(1):107-111(in Chinese).
[16]Donoho D L.De-noising by soft-thresholding[J].IEEETrans.on Information Theory,1995,41(3):612-627.
[17]Ma X,Zhou C,Kemp I J.Automated wavelet selectionand thresholding for PD detection[J].IEEE ElectricalInsulation Magazine,2002,18(2):37-47.
[18]杨纶标,高英仪.模糊数学原理及应用[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,2005:36-37.Yang Lunbiao,Gao Yingyi.Theory and application offuzzy mathematical[M].Guangzhou:South ChinaUniversity of Teehnolngy,2005:36-37(in Chinese).
[19]Zhou X,Zhou C,Kemp I J.An improved methodologyfor application of wavelet transform to partial dischargemeasurement denoising[J].IEEE Trans.on Dielectrics andElectrical Insulation,2005,12(3):586-594.
[20]Tang Ju,Zhou Qian,Tang Ming,et al.Study onmathematical model for VHF partial discharge of typicalinsulated defects in GIS[J].IEEE Trans.on Dielectrics andElectrical Insulation,2007,14(1):30-37.
[21]周力行.变压器局部放电检测中的小波包去噪算法[J].高电压技术,2001,27(1):19-21.Zhou Lixing.Wavelet packet de-noising arithmetic in PDdetecting transformer[J].High Voltage Engineering,2001,27(1):19-21(in Chinese).
[22]毕为民,唐炬,姚陈果,等.基于熵阈值的小波包变换抑制局部放电窄带干扰的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(5):128-131.Bi Weimin,Tang Ju,Yao Chenguo,et al.Simulation andexperiment study on wavelet packet decomposition basedon entropy threshold for DSI rejection of PD[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2003,23(5):128-131(inChinese).
[23]赵敏.FFT变换与小波变换在变压器局部放电信号去噪中的应用[J].变压器,2009,46(5):28-31.Zhao Min.Application of FFT and wavelet transforms tonoise elimination of transformer partial discharge signals[J].Transformer,2009,46(5):28-31(in Chinese).
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