利用外部DEM辅助山区SAR立体像对匹配及地形制图
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摘要
SAR立体像对的匹配是利用雷达摄影测量技术提取地形高程信息的关键,匹配精度将直接影响结果 DEM的高程精度。针对山区SAR立体像对匹配过程中同名点选取困难的问题,引入外部粗分辨率DEM作为辅助数据,将该DEM高程转换为视差,为匹配提供初值,同时采用金字塔匹配策略,不仅可以缩小搜索范围,提高搜索效率,而且能够减少粗差的产生。试验结果表明,采用外部DEM辅助之后,匹配粗差点数量相对于传统的雷达摄影测量处理结果明显减少,从而有效地提高了高程信息提取重建的精度。
Matching between stereo SAR image pairs is crucial for Radargrammetry to extract height information,and the matching accuracy will directly influence the accuracy of resultant DEM.The homologous points are difficult to identify in StereoSAR image pair due to complex geometric and radiometric distortions.In this paper,a new method is proposed to improve the matching performance.According to this method,an external DEM of coarse resolution is utilized as the auxiliary data from which the initial parallax can be derived to facilitate the step of image matching.At the same time,a pyramid delamination matching scheme is adopted to reduce the search range and thus improve the matching efficiency and control the propagation of gross errors.The experimental results show that the gross errors on the resultant DEM are reduced significantly with assistance of external DEM,and the derived elevation accuracy is improved effectively.
Matching between stereo SAR image pairs is crucial for Radargrammetry to extract height information,and the matching accuracy will directly influence the accuracy of resultant DEM.The homologous points are difficult to identify in StereoSAR image pair due to complex geometric and radiometric distortions.In this paper,a new method is proposed to improve the matching performance.According to this method,an external DEM of coarse resolution is utilized as the auxiliary data from which the initial parallax can be derived to facilitate the step of image matching.At the same time,a pyramid delamination matching scheme is adopted to reduce the search range and thus improve the matching efficiency and control the propagation of gross errors.The experimental results show that the gross errors on the resultant DEM are reduced significantly with assistance of external DEM,and the derived elevation accuracy is improved effectively.
引文
[1]TOUTIN T,GRAY L.State of the Art of Elevation Extraction from Satellite SAR Data[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,2000,55:13-33.
[2]LEBERL F W.Radargrammetric Image Processing[M].Norwood:Artech House,1990.
[3]YOU Hongjian,DING Chibiao,FU Kun.SAR Image Locali-zation Using Rigorous SAR Collinearity Equation Model[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2007,36(2):158-162.(尤红建,丁赤飚,付琨.SAR图像对地定位的严密共线方程模型[J].测绘学报,2007,36(2):158-162.)
[4]ZHU Caiying,CAI Wangsen.Analytical Plotting Using Air SAR Stereo-images[J].Acta Geodaetica et Carto-graphica Sinica,1991,20(3):224-231.(朱彩英,蔡旺森.机载合成孔径雷达立体图像的解析测图[J].测绘学报,1991,20(3):224-231.)
[5]TOUTIN T.Evaluation of Radargrammetric DEM from RADARSAT Images in High Relief Areas[J].IEEETransactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2000,38(2):782-789.
[6]LIU M J,ZHANG J X,LIN Z J,et al.DEM Generation from RADARSAT Stereo Images in High Relief Areas[C]∥Proceedings of IGARSS.Seoul:[s.n.],2005:4708-4711.
[7]XING Shuai,XU Qing,JIN Guowang,et al.Research on Stereo Positioning among Optical&SAR Sensors[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2008,37(2):172-178.(刑帅,徐青,靳国旺,等.光学与SAR卫星遥感影像复合式"立体"定位技术的研究[J].测绘学报,2008,37(2):172-178.)
[8]RAGGAM H,GUTJAHR K,PERKO R,et al.Assessment of the Stereo-Radargrammetric Mapping Potential of Terra-SAR-X Multibeam Spotlight Data[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2010,48(2):971-977.
[9]CAPALDO P,CRESPI M,FRATARCANGELI F,et al.High-resolution SAR Radargrammetry:A First Application with COSMO-SkyMed Spotlight Imagery[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2011,8(6):1100-1104.
[10]LIAO Mingsheng,LIN Hui.SAR Interferometry-Theoryand Fundamental of Signal Processing[M].Beijing:Surveying and Mapping Press,2003.(廖明生,林珲.雷达干涉测量---原理与信号处理基础[M].北京:测绘出版社,2003.)
[11]YUAN Xiuxiao,MING Yang.A Novel Method of Multi-image Matching Using Image and Space Synthesis Information[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2009,38(3):216-222.(袁修孝,明洋.一种综合利用像方和物方信息的多影像匹配方法[J].测绘学报,2009,38(3):216-222.)
[12]PRADHAN B,BOLCH T,BUCHROITHNER M F.Elevation Modeling Using Radargrammetry:Case Study from Malaysia[C]∥Proceedings of12th AGILE International Conference on Geographic Information Science.Chicago:[s.n.],2009:1-11.
[13]OLIVEIRA C G,PARADELLA W R,SLIVA A Q.Assessment of Radargrammetric DSMs from TerraSAR-X Strip Map Images in a Mountainous Relief Area of the Amazon Region[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,2010,66(1):67-72.
[14]FAYARD F,MERIC S,POTTIER E.Matching Stereoscopic SAR Images for Radargrammetric Applications[C]∥Proceeding of IGARSS.Barcelona:[s.n.],2007:4364-4367.
[15]XIAO Guochao,ZHU Caiying.Radargrammetry[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2001.(肖国超,朱彩英.雷达摄影测量[M].北京:地震出版社,2001.)
[16]MACLEAN W J,TSOTSOS J K.Fast Pattern Recognition Using Normalized Grey-scale Correlation in a Pyramid Image Representation[J].Matching Vision Applications,2008,19(3):163-179.
[17]TUPIN F,NICOLAS J.Matching Criteria for Radargrammetry[C]∥Proceedings of IGARSS.Toronto:[s.n.],2002:2608-2610.
[18]XIE H,PIERCE L E,ULABY F T.Mutual Information based Registration of SAR Images[C]∥Proceedings ofIGARSS.Toulouse:[s.n.],2003:4028-4031.
[19]ZHANG Zuxun,ZHANG Jianqing.Digital Photogrammetry[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,1997.(张祖勋,张剑清.数字摄影测量学[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,1997.)
[20]CHEN Junyong.Quality Evaluation of Topographic Data from SRTM3and GTOPO30[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2005,30(11):941-944.(陈俊勇.对SRTM3和GTOPO30地形数据质量的评估[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2005,30(11):941-944.)
[21]ZHANG L,HE X,BALZ T,et al.Rational Function Modeling for Spaceborne SAR Datasets[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,2011,66(1):133-145.
[22]LU Lijun,ZHANG Jixian,WANG Teng.A DEM Mapping Method Assisted by External DEM with High Resolution InSAR Data in Complex Terrain Area[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2011,40(4):459-463.(卢丽君,张继贤,王腾.一种基于高分辨率雷达影像以及外部DEM辅助的复杂地形制图方法[J].测绘学报,2011,40(4):459-463.)
[2]LEBERL F W.Radargrammetric Image Processing[M].Norwood:Artech House,1990.
[3]YOU Hongjian,DING Chibiao,FU Kun.SAR Image Locali-zation Using Rigorous SAR Collinearity Equation Model[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2007,36(2):158-162.(尤红建,丁赤飚,付琨.SAR图像对地定位的严密共线方程模型[J].测绘学报,2007,36(2):158-162.)
[4]ZHU Caiying,CAI Wangsen.Analytical Plotting Using Air SAR Stereo-images[J].Acta Geodaetica et Carto-graphica Sinica,1991,20(3):224-231.(朱彩英,蔡旺森.机载合成孔径雷达立体图像的解析测图[J].测绘学报,1991,20(3):224-231.)
[5]TOUTIN T.Evaluation of Radargrammetric DEM from RADARSAT Images in High Relief Areas[J].IEEETransactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2000,38(2):782-789.
[6]LIU M J,ZHANG J X,LIN Z J,et al.DEM Generation from RADARSAT Stereo Images in High Relief Areas[C]∥Proceedings of IGARSS.Seoul:[s.n.],2005:4708-4711.
[7]XING Shuai,XU Qing,JIN Guowang,et al.Research on Stereo Positioning among Optical&SAR Sensors[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2008,37(2):172-178.(刑帅,徐青,靳国旺,等.光学与SAR卫星遥感影像复合式"立体"定位技术的研究[J].测绘学报,2008,37(2):172-178.)
[8]RAGGAM H,GUTJAHR K,PERKO R,et al.Assessment of the Stereo-Radargrammetric Mapping Potential of Terra-SAR-X Multibeam Spotlight Data[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2010,48(2):971-977.
[9]CAPALDO P,CRESPI M,FRATARCANGELI F,et al.High-resolution SAR Radargrammetry:A First Application with COSMO-SkyMed Spotlight Imagery[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2011,8(6):1100-1104.
[10]LIAO Mingsheng,LIN Hui.SAR Interferometry-Theoryand Fundamental of Signal Processing[M].Beijing:Surveying and Mapping Press,2003.(廖明生,林珲.雷达干涉测量---原理与信号处理基础[M].北京:测绘出版社,2003.)
[11]YUAN Xiuxiao,MING Yang.A Novel Method of Multi-image Matching Using Image and Space Synthesis Information[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2009,38(3):216-222.(袁修孝,明洋.一种综合利用像方和物方信息的多影像匹配方法[J].测绘学报,2009,38(3):216-222.)
[12]PRADHAN B,BOLCH T,BUCHROITHNER M F.Elevation Modeling Using Radargrammetry:Case Study from Malaysia[C]∥Proceedings of12th AGILE International Conference on Geographic Information Science.Chicago:[s.n.],2009:1-11.
[13]OLIVEIRA C G,PARADELLA W R,SLIVA A Q.Assessment of Radargrammetric DSMs from TerraSAR-X Strip Map Images in a Mountainous Relief Area of the Amazon Region[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,2010,66(1):67-72.
[14]FAYARD F,MERIC S,POTTIER E.Matching Stereoscopic SAR Images for Radargrammetric Applications[C]∥Proceeding of IGARSS.Barcelona:[s.n.],2007:4364-4367.
[15]XIAO Guochao,ZHU Caiying.Radargrammetry[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2001.(肖国超,朱彩英.雷达摄影测量[M].北京:地震出版社,2001.)
[16]MACLEAN W J,TSOTSOS J K.Fast Pattern Recognition Using Normalized Grey-scale Correlation in a Pyramid Image Representation[J].Matching Vision Applications,2008,19(3):163-179.
[17]TUPIN F,NICOLAS J.Matching Criteria for Radargrammetry[C]∥Proceedings of IGARSS.Toronto:[s.n.],2002:2608-2610.
[18]XIE H,PIERCE L E,ULABY F T.Mutual Information based Registration of SAR Images[C]∥Proceedings ofIGARSS.Toulouse:[s.n.],2003:4028-4031.
[19]ZHANG Zuxun,ZHANG Jianqing.Digital Photogrammetry[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,1997.(张祖勋,张剑清.数字摄影测量学[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,1997.)
[20]CHEN Junyong.Quality Evaluation of Topographic Data from SRTM3and GTOPO30[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2005,30(11):941-944.(陈俊勇.对SRTM3和GTOPO30地形数据质量的评估[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2005,30(11):941-944.)
[21]ZHANG L,HE X,BALZ T,et al.Rational Function Modeling for Spaceborne SAR Datasets[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,2011,66(1):133-145.
[22]LU Lijun,ZHANG Jixian,WANG Teng.A DEM Mapping Method Assisted by External DEM with High Resolution InSAR Data in Complex Terrain Area[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2011,40(4):459-463.(卢丽君,张继贤,王腾.一种基于高分辨率雷达影像以及外部DEM辅助的复杂地形制图方法[J].测绘学报,2011,40(4):459-463.)
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