复杂山区煤田三维地震数据采集技术研究
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摘要
在复杂的山区煤田三维地震勘探中,受地形和地表、地质条件的限制,使野外地震数据采集技术成为关健。文中结合在新安煤田三维地震勘探过程中遇到的复杂条件(地形极其复杂,相对高差大、潜水面变化不定、地表岩性横向变化大等),通过野外的试验对比,选择良好的地震激发和接收条件,应用非线性观测系统理论等多项技术措施,以保证野外地震记录的质量,从而更好地为下一步的地震数据处理与解释服务。研究结果表明:本勘探区内三维地震数据采集中,所采用的技术方法得当,效果明显,而且对具有相似地表、地质条件的地区具有借鉴作用。
It is difficult to acquire the 3-D seismic exploration data in coal field in the mountainous area due to complex topography and surface geology.The key is to find the appropriate acquisition technology which can be adopted in such areas.This paper mainly analyzes those complicated surface conditions in the course of the 3-D seismic exploration in mountainous Xin'an coal field,where the topography is extremely complicated,the relative height difference is big,the underground water level is fluctuating,and there is big lateral lithologic variation on the surface,and so on.We select the suitable excitation and receiving conditions by matching with the field survey results in the 3-D seismic exploration in coal field in mountains and apply many technical measures,such as the non-linear surveillance systems,to guarantee the quality of the seismic records so as to facilitate the seismic data processing and explanation at the next step.The research findings indicate that the technical methods used in the data gathering of the 3-D seismic exploration are effective,and have yielded good results.These methods are of reference value to the areas with similar surface geological conditions.
It is difficult to acquire the 3-D seismic exploration data in coal field in the mountainous area due to complex topography and surface geology.The key is to find the appropriate acquisition technology which can be adopted in such areas.This paper mainly analyzes those complicated surface conditions in the course of the 3-D seismic exploration in mountainous Xin'an coal field,where the topography is extremely complicated,the relative height difference is big,the underground water level is fluctuating,and there is big lateral lithologic variation on the surface,and so on.We select the suitable excitation and receiving conditions by matching with the field survey results in the 3-D seismic exploration in coal field in mountains and apply many technical measures,such as the non-linear surveillance systems,to guarantee the quality of the seismic records so as to facilitate the seismic data processing and explanation at the next step.The research findings indicate that the technical methods used in the data gathering of the 3-D seismic exploration are effective,and have yielded good results.These methods are of reference value to the areas with similar surface geological conditions.
引文
崔树果,刘怀山,魏继东.2004.山地地震勘探采集方法研究[J].西北地质,37(4):71—77.CUI Shu-guo,LIU Huai-shan,WEI Ji-dong.2004.Research on seismic acquisition methods in the mountainous area[J].Northwestern Geology,37(4):71—77(in Chinese).
李桂林,陶宗普,陈春强,等.2005.陆上高分辨率地震勘探炸药震源激发条件分析[J].石油物探,44(2):183—186.LI Gui-lin,TAO Zong-pu,CHENChun-qiang,et al.2005.Explosive energization condition analysis of high-resolutionseismic exploration offshore[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,44(2):183—186(in Chinese).
卢凤豪,徐中华,牛小军.2006.山区地震数据采集方法的技术难点与对策[J].中国煤田地质,18(增刊):58—59.LU Feng-hao,XU Zhong-hua,NIU Xiao-jun.2006.Technical difficulty of data gathering in seismic prospecting inmountainous region[J].Coal Geology of China,18(Suppl):58—59(in Chinese).
齐福勇,杨振邦,周卉丽.2005.高分辨率地震勘探采集技术[J].煤炭技术,24(7):90—91.QI Fu-yong,YANG Zhen-bang,ZHOU Hui-li.2005.Data gathering technology of high-resolution power earthquakeexploration[J].Coal Technology,24(7):90—91(in Chinese).
李桂林,陶宗普,陈春强,等.2005.陆上高分辨率地震勘探炸药震源激发条件分析[J].石油物探,44(2):183—186.LI Gui-lin,TAO Zong-pu,CHENChun-qiang,et al.2005.Explosive energization condition analysis of high-resolutionseismic exploration offshore[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,44(2):183—186(in Chinese).
卢凤豪,徐中华,牛小军.2006.山区地震数据采集方法的技术难点与对策[J].中国煤田地质,18(增刊):58—59.LU Feng-hao,XU Zhong-hua,NIU Xiao-jun.2006.Technical difficulty of data gathering in seismic prospecting inmountainous region[J].Coal Geology of China,18(Suppl):58—59(in Chinese).
齐福勇,杨振邦,周卉丽.2005.高分辨率地震勘探采集技术[J].煤炭技术,24(7):90—91.QI Fu-yong,YANG Zhen-bang,ZHOU Hui-li.2005.Data gathering technology of high-resolution power earthquakeexploration[J].Coal Technology,24(7):90—91(in Chinese).
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