剪切增稠液及阻尼器性能研究
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摘要
以聚苯乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯纳米粒子为分散介质,制备剪切增稠液(Shear Thickening Fluid,STF),研究以STF为工作介质的双出杆式阻尼器动态性能,利用流变仪测量STF流变特性。实验结果显示,STF粘度特性曲线呈现明显非线性:低剪切速率时轻微剪切变稀(shear thinning);达临界剪切速率后剪切增稠(shear thickening)。利用MTS对阻尼器进行不同频率、不同振幅加载条件下的动态测试,结果表明,阻尼器工作在STF剪切增稠区间时,STF粘度急剧增加,储能模量、耗能模量迅速增大,阻尼器输出力跃升,表现出巨大的吸收及耗能能力。采用以有效刚度、有效粘滞阻尼建立线性模型,定性评价STF阻尼器的弹性特性、阻尼特性。
A shear thickening fluid(STF) composed of polystyrene-ethyl acrylate(PST-EA) nanoparticles suspended in glycol was prepared and the dynamic properties of a damper as its application were investigated.The rheological properties of STF were measured including with a rheometer.Test results showed that the viscosity curves of STF can be divided into two regions including slight shear thinning at lower shear rate,significant shear thickening at critical shear rate and dynamic tests of a STF-filled damper were conducted by using a material test system(MTS) with varying excitation frequency and load amplitude.When the damper was subjected to external applied excitation at critical shear rate,the output force abruptly increases due to a steep rise in viscosity of STF,and a rise of energy-storage modulus and energy-loss modulus.It was indicated that STF has tremendous ability of energy-absorption and energy-dissipation.A linear model with effective stiffness and effective viscous damping was developed in order to evaluate qualitatively the elastic and damping characteristics of a STF-filled damper.
A shear thickening fluid(STF) composed of polystyrene-ethyl acrylate(PST-EA) nanoparticles suspended in glycol was prepared and the dynamic properties of a damper as its application were investigated.The rheological properties of STF were measured including with a rheometer.Test results showed that the viscosity curves of STF can be divided into two regions including slight shear thinning at lower shear rate,significant shear thickening at critical shear rate and dynamic tests of a STF-filled damper were conducted by using a material test system(MTS) with varying excitation frequency and load amplitude.When the damper was subjected to external applied excitation at critical shear rate,the output force abruptly increases due to a steep rise in viscosity of STF,and a rise of energy-storage modulus and energy-loss modulus.It was indicated that STF has tremendous ability of energy-absorption and energy-dissipation.A linear model with effective stiffness and effective viscous damping was developed in order to evaluate qualitatively the elastic and damping characteristics of a STF-filled damper.
引文
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[27]Mahfuz H,Clements F,Rangari V,et al.Enhanced stab resistance of armor composites with functionalized silica nanoparticles[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2009,105(6):064307-1-064307-7.
[28]刘君,熊党生,熊华超.剪切增稠流体浸渍Kevlar复合材料的防刺性能[J].南京理工大学学报(自然科学版),2010,34(2):271-274.LIU Jun,XIONG Dang-sheng,XIONG Hua-chao.Stab resistance of kevla composites impregnated with shear thickening fluid[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Techonlogy(Nature Science),2010,34(2):271-274.
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[2]贾九红,沈小要,杜俭业,等.粘性流体阻尼器的设计与试验[J].机械工程学报,2008,44(6):194-198.JIA Jiu-hong,SHEN Xiao-yao,DU Jian-ye,et al.Design and experimental research on fluid viscou dampers[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2008,44(6):194-198.
[3]Han Y M,Choi S B.Force-feedback control of a spherical haptic device featuring an electrorheological fluid[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2006,15(5):1438-1446.
[4]Li W H,Du H.Design and experimental evaluation of a magnetorheological brake[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2003,21(7):508-515.
[5]郭朝阳,宗路航,陈现敏,等.内通道式磁流变阻尼器及其减振控制研究[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(3):47-52.GUO Chao-yang,ZONG Lu-hang,CHEN Xian-min,et al.Vibration control with an inner-pass magnetorheological damper[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(3):47-52.
[6]关新春,黄永虎,胡少华,等.单出杆式磁流变阻尼器弹簧活塞蓄能器的设计与研究[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(2):130-133.GUAN Xin-chun,HUANG Yong-hu,HU Shao-hua,et al.Design method for spring accumulator of a single-ended MR damper[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(2):130-133.
[7]Wereley N M,Lindler J,Rosenfeld N,et al.Biviscous damping behavior in electrorheological shock absorbers[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2004,13(4):743-752.
[8]Zhang X Z,Li W H,Gong X L.Study on magnetorheological shear thickening fluid[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2008,17(1):015051.1-015051.6.
[9]Barnes H A.Shear-thickening(dilatancy)in suspensions of nonaggregating solid particles dispersed in newtonian liquids[J].Journal of Rheology,1989,33(2):329-366.
[10]Laun H M,Bung R,Schmidt F.Rheology of extremely shear thickening polymer dispersions(passively viscosity switch fluids)[J].Journal of Rheology,1991,35(6):999-1034.
[11]Hoffman R L.Explanations for the cause of shear thickening in concentrated colloidal suspensions[J].Journal of Rheology,1998,42(1):111-123.
[12]Xu Y L,Gong X L,Sun Y Q,et al.Evolution of the initial hole in vertically vibrated shear thickening fluids[J].Physical Review E,2011,83(5):056311-056318.
[13]Maranzano B J,Wagner N J.The effects of particle size on reversible shear thickening of concentrated colloidal dispersions[J].The Journal of Chemical Physics,2001,114(23):10514-10527.
[14]Brown E,Forman N A,Orellana C S,et al.Generality of shear thickening in dense suspensions[J].Nature Materials,2010,9(3):220-224.
[15]Xu Y L,Gong X L,Peng C,et al.Shear thickening fluids based on additives with different concentrations and molecular chain lengths[J].Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics,2010,23(3):342-346.
[16]Jiang W Q,Sun Y Q,Xu Y L,et al.Shear-thickening behavior of polymethylmethacrylate particles suspensions in glycerine-water mixtures[J].Rheologica Acta,2010,49(11-12):1157-1163.
[17]徐钰蕾,龚兴龙,江万权,等.剪切增稠液体的制备及其性能表征[J].功能材料,2007,38(S):3904-3906.XU Yu-lei,GONG Xing-long,JIANG Wan-quan,et al.Preparation and characterization of shear thickening fluid[J].Journal of Function Materials,2007,38(S):3904-3906.
[18]Wu Q M,Ruan J M,Huang B Y,et al.Rheological behavior of fumed silica suspension in polyethylene glycol[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology,2006,13(1):1-5.
[19]Boersma W H,Laven J,Stein H N.Computer-simulations of shear thickening of concentrated dispersions[J].Journal of Rheology,1995,39(5):841-860.
[20]Maranzano B J,Wagner N J.Flow-small angle neutron scattering measurements of colloidal dispersion microstructure evolution through the shear thickening transition[J].Journal of Chemical Physics,2002,117(22):10291-10302.
[21]Lee Y S,Wagner N J.Rheological properties and small-angle neutron scattering of a shear thickening,nanoparticle dispersion at high shear rates[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2006,45(21):7015-7024.
[22]Bossis G,Brady J F.The rheology of brownian suspensions[J].Journal of Chemical Physics,1989,91(3):1866-1874.
[23]Foss D R,Brady J F.Structure,diffusion and rheology of brownian suspensions by stokesian dynamics simulation[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2000,407:167-200.
[24]Galindo-Rosales F J,Rubio-Hernandez F J,Sevilla A.An apparent viscosity function for shear thickening fluids[J].Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,2011,166(5-6):321-325.
[25]Lim A S,Lopatnikov S L,Wagner N J,et al.Phenomenological modeling of the response of a dense colloidal suspension under dynamic squeezing flow[J].Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,2011,166(12-13):680-688.
[26]Lee Y S,Wetzel E D,Wagner N J.The ballistic impact characteristics of Kevlar(R)woven fabrics impregnated with a colloidal shear thickening fluid[J].Journal of Materials Science,2003,38(13):2825-2833.
[27]Mahfuz H,Clements F,Rangari V,et al.Enhanced stab resistance of armor composites with functionalized silica nanoparticles[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2009,105(6):064307-1-064307-7.
[28]刘君,熊党生,熊华超.剪切增稠流体浸渍Kevlar复合材料的防刺性能[J].南京理工大学学报(自然科学版),2010,34(2):271-274.LIU Jun,XIONG Dang-sheng,XIONG Hua-chao.Stab resistance of kevla composites impregnated with shear thickening fluid[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Techonlogy(Nature Science),2010,34(2):271-274.
[29]Zhang X Z,Li W H,Gong X L.The rheology of shear thickening fluid(STF)and the dynamic performance of an STF-filled damper[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2008,17(3):035027.1-035027.7.
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