土石坝坡抗震极限分析上限法
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摘要
基于极限分析的上限定理,提出一种土石坝极限抗震分析的新方法。该方法假定土体为理想刚塑性材料且满足相关联流动准则,将土石坝坡滑动体划分为若干水平土条,计算各滑动土条的外功率与内能耗散,然后通过能量平衡条件,利用优化算法确定土石坝的极限抗震能力。运用所提方法,对一典型心墙土石坝进行极限抗震能力分析,研究了水平条分数以及抗剪强度参数对极限抗震能力影响。计算结果表明,水平条分数对滑裂面形状影响较大而对大坝极限抗震能力影响较小。当水平条分数增加到一定数目时大坝极限抗震能力最终趋于一个稳定值。同时,堆石料的抗剪强度对大坝极限抗震能力影响较大。通过与传统的极限平衡法对比,验证了所提方法的正确性与可行性。
A new approach based on the limit analysis upper bound theorem is proposed to study the seismic stability of earth-rock dams.First,according to the upper bound analysis,a perfectly plastic soil model is assumed with an associated flow rule.Then,the dam slope is divided into horizontal slices with regarding the sliding surface as an arbitrary surface.In order to obtain the maximum anti-seismic capability of dams and the corresponding sliding surface,the multivariate function is established by the energy-work balance equation and optimized by intelligent algorithm.For the study of the influences of shear strength parameters and horizontal slice number on the maximum anti-seismic capability and the sliding surface,the new approach is applied to a typical earth-rock dam with core wall.It is shown by the results that the horizontal slice number has a great influence on the sliding surface but a small influence on the maximum anti-seismic capability.When the horizontal slices achieve a certain number,the maximum anti-seismic capability of dams is ultimately a stable value.Meanwhile,the shear strength parameters of the rockfill materials have a great influence on the maximum anti-seismic capability.Compared with the limit equilibrium method the result illustrates the correctness and feasibility of the proposed method.
A new approach based on the limit analysis upper bound theorem is proposed to study the seismic stability of earth-rock dams.First,according to the upper bound analysis,a perfectly plastic soil model is assumed with an associated flow rule.Then,the dam slope is divided into horizontal slices with regarding the sliding surface as an arbitrary surface.In order to obtain the maximum anti-seismic capability of dams and the corresponding sliding surface,the multivariate function is established by the energy-work balance equation and optimized by intelligent algorithm.For the study of the influences of shear strength parameters and horizontal slice number on the maximum anti-seismic capability and the sliding surface,the new approach is applied to a typical earth-rock dam with core wall.It is shown by the results that the horizontal slice number has a great influence on the sliding surface but a small influence on the maximum anti-seismic capability.When the horizontal slices achieve a certain number,the maximum anti-seismic capability of dams is ultimately a stable value.Meanwhile,the shear strength parameters of the rockfill materials have a great influence on the maximum anti-seismic capability.Compared with the limit equilibrium method the result illustrates the correctness and feasibility of the proposed method.
引文
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[2]李国英,沈婷,赵魁芝.高心墙堆石坝地震动力特性及抗震极限分析[J].水利水运工程学报,2010,(1):1-8.LI Guo-ying,SHEN Ting,ZHAO Kui-zhi.Seismicdynamic behavior and limit seismic analysis on high earthcore rock-fill dams[J].Hydro-Science and Engineering,2010,(1):1-8.
[3]DONALD I B,CHEN Z Y.Slope stability analysis by theupper bound approach:Fundamentals and methods[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1997,34:853-862.
[4]SLOAN S W.Upper bound limit analysis usingdiscontinuous velocity fields[J].Computer Methods inApplied Mechanics and Engineering,1995,127(1):293-314.
[5]陈惠发.极限分析与土体塑性[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1995.
[6]赵炼恒,罗强,李亮,等.层状岩体边坡动态稳定性拟静力上限分析[J].岩土力学,2010,9(3):3627-3634.ZHAO Lian-heng,LUO Qiang,LI Liang,et al.Upperbound quasi-static analysis of dynamic stability of layeredrock slopes[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,9(3):3627-3634.
[7]王均星,李泽.考虑孔隙水压力的土坡稳定性的有限元上限分析[J].岩土力学,2007,28(2):213-218.WANG Jun-xing,LI Ze.Upper bound analysis of stabilityof soil slope subjected to pore water pressure using finiteelements[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(2):213-218.
[8]沈振中,崔娟,任华春.土石坝抗震稳定性分析的极限平衡水平条分法[J].南水北调与水利科技,2011,9(3):145-166.SHEN Zhen-zhong,CUI Juan,REN Hua-chun.Quasi-static limit equilibrium horizontal slice method forseismic stability analysis of earth-rock dam[J].South-to-North Water Diversion and Water Science&Technology,2011,9(3):145-166.
[9]中国水利水电科学研究院.DL5073-2000水工建筑物抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2000.
[10]李湛,栾茂田.土石坝拟静力抗震稳定分析的强度折减有限元法[J].岩土力学,2010,31(5):1503-1508.LI Zhan,LUAN Mao-tian.Pseudo-static stabilitycalculation of earth and rockfill dams using shear strengthreduction finite element method[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2010,31(5):1503-1508.
[11]GEEM Z W,KIM J H,LOGANATHAN G V.Harmonysearch[J].Simulation,2001,76(2):60-68.
[12]李亮.智能优化算法在土坡稳定分析中的应用[D].大连:大连理工大学,2005.
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