金属矿山采空区群形成过程中围岩扰动规律研究
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摘要
以石人沟铁矿为工程背景,选取典型矿段,采用相似材料模型试验和数值模拟计算相结合的方法,对该区域内采空区群形成过程中围岩的应力应变的演变规律进行研究。首先,利用相似材料试验,对采空区顶板的应力和位移以及矿柱的应力演变规律进行系统分析。然后,用数值模拟软件,对采空区群形成过程中开采对围岩的扰动范围进行系统研究。研究结果表明,在采空区群形成过程中,围岩应力-应变演变规律与采空区单独开采差异较大,每个采空区的围岩应力应变始终处于动态变化中,尤其是处于群区域中间部位的采空区,该处围岩的应力-应变状态也是最差的。群区域中,由开采对围岩造成的扰动较单独开采时急剧增大,且最终的影响范围并不是单独开采的简单相加,说明在区域内形成一种采空区的"群效应",加剧采空区的危险程度。
Based on the engineering background of Shirengou iron mine,the evolution law of stress and strain of wall rock during formation process of goaf group in a typical ore blocks using similar material physical models and numerical simulation was researched.Firstly systematic analysis was made on evolution law of roof's stresses and displacements and pillar's stresses through the similarity material test.Secondly the disturbance range of wall-rock in the formation process of goaf group was systematically studyed using numerical simulation software.The results indicate that the evolution law of stresses and strains are great difference among goaf group and single exploitation.During the formation process,the stresses and strains of wall-rock are in dynamic development especially in the middle region of goaf group where the state of stresses and strains are worst.The disturbance to the wall-rock caused by mining in group region increases rapidly and the final disturbance range is not simple addition of which caused by mining single goaf.It is indicated that there is some "group effect" in the region that enhances the hazard grade of goaf.
Based on the engineering background of Shirengou iron mine,the evolution law of stress and strain of wall rock during formation process of goaf group in a typical ore blocks using similar material physical models and numerical simulation was researched.Firstly systematic analysis was made on evolution law of roof's stresses and displacements and pillar's stresses through the similarity material test.Secondly the disturbance range of wall-rock in the formation process of goaf group was systematically studyed using numerical simulation software.The results indicate that the evolution law of stresses and strains are great difference among goaf group and single exploitation.During the formation process,the stresses and strains of wall-rock are in dynamic development especially in the middle region of goaf group where the state of stresses and strains are worst.The disturbance to the wall-rock caused by mining in group region increases rapidly and the final disturbance range is not simple addition of which caused by mining single goaf.It is indicated that there is some "group effect" in the region that enhances the hazard grade of goaf.
引文
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[2]王纯祥,白世伟.三维地层信息系统与有限元方法集成研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21):36953699.WANG Chun-xiang,BAI Shi-wei.Study on integration of 3D strata information system and FEM[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(21):3695-3699.
[3]廖秋林,曾钱帮.基于ANSYS平台复杂地质体FLAC3D模型的自动生成[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(6):1010-1013.LIAO Qiu-lin,ZENG Qian-bang.Automatic model generation of complex geologic body with FLAC3Dbased on ANSYS platform[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(6):1010-1013.
[4]谢和平,陈忠辉,周宏伟,等.基于工程体和地质体相互作用的两体力学模型初探[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(9):1457-1464.XIE He-ping,CHEN Zhong-hui,ZHOU Hong-wei,et al.Study of two-body mechanical model based on interaction between structural body and geo-body[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(9):1 457-1 464.
[5]朱维申,李晓静,郭彦双,等.地下大型洞室群稳定性的系统性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(10):1689-1693.ZHU Wei-shen,LI Xiao-jing,GUO Yan-shuan,et al.Systematic study of stability of large underground houses[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(10):1689-1693.
[6]刘军,王迪.GPS-3D技术在采空区探测中的集成化应用[J].金属矿山,2009,44(增刊1):512-515.LIU Jun,WANG Di.Study on similar material for simulation of mining effect of rock mass at fault zone[J].Metal Mine,2009,44(Supp.1):512-515.
[7]陈钢,许维进,梁京华,等.浅层地震采空区探测计算机仿真正演[J].煤炭学报,1996,21(1):19-23.CHEN Gang,XU Wei-jin,LING Jing-hua,et al.Computer forward simulation for detecting mine-out area by shallow seismic reflection[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1996,21(1):19-23.
[8]赵国彦.金属矿隐伏采空区探测及其稳定性预测理论研究[博士论文D].长沙:中南大学,2010.
[9]过江,古德生,罗周全.金属矿山采空区3-D激光探测新技术[J].矿冶工程,2006,26(5):16-19.GUO Jiang,GU De-sheng,LUO Zhou-quan.A new technique of 3-D laser survey of finished stopes in metal mines[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2006,26(5):16-19.
[10]刘晓明,罗周全,杨承祥,等.基于实测的采空区稳定性数值模拟分析[J].岩土力学,2008,28(增刊):521526.LIU Xiao-ming,LUO Zhou-quan,YANG Cheng-xiang,et al.Analysis of stability of cavity based on cavity monitoring[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,28(Supp.):521-526.
[11]寇向宇,贾明涛,王李管,等.基于CMS及DIMINEFLAC3D耦合技术的采空区稳定性分析与评价[J].矿业工程研究,2010,25(1):31-35.KOU Xiang-yu,JIA Ming-tao,WANG Li-guan,et al.Evaluation and analysis of stability of mined-out area based on the CMS and DIMINE-FLAC3Dcoupling technique[J].Mineral Engineering Research,2010,25(1):31-35.
[12]罗周全,刘晓明,吴亚斌,等.基于Surpac和Phase-2耦合的采空区稳定性模拟分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2008,27(4):485-488.LUO Zhou-quan,LIU Xiao-ming,WU Ya-bin,et al.Study on cavity stability numerical simulation based on coupling of Surpac and Phase 2[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science),2008,27(4):485-488.
[13]宋卫东,杜建华,尹小鹏,等.金属矿山崩落法开采顶板围岩崩落机理与塌陷规律[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(7):1078-1078.SONG Wei-dong,DU Jian-hua1,YIN Xiao-peng,et al.Caving mechanism of hangingwall rock and rules of surface subsidence due to no-pillar sub-level caving method in an iron mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(7):1078-1078.
[14]Optech System Corporate.Cavity monitoring system wireless user manual[M].Canada:Optech System Corporate,2004.
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