露天矿广义边坡体系失稳流变突变研究
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摘要
为研究露天矿边坡安全管理与边坡自身失稳流变与突变过程间的关系,探寻利用流变突变理论研究露天矿山边坡失稳的方法,将露天矿边坡体系和边坡安全管理体系相结合,提出露天矿广义边坡体系。在此基础上,建立露天矿边坡安全流变突变模型。研究边坡失稳的正常生产流变、本质损伤流变、不稳定加速损伤以及突变等4个阶段的各个模型的作用机理与特点。结果表明,为保证广义边坡体系的稳定与安全,应提高负熵和组织结构有序度以延长体系的流变,尽量使边坡维持在正常生产流变阶段。同时,由于组织结构有序度对广义边坡体系突变点的影响,被合理安全管理的边坡,相对更不易发生突变。考虑到边坡安全管理的影响,通过FLAC3D模拟得到的安全系数更为保守。
In order to study the relationship between safety management and slope the rheology-mutation process of slope losing instability and seek ideas and methods for studying open-pit mine slope instability by rheology-mutation theory,the authors combined open-pit slope system with safety management system to form a generalized open-pit slope system.Arheology-mutation model was built for open-pit safety based on the generalized system.Action mechanisms and characteristics of 4 phases of slope failure were studied.Results show that to ensure stability and safety of the generalized slope system,the slope should be maintained in phase of normal production rheology as far as possible through prolonging rheology of system by means of improving negative entropy and order degree of organization structure,that open-pit slope under reasonable safety management is relatively less likely to mutate,and that bearing influence of slope safety management in mind,the safety coefficient obtained through FLAC3D is more conservative.
In order to study the relationship between safety management and slope the rheology-mutation process of slope losing instability and seek ideas and methods for studying open-pit mine slope instability by rheology-mutation theory,the authors combined open-pit slope system with safety management system to form a generalized open-pit slope system.Arheology-mutation model was built for open-pit safety based on the generalized system.Action mechanisms and characteristics of 4 phases of slope failure were studied.Results show that to ensure stability and safety of the generalized slope system,the slope should be maintained in phase of normal production rheology as far as possible through prolonging rheology of system by means of improving negative entropy and order degree of organization structure,that open-pit slope under reasonable safety management is relatively less likely to mutate,and that bearing influence of slope safety management in mind,the safety coefficient obtained through FLAC3D is more conservative.
引文
[1]李全明,付士根,王云海.露天开采边坡稳定性分析方法及灾害防治措施研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2007,17(2):55-60.LI Quan-ming,FU Shi-gen,WANG Yun-hai.Study on the method for stability analysis in open-pit slope and disaster prevention measures[J].China Safety Science Journal,2007,17(2):55-60.
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[3]李军.金属非金属露天矿山边坡安全管理建议[J].金属矿山,2010(10):172-175.LI Jun.Recommendations on the safety management of metal and nonmetal open-pit slope[J].Metal Mine,2010(10):172-175.
[4]何学秋,马尚权.安全科学的R-M基本理论模型研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2001,30(5):425-428.HE Xue-qiu,MA Shang-quan.Research on model of“R-M”theory in safety science[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2001,30(5):425-428.
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[6]张鑫,毛保华.基于安全流变理论的交通系统事故过程分析[J].中国安全科学学报,2004,14(1):19-21.ZHUANG Xin,MAO Bao-hua.Analysis of traffic system accident process based on theory of safety rheology[J].China Safety Science Journal,2004,14(1):19-21.
[7]李珞铭,吴超,王立磊.流变一突变论在预防硫化矿自燃中的应用研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2008,18(2):81-86.LI Luo-ming,WU Chao,WANG Li-lei.Research on application of rheology-mutation theory in prevention of sulfide ore spontaneous combustion[J].China Safety Science Journal,2008,18(2):81-86.
[8]刘艳梅,姜振寰.熵、耗散结构理论与企业管理[J].西安交通大学学报:社会科学版,2003,23(1):88-90.LIU Yan-mei,JIANG Zhen-huan.Entropy,dissipative structure theory and enterprise management[J].Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University∶Social Sciences,2003,23(1):88-90.
[9]张献国,高维.结构熵在企业组织机构评价中的应用[J].内蒙古大学学报,2008,39(2):201-205.ZHANG Xian-guo,GAO Wei.Application of structural entropy in estimation of enterprise organization[J].Journal of Inner Mongolia University,2008,39(2):201-205.
[10]姜永东,鲜学福.边坡失稳的尖点突变模型研究[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2008,30(1):40-42.JIANG Yong-dong,XIAN Xue-fu.Study on cusp catastrophe mutation of slope destability[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2008,30(1):40-42.
[11]殷有泉,杜静.地震过程的燕尾型突变模型[J].地震学报,1994,16(4):417-421.YIN You-quan,DU Jing.The model of govetail mutation during the occurring of earthquake[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1994,16(4):417-421.
[12]何学秋.安全科学与工程[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2008∶44-50.HE Xue-qiu.Safety Science and Technology[M].Xuzhou∶China Mining University Press,2008∶44-50.
[13]徐帅,李元辉,高振领,等.露天转地下不扩帮延伸开采对边坡稳定性影响研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011,20(4):608-612.XU Shuai,LI Yuan-hui,GAO Zhen-ling,et al.Effect of extension method without side slope expansion on slope stability from open-pit to underground mining[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2011,20(4):608-612.
[14]余伟健,高谦,张延凯,等.高陡边坡滑坡的潜在影响因素分析及安全评价[J].北京科技大学学报,2008,30(3):227-231.YU Wei-jian,GAO Qian,ZHANG Yan-kai,et al.Potential influencing factors analysis and safety evaluation of the landslide of high and steep slope[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2008,30(3):227-231.
[2]李维光,楼建国.降雨条件下顺层滑坡影响因素和稳定性分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2006,23(4):498-501.LI Wei-guang,LOU Jian-guo.Analysis of factors affecting along-bed landslide of rock mass and its stability under a rainfall condition[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2006,23(4):498-501.
[3]李军.金属非金属露天矿山边坡安全管理建议[J].金属矿山,2010(10):172-175.LI Jun.Recommendations on the safety management of metal and nonmetal open-pit slope[J].Metal Mine,2010(10):172-175.
[4]何学秋,马尚权.安全科学的R-M基本理论模型研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2001,30(5):425-428.HE Xue-qiu,MA Shang-quan.Research on model of“R-M”theory in safety science[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2001,30(5):425-428.
[5]刘艳红,罗周全.采空区失稳的安全流变-突变理论分析[J].工业安全与环保,2009,35(9):5-7.LIU Yan-hong,LUO Zhou-quan.Analysis of cavity instability on safety rheology-mutation[J].Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection,2009,35(9):5-7.
[6]张鑫,毛保华.基于安全流变理论的交通系统事故过程分析[J].中国安全科学学报,2004,14(1):19-21.ZHUANG Xin,MAO Bao-hua.Analysis of traffic system accident process based on theory of safety rheology[J].China Safety Science Journal,2004,14(1):19-21.
[7]李珞铭,吴超,王立磊.流变一突变论在预防硫化矿自燃中的应用研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2008,18(2):81-86.LI Luo-ming,WU Chao,WANG Li-lei.Research on application of rheology-mutation theory in prevention of sulfide ore spontaneous combustion[J].China Safety Science Journal,2008,18(2):81-86.
[8]刘艳梅,姜振寰.熵、耗散结构理论与企业管理[J].西安交通大学学报:社会科学版,2003,23(1):88-90.LIU Yan-mei,JIANG Zhen-huan.Entropy,dissipative structure theory and enterprise management[J].Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University∶Social Sciences,2003,23(1):88-90.
[9]张献国,高维.结构熵在企业组织机构评价中的应用[J].内蒙古大学学报,2008,39(2):201-205.ZHANG Xian-guo,GAO Wei.Application of structural entropy in estimation of enterprise organization[J].Journal of Inner Mongolia University,2008,39(2):201-205.
[10]姜永东,鲜学福.边坡失稳的尖点突变模型研究[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2008,30(1):40-42.JIANG Yong-dong,XIAN Xue-fu.Study on cusp catastrophe mutation of slope destability[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2008,30(1):40-42.
[11]殷有泉,杜静.地震过程的燕尾型突变模型[J].地震学报,1994,16(4):417-421.YIN You-quan,DU Jing.The model of govetail mutation during the occurring of earthquake[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1994,16(4):417-421.
[12]何学秋.安全科学与工程[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2008∶44-50.HE Xue-qiu.Safety Science and Technology[M].Xuzhou∶China Mining University Press,2008∶44-50.
[13]徐帅,李元辉,高振领,等.露天转地下不扩帮延伸开采对边坡稳定性影响研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011,20(4):608-612.XU Shuai,LI Yuan-hui,GAO Zhen-ling,et al.Effect of extension method without side slope expansion on slope stability from open-pit to underground mining[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2011,20(4):608-612.
[14]余伟健,高谦,张延凯,等.高陡边坡滑坡的潜在影响因素分析及安全评价[J].北京科技大学学报,2008,30(3):227-231.YU Wei-jian,GAO Qian,ZHANG Yan-kai,et al.Potential influencing factors analysis and safety evaluation of the landslide of high and steep slope[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2008,30(3):227-231.
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