数字检波器地震资料高保真宽频带处理技术
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摘要
与模拟检波器接收地震资料相比,数字检波器地震资料具有频带宽、振幅保真度高、噪声大的特点。本文基于喇嘛甸工区数字检波器接收的三维三分量地震数据,应用纵波资料开展针对高含水开发后期精细砂体描述的高分辨率处理技术研究,主要研发了4项关键技术,即不同处理阶段的噪声逐次压制技术、数据驱动振幅校正技术、反褶积之前的Q值相位校正与振幅补偿技术、地表一致性脉冲反褶积技术。通过井震结合精细砂体识别与描述,结果证实数字检波器数据的处理成果能够清晰刻画砂体边界。
Compared with seismic data collected by analog geophones,seismic data collected by digital sensors have an obvious priority,such as amplitude of high fidelity,rich high-frequency components.But they also have contaminated by serious noises.It is a valuable to find proper processing techniques for the seismic data collected by digital sensors to obtain high resolution images.In order to provide high quality images for oil development during high water cut stage,a 3D3C seismic survey was carried out in Lamadian area.Four kinds of data processing techniques have been developed,i.e.noise attenuating during different stages,data-driven amplitude recovery,phase correction and amplitude compensation guided by Q value before deconvolution,and surface-consistent spiking deconvolution.The results of sandstone identification by seismic data and drilling data have proved the advantages of the processing approaches of seismic data collected by digital sensors.The sandstone boundaries are clearly delineated.
Compared with seismic data collected by analog geophones,seismic data collected by digital sensors have an obvious priority,such as amplitude of high fidelity,rich high-frequency components.But they also have contaminated by serious noises.It is a valuable to find proper processing techniques for the seismic data collected by digital sensors to obtain high resolution images.In order to provide high quality images for oil development during high water cut stage,a 3D3C seismic survey was carried out in Lamadian area.Four kinds of data processing techniques have been developed,i.e.noise attenuating during different stages,data-driven amplitude recovery,phase correction and amplitude compensation guided by Q value before deconvolution,and surface-consistent spiking deconvolution.The results of sandstone identification by seismic data and drilling data have proved the advantages of the processing approaches of seismic data collected by digital sensors.The sandstone boundaries are clearly delineated.
引文
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[19]Wang Y.Qanalysis on reflection seismic data.GeophysicalResearchLetters,2003,31:L17606
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[22]Wang Y.A stable and efficient approach of inverse Qfiltering.Geophysics,2002,67(2):657～663
[23]Wang Y.Quantifying the effectiveness of stabilizedinverse Qfiltering.Geophysics,2003,68(1):337～345
[24]Wang Y.Inverse Qfilter for seismic resolution en-hancement.Geophysics,2006,71(3):51～60
[25]Levin S A.Surface-consistent deconvolution.Geo-physics,1989,54(2):1123～1133
[2]张宏乐,曹金栋.用于地球物理勘探的MEMS加速度检波器.石油仪器,2002,16(4):1～4Zhang Hongle,Cao Jindong.MEMS acceleration sen-sor for geophysical prospectiog.Petroleum Instru-ments,2002,16(4):1～4
[3]张丙和,崔樵,裴云广.新型三分量数字检波器DSU3.石油仪器,2005,19(4):39～40Zhang Binghe,Cui Qiao,Pei Yunguang.New three-component geophone-DSU3.Petroleum Instruments,2005,19(4):39～40
[4]张莉,解文荣,李秀荣.基于微电子系统(MEMS)加速度地震勘探三分量数字检波器简介.中国煤田地质,2006,18(2):57～59Zhang Li,Xie Wenrong,Li Xiurong.A brief Introduc-tion to acceleration triaxial digital geophone based onmicroelectronic mechanical system(MEMS).CoalGeology of China,2006,18(2):57～59
[5]郭建,马国庆,宗遐龄等.基于微机电系统的数字检波器及其应用.石油物探,2005,44(4):348～351Guo Jian,Ma Guoqing,Zong Xialing et al.Perform-ance and application of digital geophones based onMEMS.GPP,2005,44(4):348～351
[6]王梅生.数字检波器的应用及效果.物探装备,2007,17(4):235～240Wang Meisheng.Application and effect of digital ge-ophone.Equipment for Geophysical Prospecting,2007,17(4):235～240
[7]王喜双,董世泰,王梅生.全数字地震勘探技术应用效果及展望.中国石油勘探,2007,12(6):32～36Wang Xishuang,Dong Shitai,Wang Meisheng.Ap-plication and prospect of full digital seismic explora-tion technology.China Petroleum Exploration,2007,12(6):32～36
[8]高瑞祺,蔡希源.松辽盆地油气田形成条件和分布规律.北京:石油工业出版社,1997,47～103
[9]李延平,陈树民,宋永忠等.大庆长垣及以东泉三、四段扶杨油层浅水湖泊—三角洲体系沉积特征.大庆石油地质与开发,2005,24(5):13～18Li Yanping,Chen Shumin,Song Yongzhong et al.Shallow lacustrine-delta system deposition character-istics of Fuyang oil bed in Daqing placanticline andQuan3and Quan4 member to its east.PGODD,2005,24(5):13～18
[10]梁文福.喇嘛甸油田厚油层多学科综合研究及挖潜.大庆石油地质与开发,2008,27(2):68～72Liang Wenfu.Multidisciplinary study and potentialityanalysis on thick oil layers in Lamadian Oil field.PGODD,2008,27(2):68～72
[11]杜庆龙,朱丽红.喇萨杏油田特高含水期剩余油分布及描述技术.大庆石油地质与开发,2009,28(5):99～105Du Qinglong,Zhu Lihong.Remaining oil distributionand its description technology during ultra-high watercut stage in LA-SA-XING oilfield.PGODD,2009,28(5):99～105
[12]黄伏生,赵云飞,方亮.喇嘛甸油田厚油层精细控水挖潜技术.大庆石油地质与开发,2009,28(5):106～111Huang Fusheng,Zhao Yunfei,Fang Liang.Study ontechniques for fine water control and further develop-ment of thick reservoirs in Lamadian Oilfield.PGODD,2009,28(5):106～111
[13]Kjartansson E.Constant Qwave propagation and at-tenuation.Journal of Geophysical Research,1979,84(B9):4737～4748
[14]杨春梅,梁春生.多次波衰减技术的应用研究.天然气工业,2004,24(5):48～50Yang Chunmei,Liang Chunsheng.Applicatiom andresearch on multiple reflection attenuation technique.Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(5):48～50
[15]Hilterman F J.Amplitude of seismic wave-A quicklook.Geophysics,1975,40(2):745～762
[16]刘财,刘洋,王典.均匀倾斜层状地层中地震波球面扩散补偿方法研究.地球物理学进展,2004,19(3):590～595Liu Cai,Liu Yang,Wang Dian et al.A study onseismic wave spherical spreading compensation meth-od in homogeneous tilted bedded formation.Progressin Geophysics,2004,19(3):590～595
[17]凌云,高军,吴琳.时频空间域球面发散与吸收补偿.石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(2):176～182Ling Yun,Gao Jun,Wu Lin.Compensation forspherical dispersion and absorption in time-frequency-space domain.OGP,2005,40(2):176～182
[18]Hale D.Q-adaptive deconvolution.Stanford Explo-ration Project Report,1982,30:133～158
[19]Wang Y.Qanalysis on reflection seismic data.GeophysicalResearchLetters,2003,31:L17606
[20]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路.北京:石油工业出版社,1993
[21]Quan Y,Harris J M.Seismic attenuation tomographyusing the frequency shift method.Geophysics,1997,62(3):895～905
[22]Wang Y.A stable and efficient approach of inverse Qfiltering.Geophysics,2002,67(2):657～663
[23]Wang Y.Quantifying the effectiveness of stabilizedinverse Qfiltering.Geophysics,2003,68(1):337～345
[24]Wang Y.Inverse Qfilter for seismic resolution en-hancement.Geophysics,2006,71(3):51～60
[25]Levin S A.Surface-consistent deconvolution.Geo-physics,1989,54(2):1123～1133
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