基于组合赋权TOPSIS模型的城镇固定避难场所选址方法研究
|
摘要
固定避难场所选址是城镇防灾避难场所体系规划的关键。为定量评价候选避难场所,根据选址影响因素,建立包括灾害风险、区位规模和应急保障基础设施3个一级指标、9个二级指标的综合评价指标体系,并给出基于距离或面积的评价标准。提出采用层次分析法与熵值法组合赋权,基于TOPSIS的城镇固定避难场所选址评价模型。最后,对某市固定避难场所进行选址实例研究,佐证方法的适用性。
Selecting appropriate resident emergency congregate shelters is a key to set emergency shelter system in cities and towns.To make quantitative evaluations of candidate emergency shelters,the authors establish an evaluation system comprising 3 first-level indices and 9 second-level indices relating to such influential factors as risk of hazard,location & size and emergency function-ensuring infrastructure,and the evaluation criterion of each index are established.The indices are combination weighted through a combination of AHP and entropy method,and the candidate sites are assessed and arrayed in priority order by using TOPSIS model.Finally,resident emergency congregate shelters are selected by applying combination weighting TOPSIS method,which proves the applicability of this method.
Selecting appropriate resident emergency congregate shelters is a key to set emergency shelter system in cities and towns.To make quantitative evaluations of candidate emergency shelters,the authors establish an evaluation system comprising 3 first-level indices and 9 second-level indices relating to such influential factors as risk of hazard,location & size and emergency function-ensuring infrastructure,and the evaluation criterion of each index are established.The indices are combination weighted through a combination of AHP and entropy method,and the candidate sites are assessed and arrayed in priority order by using TOPSIS model.Finally,resident emergency congregate shelters are selected by applying combination weighting TOPSIS method,which proves the applicability of this method.
引文
[1]GB 50413—2007城市抗震防灾规划标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2007(GB 50413—2007 Standard forurban planning on earthquake resistance and hazardousprevention[S].Beijing:China Architecture and BuildingPress,2007(in Chinese))
[2]GB 21734—2008地震应急避难场所场址及配套设施[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008(GB 21734—2008Emergency shelter for earthquake disasters-site and itsfacilities[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2008(inChinese))
[3]东京都防灾议会.东京都地区防灾规划[M].袁一凡,译.北京:地震出版社,2004
[4]城市綠化技術開発機構.防災公園計画·設計ガィドラィン[M].東京:大藏生印刷局,1999(in Japanese))
[5]苏幼坡,王兴国.城镇防灾避难场所规划设计[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012
[6]周天颖,简甫任.紧急避难场所区位决策支持系统建立之研究[J].水土保持研究,2001,8(1):17-23(ZhouTianying,Jian Furen.Study on establishing the supportingsystem for location of the urgent refuge[J].Research ofSoil and Water Conservation,2001,8(1):17-23(inChinese))
[7]周晓猛,刘茂,王阳.紧急避难场所优化布局理论研究[J].安全与环境学报,2006,6(S1):118-121(ZhouXiaomeng,Liu Mao,Wang Yang.Emergency shelteramount confirm and location optimized[J].Journal ofSafety and Environment,2006,6(S1):118-121(inChinese))
[8]叶明武,王军,陈振楼,等.基于3S的城市绿地公园防震避难适宜性评价[J].自然灾害学报,2010,19(5):156-163(Ye Mingwu,Wang Jun,Chen Zhenlou,et al.Suitability evaluation of urban green park for earthquakedisaster prevention and refuge based on 3S technology[J].Journal of Natural Disaster,2010,19(5):156-163(inChinese))
[9]陈志芬,李强,陈晋.城市应急避难场所层次布局研究(Ⅱ)——三级层次选址模型[J].自然灾害学报,2010,19(5):13-19(Chen Zhifen,Li Qiang,Chen Jin.Study on hierarchical location of urban emergency shelters(Ⅱ):Journal of Natural Disaster,2010,19(5):13-19(inChinese))
[10]苏幼坡.城市灾害避难与避难疏散场所[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2006
[11]宋波.点面结合、科学规划、适应现代城市灾害特点的防灾减灾新视点[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(5):142-148(Song Bo.New perspective of urban disaster preventionand mitigation:integration of part and whole,scientificplanning and adaptation to the characteristics of modernurban disaster[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(5):142-148(in Chinese))
[12]周霖仪,刘志成,何佳洲.层次-熵值组合赋权法在雷达辐射源识别中的应用[J].指挥控制与仿真,2009,31(6):27-29(Zhou Linyi,Liu Zhicheng,He Jiazhou.Application of hierarchy-entropy combination assigning method in radar emitter recognition[J].Command Control&Simulation,2009,31(6):27-29(in Chinese))
[2]GB 21734—2008地震应急避难场所场址及配套设施[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008(GB 21734—2008Emergency shelter for earthquake disasters-site and itsfacilities[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2008(inChinese))
[3]东京都防灾议会.东京都地区防灾规划[M].袁一凡,译.北京:地震出版社,2004
[4]城市綠化技術開発機構.防災公園計画·設計ガィドラィン[M].東京:大藏生印刷局,1999(in Japanese))
[5]苏幼坡,王兴国.城镇防灾避难场所规划设计[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012
[6]周天颖,简甫任.紧急避难场所区位决策支持系统建立之研究[J].水土保持研究,2001,8(1):17-23(ZhouTianying,Jian Furen.Study on establishing the supportingsystem for location of the urgent refuge[J].Research ofSoil and Water Conservation,2001,8(1):17-23(inChinese))
[7]周晓猛,刘茂,王阳.紧急避难场所优化布局理论研究[J].安全与环境学报,2006,6(S1):118-121(ZhouXiaomeng,Liu Mao,Wang Yang.Emergency shelteramount confirm and location optimized[J].Journal ofSafety and Environment,2006,6(S1):118-121(inChinese))
[8]叶明武,王军,陈振楼,等.基于3S的城市绿地公园防震避难适宜性评价[J].自然灾害学报,2010,19(5):156-163(Ye Mingwu,Wang Jun,Chen Zhenlou,et al.Suitability evaluation of urban green park for earthquakedisaster prevention and refuge based on 3S technology[J].Journal of Natural Disaster,2010,19(5):156-163(inChinese))
[9]陈志芬,李强,陈晋.城市应急避难场所层次布局研究(Ⅱ)——三级层次选址模型[J].自然灾害学报,2010,19(5):13-19(Chen Zhifen,Li Qiang,Chen Jin.Study on hierarchical location of urban emergency shelters(Ⅱ):Journal of Natural Disaster,2010,19(5):13-19(inChinese))
[10]苏幼坡.城市灾害避难与避难疏散场所[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2006
[11]宋波.点面结合、科学规划、适应现代城市灾害特点的防灾减灾新视点[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(5):142-148(Song Bo.New perspective of urban disaster preventionand mitigation:integration of part and whole,scientificplanning and adaptation to the characteristics of modernurban disaster[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(5):142-148(in Chinese))
[12]周霖仪,刘志成,何佳洲.层次-熵值组合赋权法在雷达辐射源识别中的应用[J].指挥控制与仿真,2009,31(6):27-29(Zhou Linyi,Liu Zhicheng,He Jiazhou.Application of hierarchy-entropy combination assigning method in radar emitter recognition[J].Command Control&Simulation,2009,31(6):27-29(in Chinese))
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心