露天爆破振动对临近建筑的动力响应及降振措施研究
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摘要
为有效解决露天采场中深孔爆破振动对临近建筑可能产生的破坏问题。首先采用爆破振动信号测试系统对露天石灰石采场爆破振动进行两次实时监测,并且对原爆破参数下监测的爆破振动数据进行一元线性回归分析,得出该采场爆破振动波传播衰减规律。同时运用动力有限元数值分析方法,探讨爆破荷载作用下采场中深孔爆破振动对临近建筑的动力响应,最后将动力响应数值分析结果与现场监测结果进行对比分析。研究表明:动力响应数值分析方法得出的爆破振动速度波形图与现场监测所得基本一致,爆破振动速度和加速度的动力响应数值分析结果在变化规律和趋势上基本相似,改变露天爆破的起爆顺序以及爆破方向,对于降低爆破振动可以起到良好的效果。
In order to solve efficiently the problem that adjacent buildings might be destroyed by an open pit deep hole blasting vibration,the blasting vibration was firstly measured in real-time two times by using a blasting vibration signal measuring system in an open limestone site.The measured data under the original blasting parameters of the blasting vibration were processed with the one variant linear regression analysis.The attenuation law of blasting vibration wave propagation was obtained.At the same time,using the method of dynamic finite element analysis,the dynamic effects of the open pit deep hole blasting vibration on adjacent buildings were investigated under blasting load.Finally,the dynamic effects obtained using the numerical analysis and the field measured ones were compared.The results showed that the oscillograms of blasting vibration velocity obtained with the dynamic effects numerical analysis method agree well with those gained using field monitoring;the numerical analysis results of blasting vibration velocity and those of acceleration are basically similar to each other in change laws and trends;blasting vibration can be reduced when initiation sequence and blasting direction of open-air blasting are changed.
In order to solve efficiently the problem that adjacent buildings might be destroyed by an open pit deep hole blasting vibration,the blasting vibration was firstly measured in real-time two times by using a blasting vibration signal measuring system in an open limestone site.The measured data under the original blasting parameters of the blasting vibration were processed with the one variant linear regression analysis.The attenuation law of blasting vibration wave propagation was obtained.At the same time,using the method of dynamic finite element analysis,the dynamic effects of the open pit deep hole blasting vibration on adjacent buildings were investigated under blasting load.Finally,the dynamic effects obtained using the numerical analysis and the field measured ones were compared.The results showed that the oscillograms of blasting vibration velocity obtained with the dynamic effects numerical analysis method agree well with those gained using field monitoring;the numerical analysis results of blasting vibration velocity and those of acceleration are basically similar to each other in change laws and trends;blasting vibration can be reduced when initiation sequence and blasting direction of open-air blasting are changed.
引文
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[20]刘亚群,李海波,李俊如,等.爆破荷载作用下黄麦岭磷矿岩质边坡动态响应的UDEC模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21):3659-3663.LIU Ya-qun,LI Hai-bo,LI Jun-ru,et al.Udec simulation ondynamic response of rodk slope of huangmailing phosphoritemine under explosion[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2004,23(21):3659-3663.
[21]赵明生,张亚文,徐海波,等.不同微差间隔下爆破振动信号的反应谱分析[J].爆破,2011,28,(1):28-32.ZHAO Ming-sheng,ZHANG Ya-wen,XU Hai-bo et al.Response spectrum analysis of blasting vibration signal withdifferent microsecond delay time[J].Blasting,2011,28(1):28-32.
[22]蒋耀港,沈兆武,杨昌德.市内复杂环境下大药量爆破降振及振动监测分析的研究[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(1):156-161.JIANG Yao-gang,SHEN Zhao-wu,YANG Chang-de.Bigcharge blasting vibration damping and vibration monitoringanalysis under intracity complicated environment[J].Journalof Vibration and Shock,2012,31(1):156-161.
[2]Lu W B,Yang J H,Chen M,et al.An equivalent method forblasting vibration simulation[J].Simulation ModellingPractice and Theory,2011,19(9):2050-2062.
[3]李新平,陈俊桦,李友华,等.溪洛渡电站地下洞室群爆破地震效应的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(3):493-501.LI Xin-ping,CHEN Jun-hua,LI You-hua,et al.Study ofblasting seismic effects of underground chamber group inxiluodu hydropower station[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2010,29,(3):493-501.
[4]赵新涛,刘东燕.岩体软弱夹层对爆破震动信号影响的试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(2):161-165.ZHAO Xin-tao,LIU Dong-yan.Test for impact of softinterlayer on blasting vibration signal[J].Journal ofVibration and Shock,2012,31,(2):161-165.
[5]唐海,李海波,蒋鹏灿,等.地形地貌对爆破振动波传播的影响实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(9):1817-1827.TANG Hai,LI Hai-bo,JIANG Peng-can,et al.Experimental study on effect of topography on propagation ofblasting waves[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering.2007,26(9):1817-1827.
[6]唐海,李海波.反映高程放大效应的爆破振动公式研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(3):1540-1544.TANG Hai,LI Hai-bo.Study of blasting vibration formula ofreflecting amplification effect on elevation[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2011,32,(3):1540-1544.
[7]郑晋溪.萨道夫斯基公式在隧道中夹岩爆破振速分析中的适用性研究[J].福建科技建设,2011,(5):68-70.ZHENG Jin-xi.Applicability research of sadov’s vibrationformula in analyzing of tunnel blasting vibration velocity[J].Fujian Construction Science&Technology,2011,(5):68-70.
[8]李新平,汪斌.基于爆破相似律的地下厂房爆破振动速度分析[J].武汉理工大学学报,2011,33,(2):91-95.LI Xin-ping,WANG Bin.Analysis of blasting vibrationvelocity in underground powerhouse based on similarity law ofblasting[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2011,33(2):91-95.
[9]张立国,龚敏,于亚伦.爆破振动频率预测及其回归分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2005,24(2):187-189.ZHANG Li-guo,GONG Min,YU Ya-lun.Forecast andregression analysis of blasting vibration frequency[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University,2005,24,(2):187-189.
[10]刘治峰,张戈平,王炳恒.深孔爆破振动测试分析与降振措施[J].爆破,2010,27(1):107-110.LIU Zhi-feng,ZHANG Ge-ping,WANG Bing-heng.Deep-hole blasting vibration and drop shock test and analysis ofmeasures[J].Blasting,2010,27,(1):107-110.
[11]许名标,彭德红.岩质高陡边坡爆破降振技术研究[J].铁道建筑.2011,8:93-96.XU Ming-biao,PENG De-hong.Study on technology ofblasting vibration reduction in rock high and steep slope[J].Railway Engineering,2011,8:93-96.
[12]陈星明,邓永康.逐孔起爆技术在黄山石灰石矿山中的应用[J].爆破,2009,26(3):40-42.CHEN Xing-ming,DENG Yong-kang.Application of hole byhole blasting technique on huangshan limestone mine[J].Blasting,2009,26,(3):40-42.
[13]龚智辉,胡畏,吴祖松,等.爆破荷载作用下双洞大跨公路隧道之间的相互影响研究[J].公路工程,2011,36(4):60-66.GONG Zhi-hui,HU Wei,WU Zu-song,et al.The interactionresearch between large span road tunnels acted by the blastload[J].Highway Engineering,2011,36(4):60-66.
[14]刘春玲,祁生文,童立强,等.利用FLAC3D分析某边坡地震稳定性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2730-2733.LIU Chun-ling,QI Sheng-wen,TONG Li-qiang,et al.Stabilityanalysis of slope under earthquake with FLAC3D[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(16):2730-2733.
[15]陈占军,朱传云,周小恒.爆破荷载作用下岩石边坡动态响应的FLAC3D模拟研究[J].爆破,2005,22(4):8-13.CHEN Zhan-jun,ZHU Chuan-yun,ZHOU Xiao-heng.FLAC3D Simulation for dynamic response of rock slope underexplosion[J].Blasting,2005,22(4):8-13.
[16]Ramulu M,Chakraborty A K,Sitharam T G.Damageassessment of basaltic rock mass due to repeated blastingDamage assessment of basaltic rock mass due to repeatedblasting[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2009,(24):208-221.
[17]黄静波,范洁.岩溶隧道爆破安全振速的数值模拟研究[J].中外公路,2010,30,(3):218-221.HUANG Jing-bo,FAN Jie,et al.Numerical simulation ofsafety blasting vibration velocity in karst tunnel[J].Journalof China&Foreign Highway,2010,30(3):218-221.
[18]Osman A S.Stability of unlined twin tunnels in undrained clay[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2010,(25):290-296.
[19]Liu H I,Li P,Liu J Y.Numerical investigation of underlyingtunnel heaves during a new tunnel construction[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2010,(1).
[20]刘亚群,李海波,李俊如,等.爆破荷载作用下黄麦岭磷矿岩质边坡动态响应的UDEC模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21):3659-3663.LIU Ya-qun,LI Hai-bo,LI Jun-ru,et al.Udec simulation ondynamic response of rodk slope of huangmailing phosphoritemine under explosion[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2004,23(21):3659-3663.
[21]赵明生,张亚文,徐海波,等.不同微差间隔下爆破振动信号的反应谱分析[J].爆破,2011,28,(1):28-32.ZHAO Ming-sheng,ZHANG Ya-wen,XU Hai-bo et al.Response spectrum analysis of blasting vibration signal withdifferent microsecond delay time[J].Blasting,2011,28(1):28-32.
[22]蒋耀港,沈兆武,杨昌德.市内复杂环境下大药量爆破降振及振动监测分析的研究[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(1):156-161.JIANG Yao-gang,SHEN Zhao-wu,YANG Chang-de.Bigcharge blasting vibration damping and vibration monitoringanalysis under intracity complicated environment[J].Journalof Vibration and Shock,2012,31(1):156-161.
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