利用SMA钢框架结构振动被动控制振动台试验
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摘要
目的在钢框架结构中加入形状记忆合金(SMA)拉索,以减小钢框架结构在地震荷载作用下的动力反应.方法利用SMA斜拉索耗能器对三层钢框架结构模型的被动控制效果进行振动台试验.针对实际工程中钢框架结构在振动时,层间对角线两端的相对位移较大的特点,并考虑SMA拉索的初始预应变的影响,分别对钢框架结构进行有控制和无控制两种情况下的振动台试验.结果与无控状态时相比,装有SMA耗能装置的钢框架结构,顶层最大位移有明显减小,各层最大层间位移角也均大幅度减小,速度和加速度也明显降低,控制效果显著.同时,SMA滞回环饱满,耗能效果良好.结论在地震作用下,安装有SMA的钢框架结构的振动反应得到了有效控制,SMA的耗能效果良好.
The dynamic response control for a steel frame structure with shape memory alloy(SMA)tendons under seismic ground motions was experimentally researched in the paper.A three-story steel frame structure model installed the diagonal SMA tendons was tested in a shaking table to validate the efficiency of the passive vibration control.The structural model was designed and tested in the cases of controlled and uncontrolled conditions,respectively.Considering the relatively great displacement between adjacent two stories,the diagonal SMA tendons were installed in the model with a mount of pre-stress and phase change stress.Two kinds of experimental cases were considered.The experimental results showed that the displacement,the story drift angle and acceleration for each story were significantly reduced compared with the non-controlled structure.Meanwhile,the dissipation effect of the SMA damper was well for the well-rounded areas of the hysteretic loops.The vibration responses of the steel frame structure installed the SMA tendons has been greatly reduced with great dissipation efficiency for the SMA dampers.
The dynamic response control for a steel frame structure with shape memory alloy(SMA)tendons under seismic ground motions was experimentally researched in the paper.A three-story steel frame structure model installed the diagonal SMA tendons was tested in a shaking table to validate the efficiency of the passive vibration control.The structural model was designed and tested in the cases of controlled and uncontrolled conditions,respectively.Considering the relatively great displacement between adjacent two stories,the diagonal SMA tendons were installed in the model with a mount of pre-stress and phase change stress.Two kinds of experimental cases were considered.The experimental results showed that the displacement,the story drift angle and acceleration for each story were significantly reduced compared with the non-controlled structure.Meanwhile,the dissipation effect of the SMA damper was well for the well-rounded areas of the hysteretic loops.The vibration responses of the steel frame structure installed the SMA tendons has been greatly reduced with great dissipation efficiency for the SMA dampers.
引文
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[4]李惠,毛晨曦.新型SMA耗能器及结构地震反应控制试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(1):133-139.(Li Hui,Mao Chenxi.Experimental investigation ofearthquake response reduction of buildings w ith add-ed tw o types of SM A passive energy dissipation de-vices[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and En-gineering Vibration,2003,23(l):133-139.)
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[7]Ozbulut O E,Roschke P N,Lin P Y,et al.GA-basedoptimum design of a shape memory alloy device forseismic response mitigation[J].Smart M ater.Struct.,2010,19:65004-65017.
[8]San J J,No M L.Damping behavior during martensi-tic transformation in shape memory alloys[J].Jour-nal of Alloys and Compounds,2003,355(1/2):65-71.
[9]Mauro Dolce,Donatello Cardone.Mechanical behav-iour of shape memory alloys for seismic applica-tions,Austenite NiTi w ires subjected to tension[J].International Journal of M echanical Sciences,2001,43:2657-2677.
[10]巩建鸣,户伏寿昭.承受各种循环加载的TINi形状记忆合金的超弹性变形行为[J].功能材料,2002,33(4):391-393.(Gong Jianming,Tobu Shi Hisaaki.Superelastic de-formation behavior of TiNi shape memory alloy sub-jected to various cyclic loading[J].Journal of Func-tional M aterials,2002,33(4):391-393.)
[11]阎石,王琦,王伟.超弹性形状记忆合金丝力学性能试验[J].沈阳建筑大学学报:自然科学版,2010,26(3):458-463.(Yan Shi,Wang Qi,Wang Wei.Experimental re-search on mechanical performance for pseudo-elastic-ity of shape memory alloy[J].Journal of ShenyangJianzhu University:Natural Science,2010,26(3):458-463.)
[12]Tanaka K,Nagaki S.A thermomechanical descriptionof materials w ith internal variables in the process ofphase transformation[J].Archive of Applied M e-chanics(Ingenieur Archiv),1982,51:287-299.
[13]Liang C,Roger C A.One-dimensional thermome-chanical constitutive relations of shape memory M a-terials[J].Journal of M echanics and Physics of Sol-ids,1993,41(3):541-571.
[14]Brinson L C.One dimensional constitutive behaviorof shape memory alloys:thermomechanical deriva-tion w ith non-constant material functions[J].Journalof Intelligent M aterial Systems and Structure,1993,4(2):229-242.
[15]Clough R W,Penzien J.Dynamics of structures[M].New York:McGraw-Hill Book Co.Inc.,1993.
[16]王社良,苏三庆,沈亚鹏.形状记忆合金拉索被动控制结构地震响应分析[J].土木工程学报,2000,2(1):56-62.(Wang Sheliang,Su Sanqing,Shen Yapeng.Seismicresponse analysis for passive structural control w ithshape memory alloy tendons[J].China Civil Engi-neering Journal,2000,2(1):56-62.)
[2]韩玉林,李爱群,林萍华,等.基于形状记忆合金耗能器的框架振动控制试验研究[J].东南大学学报:自然科学版,2000,30(4):16-20.(Han Yulin,Li Aiqun,Lin Pinghua et al.Experimen-tal study of frame structure vibration control by usingshape memory alloy damper[J].Journal of SoutheastUniversity:Natural Science,2000,30(4):16-20.)
[3]左晓宝,李爱群,倪立峰,等.超弹性形状记忆合金丝(NiTi)力学性能的试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2004,37(12):10-16.(Zuo Xiaobao,Li Aiqun,Ni Lifeng,et al.An experi-mental study on the mechanical behavior of supere-lastic NiTi shape memory alloy w ires[J].China Civ-il Engineering Journal,2004,37(12):10-16.)
[4]李惠,毛晨曦.新型SMA耗能器及结构地震反应控制试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(1):133-139.(Li Hui,Mao Chenxi.Experimental investigation ofearthquake response reduction of buildings w ith add-ed tw o types of SM A passive energy dissipation de-vices[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and En-gineering Vibration,2003,23(l):133-139.)
[5]毛晨曦,李惠,欧进萍.形状记忆合金被动阻尼器及结构地震反应控制试验研究和分析[J].建筑结构学报,2005,26(3):38-44.(Mao Chenxi,Li Hui,Ou Jinping.Experimental andanalytical invest igations of shape memory alloy aspassive energy dissipation device for seismic re-sponse reduction of building[J].Journal of BuildingStructures,2005,26(3):38-44.)
[6]Tarefder Rafiqul A,Ma Ning,Song Gangbing.Dy-namic behavior of a tw o-story building frame bracedw ith SM A for vibration control[C]//Proceedings ofthe Tenth Biennial ASCE Aerospace Division Inter-national Conference on Engineering,Construction,and Operations in Challenging Environments(Earthand Space 2006),USA:Houston,2006.
[7]Ozbulut O E,Roschke P N,Lin P Y,et al.GA-basedoptimum design of a shape memory alloy device forseismic response mitigation[J].Smart M ater.Struct.,2010,19:65004-65017.
[8]San J J,No M L.Damping behavior during martensi-tic transformation in shape memory alloys[J].Jour-nal of Alloys and Compounds,2003,355(1/2):65-71.
[9]Mauro Dolce,Donatello Cardone.Mechanical behav-iour of shape memory alloys for seismic applica-tions,Austenite NiTi w ires subjected to tension[J].International Journal of M echanical Sciences,2001,43:2657-2677.
[10]巩建鸣,户伏寿昭.承受各种循环加载的TINi形状记忆合金的超弹性变形行为[J].功能材料,2002,33(4):391-393.(Gong Jianming,Tobu Shi Hisaaki.Superelastic de-formation behavior of TiNi shape memory alloy sub-jected to various cyclic loading[J].Journal of Func-tional M aterials,2002,33(4):391-393.)
[11]阎石,王琦,王伟.超弹性形状记忆合金丝力学性能试验[J].沈阳建筑大学学报:自然科学版,2010,26(3):458-463.(Yan Shi,Wang Qi,Wang Wei.Experimental re-search on mechanical performance for pseudo-elastic-ity of shape memory alloy[J].Journal of ShenyangJianzhu University:Natural Science,2010,26(3):458-463.)
[12]Tanaka K,Nagaki S.A thermomechanical descriptionof materials w ith internal variables in the process ofphase transformation[J].Archive of Applied M e-chanics(Ingenieur Archiv),1982,51:287-299.
[13]Liang C,Roger C A.One-dimensional thermome-chanical constitutive relations of shape memory M a-terials[J].Journal of M echanics and Physics of Sol-ids,1993,41(3):541-571.
[14]Brinson L C.One dimensional constitutive behaviorof shape memory alloys:thermomechanical deriva-tion w ith non-constant material functions[J].Journalof Intelligent M aterial Systems and Structure,1993,4(2):229-242.
[15]Clough R W,Penzien J.Dynamics of structures[M].New York:McGraw-Hill Book Co.Inc.,1993.
[16]王社良,苏三庆,沈亚鹏.形状记忆合金拉索被动控制结构地震响应分析[J].土木工程学报,2000,2(1):56-62.(Wang Sheliang,Su Sanqing,Shen Yapeng.Seismicresponse analysis for passive structural control w ithshape memory alloy tendons[J].China Civil Engi-neering Journal,2000,2(1):56-62.)
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