基于性能的重力坝设计指标选择
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摘要
介绍了基于性能的设计方法的发展与应用,对重力坝性能指标进行了初步探索。对坝体裂缝与重力坝性能的关系进行了讨论,并分析认为裂缝是致使重力坝性能降低的主要因素与表现形式。介绍了3种性能指标,并对3种指标各自的优劣进行了探讨。基于上述分析,提出使用坝顶下游侧水平位移作为重力坝的性能指标,并结合实例对这一指标的合理性进行了详细探讨。最后,探究了位移性能指标的改进方式。
In this paper,the development history and application of PBSD(Performance-Based Seismic Design) is introduced and research is done to determine the performance index of gravity dams.First,the relationship between cracking and the performance of gravity dams is discussed.Then it is concluded that cracking is the main factor lowering the performance.3 indexes raised by some scholars are robed into and the advantages and disadvantages of each index are discussed and presented in the context.Based on the analysis made above,the dam crest displacement is determined to be the performance index of gravity dams,and the reasons for supporting this attitude are listed in detail.Finally,one improved method of Performance Index based on crest displacement is put forward.
In this paper,the development history and application of PBSD(Performance-Based Seismic Design) is introduced and research is done to determine the performance index of gravity dams.First,the relationship between cracking and the performance of gravity dams is discussed.Then it is concluded that cracking is the main factor lowering the performance.3 indexes raised by some scholars are robed into and the advantages and disadvantages of each index are discussed and presented in the context.Based on the analysis made above,the dam crest displacement is determined to be the performance index of gravity dams,and the reasons for supporting this attitude are listed in detail.Finally,one improved method of Performance Index based on crest displacement is put forward.
引文
[1]李刚,程耿东.基于性能的结构抗震设计-理论、方法与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[2]小谷俊介.日本基于性能结构抗震设计方法的发展[J].建筑结构,2000,30(6):3-9.
[3]Qiang Xue,Chia-Wei Wu,Cheng-Chung Chen,et al.The draftcode for performance-based seismic design of buildings in Tai-wan[J].Engineering Structures,2008:1 535-1 547.
[4]Qiang Xue,Cheng-Chung Chen.Performance-based seismic disignof structures:a direct displacement-based approach[J].Engi-neering Structures,2003:1 803-1 813.
[5]贾立哲,段忠东.基于性能的地震工程理念的研究现状与分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2011,33(2).
[6]戴金华,韩小雷,林生逸.基于性能的钢筋混凝土建筑结构抗震设计方法[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(5).
[7]刘喜平.基于性能的结构抗震设计理论探讨[J].吉林建筑工程学院院报,2011,28(2):13-16.
[8]林皋.混凝土大坝抗震技术的发展现状与展望[J].水科学与工程技术,2004,(6).
[9]陈厚群.水工建筑物抗震设防标准研究[J].中国水利,2010,20:4-6.
[10]FEMA 273,1997,NEHRP guidelines for seismic rehabilitation ofbuildings[S].
[11]FEMA 356,2000,Prestandard and commentary for the seismicrehabilitation of buildings[S].
[12]FEMA 274,1997,NEHRP commentary on the guidelines forseismic rehabilitations of buildings[S].
[13]林皋,陈健云.混凝土大坝的抗震安全评价[J].水利学报,2001,(6):8-15.
[14]李同春,厉丹丹,王志强.基于有限元响应面法的重力坝抗拉可靠度分析[J].水利水运工程学报,2009,(4):100-104.
[15]李宗利,刘霞,周宁娜.高混凝土坝坝踵开裂对坝体静力学性能影响研究[J].水力发电,2009,(4):84-87.(下转第91页)
[16]SL50199-94,水利水电工程结构可靠度设计统一标准[S].
[17]涂劲,杜修力,陈厚群.有缝重力坝-地基系统地震反应分析方法[J].工程力学,1999:373-379.
[18]沈怀至,张楚汉,寇立夯.基于功能的混凝土重力坝地震破坏评价模型[J].清华大学学报,2007,47(12):2114-2118.
[19]钟红,李晓燕,林皋.基于破坏形态的重力坝地震易损性研究[J].大连理工大学学报,52(1):60-65.
[20]康旭升,李宗利.坝踵裂缝深度对混凝土重力坝可靠度的影响[J].人民黄河,2011,33(6):118-121.
[21]潘坚文,张楚汉,金峰.基于扩展有限元法的含纵向裂缝重力坝破坏分析[J].水力发电学报,2011,33(6):138-144.
[22]朱伯芳.关于水工建筑物抗震设计的几点思考[J].水利水电技术,2010,41(9):31-35.
[23]季昀,李同春.投资效益准则在基于性能的重力坝设计中的应用初探[J].中国水运,2012,12(2):133-139.
[24]顾冲时,吴中如.大坝与坝基安全监控理论和方法及其应用[M].南京:河海大学出版社,2006.
[2]小谷俊介.日本基于性能结构抗震设计方法的发展[J].建筑结构,2000,30(6):3-9.
[3]Qiang Xue,Chia-Wei Wu,Cheng-Chung Chen,et al.The draftcode for performance-based seismic design of buildings in Tai-wan[J].Engineering Structures,2008:1 535-1 547.
[4]Qiang Xue,Cheng-Chung Chen.Performance-based seismic disignof structures:a direct displacement-based approach[J].Engi-neering Structures,2003:1 803-1 813.
[5]贾立哲,段忠东.基于性能的地震工程理念的研究现状与分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2011,33(2).
[6]戴金华,韩小雷,林生逸.基于性能的钢筋混凝土建筑结构抗震设计方法[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(5).
[7]刘喜平.基于性能的结构抗震设计理论探讨[J].吉林建筑工程学院院报,2011,28(2):13-16.
[8]林皋.混凝土大坝抗震技术的发展现状与展望[J].水科学与工程技术,2004,(6).
[9]陈厚群.水工建筑物抗震设防标准研究[J].中国水利,2010,20:4-6.
[10]FEMA 273,1997,NEHRP guidelines for seismic rehabilitation ofbuildings[S].
[11]FEMA 356,2000,Prestandard and commentary for the seismicrehabilitation of buildings[S].
[12]FEMA 274,1997,NEHRP commentary on the guidelines forseismic rehabilitations of buildings[S].
[13]林皋,陈健云.混凝土大坝的抗震安全评价[J].水利学报,2001,(6):8-15.
[14]李同春,厉丹丹,王志强.基于有限元响应面法的重力坝抗拉可靠度分析[J].水利水运工程学报,2009,(4):100-104.
[15]李宗利,刘霞,周宁娜.高混凝土坝坝踵开裂对坝体静力学性能影响研究[J].水力发电,2009,(4):84-87.(下转第91页)
[16]SL50199-94,水利水电工程结构可靠度设计统一标准[S].
[17]涂劲,杜修力,陈厚群.有缝重力坝-地基系统地震反应分析方法[J].工程力学,1999:373-379.
[18]沈怀至,张楚汉,寇立夯.基于功能的混凝土重力坝地震破坏评价模型[J].清华大学学报,2007,47(12):2114-2118.
[19]钟红,李晓燕,林皋.基于破坏形态的重力坝地震易损性研究[J].大连理工大学学报,52(1):60-65.
[20]康旭升,李宗利.坝踵裂缝深度对混凝土重力坝可靠度的影响[J].人民黄河,2011,33(6):118-121.
[21]潘坚文,张楚汉,金峰.基于扩展有限元法的含纵向裂缝重力坝破坏分析[J].水力发电学报,2011,33(6):138-144.
[22]朱伯芳.关于水工建筑物抗震设计的几点思考[J].水利水电技术,2010,41(9):31-35.
[23]季昀,李同春.投资效益准则在基于性能的重力坝设计中的应用初探[J].中国水运,2012,12(2):133-139.
[24]顾冲时,吴中如.大坝与坝基安全监控理论和方法及其应用[M].南京:河海大学出版社,2006.
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