梁钢筋部分移置梁侧楼板的现浇混凝土框架抗震性能研究
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摘要
汶川地震中损坏的楼板与梁整体现浇的钢筋混凝土框架结构几乎全部是"强梁弱柱"型破坏,这是由于多年来建筑设计中,框架梁的钢筋配置过多和抗震设计规范中规定的框架柱相对于框架梁的受弯强度放大系数偏小。2010年颁布实施的《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB 50011—2010)适当提高了该放大系数,但仍不能根本解决地震时柱先于梁破坏的问题。分析混凝土结构设计的全过程,发现"强梁弱柱"型破坏的主要原因,即该种结构的梁上部配置钢筋过多。对罕遇地震作用下减少梁上部钢筋的两个实际工程进行弹塑性时程计算,结果表明:减少梁上部钢筋可改善楼板与梁整体现浇混凝土框架结构的抗震性能,同时降低了造价,且方便施工。
Almost all of the damaged cast-in-place reinforced concrete frame structures in the Wenchan earthquake are in the form of strong-beam and weak-column mechanism damage.Too much top-reinforcement than required at beam ends and too small moment amplification factor of the columns have caused "strong-beam and weak-column" damages.Code for seismic design of buildings GB 50011—2010 increased the moment amplification factor for columns,it is still not enough to stop the fact that columns are more prone to damage than beams.Elasto-plastic time-history analyses are conducted for two structures with reduced reinforcements in the upper part of the beams,subjected to rare earthquakes.The results show that the seismic performance of the cast-in-place reinforced concrete frame structures has been greatly improved and the construction costs reduced.
Almost all of the damaged cast-in-place reinforced concrete frame structures in the Wenchan earthquake are in the form of strong-beam and weak-column mechanism damage.Too much top-reinforcement than required at beam ends and too small moment amplification factor of the columns have caused "strong-beam and weak-column" damages.Code for seismic design of buildings GB 50011—2010 increased the moment amplification factor for columns,it is still not enough to stop the fact that columns are more prone to damage than beams.Elasto-plastic time-history analyses are conducted for two structures with reduced reinforcements in the upper part of the beams,subjected to rare earthquakes.The results show that the seismic performance of the cast-in-place reinforced concrete frame structures has been greatly improved and the construction costs reduced.
引文
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[18]王依群,刘中吉,冉令譞.二级抗震等级异形柱框架结构抗震性能评价[J].天津大学学报,2008,41(2):209-214(Wang Yiqun,Liu Zhongji,Ran Lingxuan.Assessment on RC frame structures with specially shapedcolumns in earthquake-resistant gradeⅡ[J].Journal ofTianjin University,2008,41(2):209-214(in Chinese))
[19]GB 50010—2010混凝土结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010(GB 50010—2010 Code for designof concrete structures[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2010(in Chinese))
[20]过镇海.混凝土的强度和本构关系——原理与应用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004
[21]王依群.平面结构弹塑性地震响应分析软件NDAS2D及其应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006
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[2]《汶川地震建筑震害调查与灾后重建分析报吿》编委会.汶川地震建筑震害调查与灾后重建分析报吿[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008
[3]李英民,刘立平.汶川地震建筑震害与思考[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2008
[4]同济大学土木工程防灾国家重点实验室.汶川地震震害[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2008
[5]冯远,刘宜丰,肖克艰.来自汶川大地震亲历者的第一手资料——结构工程师的视界与思考[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009(Feng Yuan,Liu Yifeng,XiaoKejian.Experience the Wenchuan earthquake—structuralenginees point and view[M].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2009(in Chinese))
[6]王亚勇,黄卫.汶川地震建筑震害启示录[M].北京:地震出版社,2009
[7]徐有邻.汶川地震震害调查及对建筑结构安全的反思[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009
[8]清华大学,西南交通大学,重庆大学,等.汶川地震建筑震害分析及设计对策[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009
[9]王翠坤,杨沈.汶川地震对建筑结构设计的启示[J].震灾防御技术,2008,3(3):230-236(Wang Cuikun,Yang Shen.Some thought on building structure inspiredfrom Wenchuan earthquake[J].Technology for EarthquakeDisaster Prevention,2008,3(3):230-236(in Chinese))
[10]GB 50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010(GB 50011—2010 Code for seismicdesign of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2010(in Chinese))
[11]杨红,王七林,白绍良.双向水平地震作用下我国框架的“强柱弱梁”屈服机制[J].建筑结构,2010,40(8):71-76(Yang Hong,Wang Qilin,Bai Shaoliang.Strongcolumn-weak beam mechanism for RC frames in Chinaunder bi-directional horizontal seismic excitation[J].Building Structure,2010,40(8):71-76(in Chinese))
[12]BS EN 1998-1:2004 Eurocode 8:design of structures forearthquake resistance—Part 1:general rules,seismicactions and rules for buildings[S].London:BritishStandards Institution,2005
[13]ACI Committee 318.Building code requirements for structuralconcrete(ACI 318-08)and commentary(318R-08)[S].Farmington Hills:.American Concrete Institute,2008
[14]吴勇,雷汲川,杨红,等.板筋参与梁端负弯矩承载力问题的探讨[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2002,24(3):33-37(Wu Yong,Lei Jichuan,Yang Hong,et al.Discussion onnegative flexural strength of beams including slabs[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2002,24(3):33-37(in Chinese))
[15]颜方毅.由四川汶川大地震震害引发的思考——浅谈现浇钢筋混凝土框架梁端负弯矩钢筋的合理配置[J].福建建筑,2008(10):96-97(Yan Fangyi.Reflection fromSichuan Wenchuan earthquake wreck—brief introduction onthe control of tendons used in negative moment zone of RCframe beams[J].Fujian Architecture&Construction,2008(10):96-97(in Chinese))
[16]蒋永生,陈忠范,周绪平,等.整浇梁板的框架节点抗震研究[J].建筑结构学报,1994,15(6):11-16(JiangYongsheng,Chen Zhongfan,Zhou Xuping,et al.Aseismicresearch on RC frame joint of monolithically casted slab[J].Journal of Building Structures,1994,15(6):11-16(in Chinese))
[17]刘光明,杨红,邹胜斌,等.基于新规范的钢筋混凝土框架抗震性能评价[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2004,26(1):40-49(Liu Guangming,Yang Hong,Zou Shengbin,et al.Seismic assessment of RC frame structure based onnew design codes[J].Journal of Chongqing JianzhuUniversity,2004,26(1):40-49(in Chinese))
[18]王依群,刘中吉,冉令譞.二级抗震等级异形柱框架结构抗震性能评价[J].天津大学学报,2008,41(2):209-214(Wang Yiqun,Liu Zhongji,Ran Lingxuan.Assessment on RC frame structures with specially shapedcolumns in earthquake-resistant gradeⅡ[J].Journal ofTianjin University,2008,41(2):209-214(in Chinese))
[19]GB 50010—2010混凝土结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010(GB 50010—2010 Code for designof concrete structures[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2010(in Chinese))
[20]过镇海.混凝土的强度和本构关系——原理与应用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004
[21]王依群.平面结构弹塑性地震响应分析软件NDAS2D及其应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006
[22]北京市建筑设计研究院.建筑结构专业技术措施[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2007
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