窗间墙锚固配筋砖混结构教学楼抗震性能试验研究
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摘要
为改善砖混结构教学楼的抗震性能,通过对其纵向窗间墙局部配筋并在墙体两端采用竖向钢筋进行锚固配筋,按照1/2的缩尺比例设计了2个砖混子结构模型。采用拟静力试验分别对普通窗间墙和配筋窗间墙的子结构模型的破坏模式、承载能力、变形能力、刚度退化、延性、耗能性能以及窗间墙的破坏模式和纵墙的破坏机制等进行了分析。结果表明:普通窗间墙模型表现为层间破坏机制,窗间墙发生剪切破坏,纵墙发生"强梁弱柱"式破坏;窗间墙局部配筋并进行锚固的模型发生整体型破坏,窗间墙弯曲破坏,纵墙的破坏机制具有"强柱弱梁"特征,层间变形均匀,模型的破坏形态、耗能能力和延性等均得到改善。
Quasi-static tests on two half-scale two-story brick-concrete sub-structure models were carried out in order to improve the seismic performance of brick-concrete masonry school buildings.The wall piers between openings were partially reinforced with horizontal reinforcements that were reliably anchored using vertical reinforcements.The failure modes,load bearing capacity,deformability,rigidity degradation,ductility and hysteretic behavior of the two models,as well as failure modes of piers and failure mechanism of longitudinal walls were investigated.The results indicate that a story mechanism occurs in ordinary masonry model with the piers failing in shear failure.And the longitudinal walls exhibit strong spandrel-weak pier failure mechanism.However,partially reinforced wall piers are characterized by flexural failure with horizontal cracking in the mortar bed joints.Spandrels are severely damaged due to the formation of global failure mechanism.Strong pier-weak spandrel failure mechanism is guaranteed with uniform drift distribution.The level of damage,energy dissipation capacity and ductility of model are significantly improved.
Quasi-static tests on two half-scale two-story brick-concrete sub-structure models were carried out in order to improve the seismic performance of brick-concrete masonry school buildings.The wall piers between openings were partially reinforced with horizontal reinforcements that were reliably anchored using vertical reinforcements.The failure modes,load bearing capacity,deformability,rigidity degradation,ductility and hysteretic behavior of the two models,as well as failure modes of piers and failure mechanism of longitudinal walls were investigated.The results indicate that a story mechanism occurs in ordinary masonry model with the piers failing in shear failure.And the longitudinal walls exhibit strong spandrel-weak pier failure mechanism.However,partially reinforced wall piers are characterized by flexural failure with horizontal cracking in the mortar bed joints.Spandrels are severely damaged due to the formation of global failure mechanism.Strong pier-weak spandrel failure mechanism is guaranteed with uniform drift distribution.The level of damage,energy dissipation capacity and ductility of model are significantly improved.
引文
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[2]清华大学,西南交通大学,重庆大学,等.汶川地震建筑震害分析及设计对策[M].北京:建筑工业出版社,2009:40-43.
[3]史庆轩,杨坤,王秋维.汶川大地震村镇中小学建筑的震害调查和分析[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2008,40(5):601-607.(SHI Qingxuan,YANG Kun,WANG Qiuwei.Earthquake damageinvestigation and analysis of rural primary and middleschool buildings in Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journalof Xi’an University of Architecture&Technology:Natural Science Edition,2008,40(5):601-607.(inChinese))
[4]周强,孙柏涛.汶川地震中极震区砌体结构教学楼典型震害分析[J].震灾防御技术,2010,5(4):467-476.(ZHOU Qiang,SUN Baitao.Seismic damageanalysis of typical masonry teaching buildings inmeizoseismic area of Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,2010,5(4):467-476.(in Chinese))
[5]雷涛,李碧雄,顺远坤,等.汶川地震中绵竹市中小学校舍震害调查分析[J].建筑结构,2009,39(11):58-62.(Lei Tao,Li Bixiong,Shun Yuankun,et al.Damage investigation and analysis on school buildings inMianzhu during Wenchuan Earthquake[J].BuildingStructure,2009,39(11):58-62.(in Chinese))
[6]刘清阳.汶川大地震砖混结构房屋震害调查[J].山东建筑大学学报,2008,23(6):555-559.(LIUQingyang.Damage investigation of the masonrybuildings in great Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal ofShandong Jianzhu University,2008,23(6):555-559.(in Chinese))
[7]赵统,张新培,田志鹏.汶川地震中小学砖混结构教学楼震害特征分析[J].世界地震工程,2009,25(3):150-158.(ZHAO Tong,ZHANG Xinpei,TIANZhipeng.Analysis of earthquake damage to masonryschool buildings in Wenchuan Earthquake[J].WorldEarthquake Engineering,2009,25(3):150-158.(inChinese))
[8]李碧雄,雷涛,邓建辉,等.汶川地震中学校建筑震害研究[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2009,41(3):172-179.(LI Bixiong,LEI Tao,DENG Jianhui,et al.Investigation on the damage of school buildingsduring Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of SichuanUniversity:Engineering Science Edition,2009,41(3):172-179.(in Chinese))
[9]孙柏涛,周强,杨玉成.乡镇中小学校舍抗震抗倒安居安学设防目标:汶川地震北川擂鼓镇中小学校舍震害原因探究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2011,31(2):1-10.(SUN Baitao,ZHOU Qiang,YANGYucheng.Seismic fortification objects of rural primaryand middle schools:the damage cause study for primaryand middle school buildings of Leigu Town,BeichuanCounty in Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal ofEarthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2011,31(2):1-10.(in Chinese))
[10]白家荣,史庆轩,陈曦虎,等.汶川大地震西安市中小学建筑的震害调查和分析[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2009,7(2):30-32.(BAI Jiarong,SHIQingxuan,CHEN Xihu,et al.Investigation andanalysis on seismic damages of primary and middle schoolbuildings in Xi’an City under Wenchuan LargeEarthquake[J].Journal of Water Resources andArchitectural Engineering,2009,7(2):30-32.(inChinese))
[11]熊立红,杜修力,陆鸣,等.5.12汶川地震中多层房屋典型震害规律研究[J].北京工业大学学报,2008,34(11):1166-1171.(XIONG Lihong,DU Xiuli,LUMing,et al.Damage of multistory buildings during the2008 Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of BeijingUniversity of Technology,2008,34(11):1166-1171.(in Chinese))
[12]赵西平,郭华,杨鹏.绵竹市中小学校舍震害破坏特征分析及抗震对策研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2008,40(5):703-707.(ZHAOXiping,GUO Hua,YANG Peng.Analysis of earthquakedisasters for the school buildings in Mianzhu City,andthe research of countermeasures against earthquake[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture&Technology:Natural Science Edition,2008,40(5):703-707.(in Chinese))
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