边坡爆破开挖中减震沟合理尺寸的确定
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摘要
开挖减震沟是降低爆破地震效应的有效措施,而其合理尺寸的确定不仅能够节约成本,而且也能加快施工进度。通过数值模拟对太原西山某边坡台阶爆破开挖时,减震沟的合理尺寸的确定进行了研究并指导实际施工,结果表明:对于该边坡,单排炮孔作用时,减震沟的合理长度约为炮孔覆盖区域长度的2.5倍,而其合理深度超过炮孔深度或者更深;减震沟的减震率与其长度和深度有很大关系,但减震率并不是随着长度和深度的增加而无限增加,当其达到某一值时,减震率趋于恒定。
The excavation of damping groove is an effective measure to reduce the blasting seismic effect.The determination of reasonable size can not only cost less,but hasten the construction progress.Through a numerical simulation on Taiyuan Xi Shan slope blasting excavation,the reasonable design of damping ditch size was studied.Results show that,for the slope,a single row of holes construction,reasonable length of damping ditch should be close to 2.5 times the length of the holes coverage area and the reasonable depth shoulb be deeper than the hole base.Damping ratio has a close relationship to length and depth,but which won't increase unlimitedly with increasing size.When its size reaches to a certain value,the damping rate will tend to keep constant.
The excavation of damping groove is an effective measure to reduce the blasting seismic effect.The determination of reasonable size can not only cost less,but hasten the construction progress.Through a numerical simulation on Taiyuan Xi Shan slope blasting excavation,the reasonable design of damping ditch size was studied.Results show that,for the slope,a single row of holes construction,reasonable length of damping ditch should be close to 2.5 times the length of the holes coverage area and the reasonable depth shoulb be deeper than the hole base.Damping ratio has a close relationship to length and depth,but which won't increase unlimitedly with increasing size.When its size reaches to a certain value,the damping rate will tend to keep constant.
引文
[1]郭涛,高振儒,范磊,等.不同位置条件下减震沟减震效应的数值模拟[J].爆破器材,2010,39(2):7-9.[1]GUO Tao,GAO Zhen-ru,FAN Lei,et al.Numerical simu-lation of damping effect of damping ditch with different lo-cation[J].Explosive Materials,2010,39(2):7-9.(inChinese)
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[7]谢永生.预裂爆破技术在边坡保护中的应用[J].冶金矿山设计与建设,1999,31(5):20-22.[7]XIE Yong-sheng.Application of presplit blasting tech-nique in slope protection[J].Metal Mine Design&Con-struction,1999,31(5):20-22.(in Chinese)
[8]许红涛,卢文波,周小恒.爆破震动场动力有限元模拟中爆破荷载的等效施加方法[J].武汉大学学报,2008,41(1):67-71.[8]XU Hong-tao,LU Wen-bo,ZHOU Xiao-heng.An equivalentapproach for acting blasting load in dynamic finite elementsimulation of blasting vibration[J].Engineering Journal ofWuhan University,2008,41(1):67-71.(in Chinese)
[9]JOSEF Henrych.The dynamic of explosion and its use[M].New York:Elsevier Scientific PublishingCompany,1979.
[2]余德运,杨军,赵明生.减震沟对台阶爆破地震波减震机理探讨[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(2):244-247.[2]YU De-yun,YANG Jun,ZHAO Ming-sheng.Study on theabsorption mechanism of damping bitch to the vibrationwave in bench blasting[J].Journal of China Coal Socie-ty,2011,36(2):244-247.(in Chinese)
[3]文潮,王占江,李运良,等.预制沟槽对爆破震动阻隔效应的实验研究[J].地下空间与工程学,2012,8(2):345-351.[3]WEN Chao,WANG Zhan-jiang,LI Yun-liang,et al.Ex-perimental study on effect of prefabricated damping ditch/slot on reduction of blasting wave[J].Chinese Journal ofUnderground Space and Engineering,2012,8(2):345-351.(in Chinese)
[4]易长平,陈明,卢文波,等.减震沟减震的数值模拟[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2005,38(1):49-52.[4]YI Chang-ping,CHEN Ming,LU Wen-bo,et al.Numeri-cal simulation for damping effect of damping ditch[J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,2005,38(1):49-52.(in Chinese)
[5]梁开水,陈天珠,易长平.减震沟减震效果的数值模拟研究[J].爆破,2006,23(3):18-21.[5]LIANC Kai-shui,CHEN Tian-zhu,YI Chang-ping.Nu-merical simulation for vibration-isolating effect of vibra-tion-isolating slot[J].Blasting,2006,23(3):18-21.(inChinese)
[6]蒋伯杰,邹奕芳,易长平.减震槽减震效果的动力有限元数值模拟研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2004(8):89-91.[6]JIANG Bo-jie,ZOU Yi-fang,YI Chang-ping.The dynamicfem numerical simulation for the vibration-isolating effectof vibration-isolating slot[J].China Rural Water and Hy-dropower,2004(8):89-91.(in Chinese)
[7]谢永生.预裂爆破技术在边坡保护中的应用[J].冶金矿山设计与建设,1999,31(5):20-22.[7]XIE Yong-sheng.Application of presplit blasting tech-nique in slope protection[J].Metal Mine Design&Con-struction,1999,31(5):20-22.(in Chinese)
[8]许红涛,卢文波,周小恒.爆破震动场动力有限元模拟中爆破荷载的等效施加方法[J].武汉大学学报,2008,41(1):67-71.[8]XU Hong-tao,LU Wen-bo,ZHOU Xiao-heng.An equivalentapproach for acting blasting load in dynamic finite elementsimulation of blasting vibration[J].Engineering Journal ofWuhan University,2008,41(1):67-71.(in Chinese)
[9]JOSEF Henrych.The dynamic of explosion and its use[M].New York:Elsevier Scientific PublishingCompany,1979.
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