低渗透气藏水平井开发技术难点及攻关建议——以鄂尔多斯盆地为例
摘要
鄂尔多斯盆地蕴含上、下古生界两套气藏,地质复杂程度高,非均质性强,大规模运用水平井开发的实践虽然形成了相关的配套开发技术,基本上实现了低渗透气藏的高效开发,但未来提升单井产能的技术攻关方向仍不明确。为此,将以苏里格气田为代表的上古生界气藏和以靖边气田为代表的下古生界气藏作为研究对象,对282口水平井从构造、沉积、储层、地震、钻井、改造等方面进行了整体研究。结果表明:长庆气区已形成的储层预测及精细描述技术等5项特色水平井技术系列是有效、实用的,但仍面临着3项急需攻克的瓶颈难题,可以从储层定量表征、小幅度构造识别及描述、水平井开发井网优化及提高采收率、水平井改造技术攻关、降低开发成本新策略等5个方面共17项技术措施入手进行攻关,以进一步降低低渗透气藏开发风险并提升单井产能。
The Ordos Basin contains two kinds of gas reservoirs lying respectively in the Upper and Lower Paleozoic formations,and they are both featured by complex geological characteristics and great heterogeneity.Although there have been technical know-how to support the large-scale horizontal drillings for highly effective development of low-permeability gas reservoirs,the way of improving single well production remains unclear.In view of this,an overall study was made of the structures,depositions,reservoir strata,seismic features,drilling features and possible further EOR stimulation treatment of 282 wells located respectively on the Sulige Gas Field representing the Upper Paleozoic gas reservoirs and on the Jingbian Gas Field representing the Lower Paleozoic gas reservoirs.The result indicates that the 5 acquired techniques for horizontal wells on the Changqing Gas Field such as reservoir prediction and refined description are effectively viable,but there are still three technical difficulties remained unsettled,which,however,can be tackled for mitigating the risk in the development of low-permeability reservoirs and improving single well production by utilizing 17 techniques in the following aspects: reservoir quantitative characterization,identification and description of low-amplitude structure,measures of optimizing the pattern and enhancing the recovery rate of horizontal wells,horizontal well reconstructing techniques,and new strategies of cutting down development cost.
The Ordos Basin contains two kinds of gas reservoirs lying respectively in the Upper and Lower Paleozoic formations,and they are both featured by complex geological characteristics and great heterogeneity.Although there have been technical know-how to support the large-scale horizontal drillings for highly effective development of low-permeability gas reservoirs,the way of improving single well production remains unclear.In view of this,an overall study was made of the structures,depositions,reservoir strata,seismic features,drilling features and possible further EOR stimulation treatment of 282 wells located respectively on the Sulige Gas Field representing the Upper Paleozoic gas reservoirs and on the Jingbian Gas Field representing the Lower Paleozoic gas reservoirs.The result indicates that the 5 acquired techniques for horizontal wells on the Changqing Gas Field such as reservoir prediction and refined description are effectively viable,but there are still three technical difficulties remained unsettled,which,however,can be tackled for mitigating the risk in the development of low-permeability reservoirs and improving single well production by utilizing 17 techniques in the following aspects: reservoir quantitative characterization,identification and description of low-amplitude structure,measures of optimizing the pattern and enhancing the recovery rate of horizontal wells,horizontal well reconstructing techniques,and new strategies of cutting down development cost.
引文
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[9]刘振武,撒利明,张昕,等.中国石油开发地震技术应用现状和未来发展建议[J].石油学报,2009,30(5):711-721.LIU Zhenwu,SA Liming,ZHANG Xin.Current applicationand future development of production seismology in Pet-roChina[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(5):711-721.
[10]颜磊,刘立宏,李永明,等.水平井重复压裂技术在美国巴肯油田的成功应用[J].国外油田工程,2010,26(12):21-25.YAN Lei,LIU Lihong,LI Yongming.Repeated fracturingtechnology in horizontal wells succeed in Bakken Oilfield[J].Foreign Oilfield Engineering,2010,26(12):21-25.
[2]胡朝元,钱凯,王秀芹,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界多藏大气田形成的关键因素及气藏性质的嬗变[J].石油学报,2010,31(6):879-884.HU Chaoyuan,QIAN Kai,WANG Xiuqin,et al.Criticalfactors for the formation of an upper Paleozoic giant gasfield with multiple gas reservoirs in Ordos Basin and thetransmutation of gas reservoir properties[J].Acta PetroleiSinica,2010,31(6):879-884.
[3]李义军,李进步,杨仁超,等.苏里格气田东二区致密砂岩储层裂缝与含气性的关系[J].天然气工业,2012,32(6):28-30.LI Yijun,LI Jinbu,YANG Renchao,et al.Relationshipbetween gas bearing capacity and reservoir fractures oftight sand reservoirs in the eastern Block 2of the SuligeGas Field[J].Natural Gas Industry,2012,32(6):28-30.
[4]曹成寿,张耀刚,贾浩民,等.靖边气田水平井试气新工艺、新技术及应用[J].天然气工业,2010,30(7):48-51.CAO Chengshou,ZHANG Yaogang,JIA Haomin,et al.New stimulation technologies on horizontal wells in Jingbi-an gas fields[J].Natural Gas Industry,2010,30(7):48-51.
[5]窦伟坦,刘新社,王涛.鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田地层水成因及气水分布规律[J].石油学报,2010,31(5):767-773.DOU Weitan,LIU Xinshe,WANG Tao.The origin of for-mation water and the regularity of gas and water distribu-tion for the Sulige gas field,Ordos Basin[J].Acta PetroleiSinica,2010,31(5):767-773.
[6]刘钰铭,侯加根,宋保全,等.辫状河厚砂层内部夹层表征——以大庆喇嘛甸油田为例[J].石油学报,2011,32(5):836-841.LIU Yuming,HOU Jiagen,SONG Baoquan,et al.Charac-terization of interlayers within braided-river thick sand-stones:A case study on the Lamadian Oilfield in Daqing[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(5):836-841.
[7]ZENG Hongliu,HENTZ Tucker F.High frequency se-quence stratigraphy from seismic sedimentology:Appliedto Miocene,Vermilion Block 50,Tiger Shoal area,offshoreLouisiana[J].AAPG Bulletin,2004,88(2):153-174.
[8]张宏,董宁,郑浚茂,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东部奥陶系古沟槽三维地震识别方法[J].石油学报,2010,31(3):415-419.ZHANG Hong,DONG Ning,ZHENG Junmao.3Dseismicidentification technique for Ordovician erosion flutes in theeastern Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(3):415-419.
[9]刘振武,撒利明,张昕,等.中国石油开发地震技术应用现状和未来发展建议[J].石油学报,2009,30(5):711-721.LIU Zhenwu,SA Liming,ZHANG Xin.Current applicationand future development of production seismology in Pet-roChina[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(5):711-721.
[10]颜磊,刘立宏,李永明,等.水平井重复压裂技术在美国巴肯油田的成功应用[J].国外油田工程,2010,26(12):21-25.YAN Lei,LIU Lihong,LI Yongming.Repeated fracturingtechnology in horizontal wells succeed in Bakken Oilfield[J].Foreign Oilfield Engineering,2010,26(12):21-25.
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