桩伴侣与基桩抗震的概念设计
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摘要
地下室外墙、承台侧壁等侧向构件承担水平荷载具有很大的不确定性,常规采用的低承台桩基有可能承受较大的甚至导致破坏的水平力,建议用桩伴侣改善传统基桩的构造形式,特别是对于承台与桩间土摩擦力小或者桩身范围地基土模量低的两类状况。在罕遇地震时,作为抗震概念设计的耗能构件,首先牺牲伴侣,避免或延迟桩头的破坏;复合地基如果设计不当会破坏或削弱褥垫层隔震的效果,可在伴侣与桩之间预留缓冲空间。
It is uncertain that the lateral components such as basement wall and cap side wall bearing horizontal load,so the conventional pile foundation with low cap might endure lateral force that is larger,and even cause its damage.The applying of pile partner to improve traditional foundation pile structure form is put for ward,especially when there is few frictional force between pile cap and soil,or the soil modulus is small.The partner can be component for anti-earthquake concept design under rare earthquake action,pile partner may be sacrificed firstly to keep pile perform well.The improper design of composite foundation will destroy or weaken the isolation effect of pillow,and can be solved by reserving buffer space between pile and partner.
It is uncertain that the lateral components such as basement wall and cap side wall bearing horizontal load,so the conventional pile foundation with low cap might endure lateral force that is larger,and even cause its damage.The applying of pile partner to improve traditional foundation pile structure form is put for ward,especially when there is few frictional force between pile cap and soil,or the soil modulus is small.The partner can be component for anti-earthquake concept design under rare earthquake action,pile partner may be sacrificed firstly to keep pile perform well.The improper design of composite foundation will destroy or weaken the isolation effect of pillow,and can be solved by reserving buffer space between pile and partner.
引文
[1]Sugimura Yoshihiro,et al.Earthquake Damage and Its Reproductive Experiment of Perstressed High Strength Concrete Pile[R].Transactions of the Architectural Institute of Japan,1984,(340):40-50(in Japanese)
[2]古和田明,et al.Investigation of Damage to Pile Foundation due to the1995Hyougoken Nanbu Earthquake and Analysis of its Failure Mechanism:Part1Damage Investigation Summaries of Technical Papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan[A].B-1,Structures I,Loads,Reliability Stress Analyses Foundation Structures Shell Structures[C].Space Frames and Membrane Structures,1997:711～712.(in Japanese)
[3]Sugimura Yoshihiro,Karkee Madan B,Mitsuji Kazuya.An Investigation on Aspects of Damage to Precast Concrete Piles Due to hte1995Hyougoken-nambu Earthquake[J].Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering.Transactions of AIJ,2003,(574):113～120(in Japanese)
[4]SEO Shirou,HOSONO Hisayuki,NAGAI Koushirou.Natural modes of Soil-structure Interaction and Damage to Buildings in the Hyougoken Nanbu Earthquake1995:Part2Damage to Buildings in Soil-structure Interaction[R].学術講演梗概集.構造系2002(B-1),561～562(in Japanese)
[5]宋天齐.桩基及有关抗震问题商榷[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2006,28(2):101～104Song Tian-qi.Discuss Conceru Problem of Pile Footing and Anti-seismic[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2006,28(2):101～104.(in Chinese)
[6]龚昌基.浅析桩的水平抗力问题[J].福建建筑,2010,143(5):145～146Gong Chang-ji.Analysis of the Pile's Lateral Bearing Capacity[J].Fujian Architecture&Construction,2010,143(5):145～146(in Chinese)
[7]王丽萍,李英民,郑妮娜,等.5·12汶川地震典型山地建筑结构房屋震害调查[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),2009,41(6):822～826.Wang Li-ping,Li Ying-min,Zheng Ni-na,et al.Seismic Damage Investigation on Typical Slope Building in Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture&Technology(Natural Science Edition),2009,41(6):822～826(in Chinese)
[8]黄清猷.箱形与筏形基础埋置深度计算[J].建筑结构,2001,31(10):3～8Huang Qing-you.Calculation Formula of Embedded Depth of Box/Raft Foundation[J].Building Structure,2001,31(10):3～8(in Chinese)
[9]陈跃庆,吕西林.几次大地震中地基基础震害的启示[J].工程抗震,2001,(2):8～15Chen Yue-qing,Lv Xi-lin.Lessons Learned from Damages of Soils and Foundations during Several Strong Earthquakes[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering,2001,(2):8～15(in Chinese)
[10]韩小雷,季静,李立荣.地震作用下高层建筑箱(筏)基础埋深的探讨[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2000,28(9):93～98Han Xiao-lei,Ji Jing,Li Li-rong.A Study of Embedded Depth of Foundation of High-rise Buildings under Earthquake[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2000,28(9):93～98(in Chinese)
[11]喻林,夏训清,付乐.简明地基基础结构设计施工资料集成[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2005Yu Lin,Xia Xun-qing,Fu Le.Concise Foundation Structure Design and Construction Data Integration[M].China Electric Power Press,2005(in Chinese)
[12]陈孝堂.建筑桩基抵抗水平力分体系的概念设计[J].建筑结构,2009,39(11):90～93Chen Xiao-tang.Concept Design for Subsystem of Resisting Lateral Forces in Pile Foundation[J].Building Structure,2009,39(11):90～93(in Chinese)
[13]JGJ/T210-2010,建筑桩基技术规范[S]JGJ/T210-2010,Technical Code for Building Pile Foundations[S](in Chinese))
[14]唐亮,凌贤长,徐鹏举,等.承台型式对可液化场地桥梁桩-柱墩地震响应影响振动台试验[J].地震工程与工程振动,2010,30(2):155～160Tang Liang,Ling Xian-zhang,Xu Peng-ju,et al.Effect of Cap Type on Seismic Responses of Bridge Pile-column Pier in Liquefiable Ground by Shaking Table Test[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2010,30(2):155～160(in Chinese))
[15]薛江炜.桩头的箍与带箍的桩[P].中国,200710160966.1,2007Xue Jiang-wei.Loop Around Pile and Pile with Loop[P].China,200710160966.1,2007(in Chinese)
[16]薛江炜.桩伴侣(变刚度调平桩)对直接基础与间接基础的优化研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2013Xue Jiang-wei.Pile Partner(Variable Rigidity Pile)Optimized Research on Direct and Indirect Foundations[D].Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2013(in Chinese)
[17]张季超,杨永康,王可怡,等.基于性能的桩基设计概念探讨[J].岩土工程学报.2011,33(S2):54～57Zhang Ji-chao,Yang Yong-kang,Wang Ke-yi,et al.Conception of Performanc-based Pile Foundation Design[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering.2011,33(S2):54～57(in Chinese)
[18]杨军,阎明礼,唐建中,吴春林.褥垫层在复合地基中的作用[J].建筑科学,1991(2):45～50Yang Jun,Yan Ming-li,Tang Jian-zhong,Wu Chun-lin.The Function of Underlayer in Compound Foundation[J].Building Science,1991(2):45～50(in Chinese)
[19]徐志国,宋二祥.刚性桩复合地基抗震性能的有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2004,25(2):179～184Xu Zi-guo,Song Er-Xiang.Finite Element Analysis for Seismic Response of Rigid Pile Composite Foundations[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(2):179～184(in Chinese)
[20]胡再强,王军星,刘兰兰,焦黎杰.褥垫层作用下复合地基抗震性能有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(S):587～592Hu Zai-qiang,Wang Jun-xing,Liu Lan-lan,Jiao Li-jie.Finite Element Analysis of Seismic Behavior of Composite Foundation with Bedding Cushion[J]Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(S):587～592(in Chinese)
[21]GB/T50783-2012,复合地基技术规范[S]GB/T50783-2012,Technical Code for Composite Foundation[S].(in Chinese)
[22]薛江炜,葛忻声,蔡景珞,杨勇.水平静力荷载作用下桩伴侣工作性状有限元模拟以及与无伴侣构造形式的比较分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,(S2)Xue Jiang-wei,Ge Xin-sheng,Cai Jing-luo,Yang Yong.Finite Element Analysis of Comparative Performance of Laterally Loaded Pile with or Without Partner[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2013(S2)(in Chinese)
[23]Bransby M F,Springman S M.Centrifuge Modelling of Pile Groups Adjacent to Surcharge Loads[J].Soils and Foundation.1997,37(2),39～49
[24]Charles W W Ng,Zhang L M.Three-dimensional Analysis of Performance of Laterally Loaded Sleeved Piles in Sloping Ground[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2001,127(6):499～509
[2]古和田明,et al.Investigation of Damage to Pile Foundation due to the1995Hyougoken Nanbu Earthquake and Analysis of its Failure Mechanism:Part1Damage Investigation Summaries of Technical Papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan[A].B-1,Structures I,Loads,Reliability Stress Analyses Foundation Structures Shell Structures[C].Space Frames and Membrane Structures,1997:711～712.(in Japanese)
[3]Sugimura Yoshihiro,Karkee Madan B,Mitsuji Kazuya.An Investigation on Aspects of Damage to Precast Concrete Piles Due to hte1995Hyougoken-nambu Earthquake[J].Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering.Transactions of AIJ,2003,(574):113～120(in Japanese)
[4]SEO Shirou,HOSONO Hisayuki,NAGAI Koushirou.Natural modes of Soil-structure Interaction and Damage to Buildings in the Hyougoken Nanbu Earthquake1995:Part2Damage to Buildings in Soil-structure Interaction[R].学術講演梗概集.構造系2002(B-1),561～562(in Japanese)
[5]宋天齐.桩基及有关抗震问题商榷[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2006,28(2):101～104Song Tian-qi.Discuss Conceru Problem of Pile Footing and Anti-seismic[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2006,28(2):101～104.(in Chinese)
[6]龚昌基.浅析桩的水平抗力问题[J].福建建筑,2010,143(5):145～146Gong Chang-ji.Analysis of the Pile's Lateral Bearing Capacity[J].Fujian Architecture&Construction,2010,143(5):145～146(in Chinese)
[7]王丽萍,李英民,郑妮娜,等.5·12汶川地震典型山地建筑结构房屋震害调查[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),2009,41(6):822～826.Wang Li-ping,Li Ying-min,Zheng Ni-na,et al.Seismic Damage Investigation on Typical Slope Building in Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture&Technology(Natural Science Edition),2009,41(6):822～826(in Chinese)
[8]黄清猷.箱形与筏形基础埋置深度计算[J].建筑结构,2001,31(10):3～8Huang Qing-you.Calculation Formula of Embedded Depth of Box/Raft Foundation[J].Building Structure,2001,31(10):3～8(in Chinese)
[9]陈跃庆,吕西林.几次大地震中地基基础震害的启示[J].工程抗震,2001,(2):8～15Chen Yue-qing,Lv Xi-lin.Lessons Learned from Damages of Soils and Foundations during Several Strong Earthquakes[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering,2001,(2):8～15(in Chinese)
[10]韩小雷,季静,李立荣.地震作用下高层建筑箱(筏)基础埋深的探讨[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2000,28(9):93～98Han Xiao-lei,Ji Jing,Li Li-rong.A Study of Embedded Depth of Foundation of High-rise Buildings under Earthquake[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2000,28(9):93～98(in Chinese)
[11]喻林,夏训清,付乐.简明地基基础结构设计施工资料集成[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2005Yu Lin,Xia Xun-qing,Fu Le.Concise Foundation Structure Design and Construction Data Integration[M].China Electric Power Press,2005(in Chinese)
[12]陈孝堂.建筑桩基抵抗水平力分体系的概念设计[J].建筑结构,2009,39(11):90～93Chen Xiao-tang.Concept Design for Subsystem of Resisting Lateral Forces in Pile Foundation[J].Building Structure,2009,39(11):90～93(in Chinese)
[13]JGJ/T210-2010,建筑桩基技术规范[S]JGJ/T210-2010,Technical Code for Building Pile Foundations[S](in Chinese))
[14]唐亮,凌贤长,徐鹏举,等.承台型式对可液化场地桥梁桩-柱墩地震响应影响振动台试验[J].地震工程与工程振动,2010,30(2):155～160Tang Liang,Ling Xian-zhang,Xu Peng-ju,et al.Effect of Cap Type on Seismic Responses of Bridge Pile-column Pier in Liquefiable Ground by Shaking Table Test[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2010,30(2):155～160(in Chinese))
[15]薛江炜.桩头的箍与带箍的桩[P].中国,200710160966.1,2007Xue Jiang-wei.Loop Around Pile and Pile with Loop[P].China,200710160966.1,2007(in Chinese)
[16]薛江炜.桩伴侣(变刚度调平桩)对直接基础与间接基础的优化研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2013Xue Jiang-wei.Pile Partner(Variable Rigidity Pile)Optimized Research on Direct and Indirect Foundations[D].Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2013(in Chinese)
[17]张季超,杨永康,王可怡,等.基于性能的桩基设计概念探讨[J].岩土工程学报.2011,33(S2):54～57Zhang Ji-chao,Yang Yong-kang,Wang Ke-yi,et al.Conception of Performanc-based Pile Foundation Design[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering.2011,33(S2):54～57(in Chinese)
[18]杨军,阎明礼,唐建中,吴春林.褥垫层在复合地基中的作用[J].建筑科学,1991(2):45～50Yang Jun,Yan Ming-li,Tang Jian-zhong,Wu Chun-lin.The Function of Underlayer in Compound Foundation[J].Building Science,1991(2):45～50(in Chinese)
[19]徐志国,宋二祥.刚性桩复合地基抗震性能的有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2004,25(2):179～184Xu Zi-guo,Song Er-Xiang.Finite Element Analysis for Seismic Response of Rigid Pile Composite Foundations[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(2):179～184(in Chinese)
[20]胡再强,王军星,刘兰兰,焦黎杰.褥垫层作用下复合地基抗震性能有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(S):587～592Hu Zai-qiang,Wang Jun-xing,Liu Lan-lan,Jiao Li-jie.Finite Element Analysis of Seismic Behavior of Composite Foundation with Bedding Cushion[J]Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(S):587～592(in Chinese)
[21]GB/T50783-2012,复合地基技术规范[S]GB/T50783-2012,Technical Code for Composite Foundation[S].(in Chinese)
[22]薛江炜,葛忻声,蔡景珞,杨勇.水平静力荷载作用下桩伴侣工作性状有限元模拟以及与无伴侣构造形式的比较分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,(S2)Xue Jiang-wei,Ge Xin-sheng,Cai Jing-luo,Yang Yong.Finite Element Analysis of Comparative Performance of Laterally Loaded Pile with or Without Partner[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2013(S2)(in Chinese)
[23]Bransby M F,Springman S M.Centrifuge Modelling of Pile Groups Adjacent to Surcharge Loads[J].Soils and Foundation.1997,37(2),39～49
[24]Charles W W Ng,Zhang L M.Three-dimensional Analysis of Performance of Laterally Loaded Sleeved Piles in Sloping Ground[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2001,127(6):499～509
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