基于小波包变换的高程差对爆破震动信号影响分析
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摘要
爆破施工现场地形一般都有一定的起伏,爆破地点与被保护目标具有一定的高程差。为了研究高程差对爆破震动信号特性影响,依托工程实践,采集了大量爆破震动信号。分析表明正的高程差对爆破地震波峰值具有放大效应,并且放大效应在一定的范围内存在。利用小波包分析的信号处理方法对高程差影响下的爆破震动信号能量分布和时频特征进行了研究。研究表明,正高程差使爆破震动信号中的低频成分增多,低频成分在整个信号中的能量分布有增大趋势,这一特点对爆破地点周围目标保护不利。分析高程差对爆破震动信号的影响,从而优化爆破设计,更好地保护爆破地点周围的目标。结论具有重要的现实意义。
The terrain around a blasting spot is not usually flat.The height difference exists between the blasting spot and a protected target.Here,plenty of blasting vibration signals were collected with engineering practice.The amplification effect of positive height difference on peaks of blasting seismic waves was verified,the effect existed in a certain range.The frequency spectral characteristics,time-frequency characteristics and energy distribution of blasting vibration signals under height difference were analyzed with the methods of wavelet packets.The study showed that blasting vibration signals under positive height difference contain more low-frequency components,the energy of low-frequency components tends to increase,this feature is hazardous to protected targets around a blasting spot.Through analyzing the propagation law of blasting seismic waves under height difference,the blasting design could be optimized and the targets around a blasting spot could be protected better.This conclusion had an important practical significance.
The terrain around a blasting spot is not usually flat.The height difference exists between the blasting spot and a protected target.Here,plenty of blasting vibration signals were collected with engineering practice.The amplification effect of positive height difference on peaks of blasting seismic waves was verified,the effect existed in a certain range.The frequency spectral characteristics,time-frequency characteristics and energy distribution of blasting vibration signals under height difference were analyzed with the methods of wavelet packets.The study showed that blasting vibration signals under positive height difference contain more low-frequency components,the energy of low-frequency components tends to increase,this feature is hazardous to protected targets around a blasting spot.Through analyzing the propagation law of blasting seismic waves under height difference,the blasting design could be optimized and the targets around a blasting spot could be protected better.This conclusion had an important practical significance.
引文
[1]唐海,李俊如.凸形地貌对爆破震动波传播影响的数值模拟[J]岩土力学,2010,31(4):1289-1294.TANG Hai,LI Jun-ru.Numerical simulation influence ofprotruding topography on blasting vibration wave propagation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(4):1289-1294.
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[9]中国生,傲丽萍,赵奎.基于小波包能量谱爆炸参量对爆破振动信号能量分布的影响[J].爆炸与冲击,2009,29(3):300-305.ZHONG Guo-sheng,AO Li-ping,ZHAO Kui.Influence of explosion parameters on energy distribution of blasting vibration signal based on wavelet packet energy spectrum[J].Explosion and shock waves,2009,29(3):300-305.
[10]林大超,施惠基,白春华.爆破震动时频分布的小波包分析[J].工程爆破,2006,8(2):1-5.LIN Da-chao,SHI Hui-jin,BAI Chun-hua.On time-frequency distribution of blasting vibration through wavelet packet transform[J].Engineering blasting,2006,8(2):1-5.
[11]凌同华,李夕兵.单段爆破振动信号频带能量分布特征的小波包分析[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(5):41-43.LING Tong-hua,LI Xin-bin.Features of Energy Distribution of Single Deck Blast Vibration Signals with Wavelet Packet Analysis[J].Journal of vibration and shock,2007,26(5):41-43.
[12]李兴华.高程差对爆破震动信号特性影响分析[D].南京:解放军理工大学,2010.
[2]沈蔚,徐全军,黄文华.用灰关联分析法确定爆破震动参数的主要影响因素[J].工程爆破,2000,6(4):6-8.SHEN Wei,XU Quan-jun,HUANG Wen-hua.Determination of main influencing factors on blasting vibration parameters by grey correlation analysis[J].Engineering blasting,2000,6(4):6-8.
[3]周同龄,杨秀甫,翁家杰.爆破地震高程效应的实验研究[J].建井技术,1997,18(增刊):31-35.ZHOU Tong-lin,YANG Xiu-pu,WENG Jia-jie.Experimental research on height effect of blasting vibration[J].Mine Construction Technology,1997,18:31-35.
[4]周同龄,李玉寿.反映高程的爆破震动公式及其应用[J].江苏煤炭,1997,4:21-22.ZHOU Tong-ling,LI Yu-shou.Application of blasting vibration formula related to highness[J].Jiangsu Coal,1997,(4):21-22.
[5]张涛,郭学彬,蒲传金.边坡爆破振动高程效应的实验研究与分析[J].江西有色金属,2006,20(4):10-13.ZHANG Tao,GUO Xue-bin,PU Chuan-jin.Experimental analysis and studies of elevate effect of slope blasting vibration[J].Jiangxi Nonferrous Metals,2006,20(4):10-13.
[6]唐海,李海波,蒋鹏灿.地形地貌对爆破振动波传播的影响实验研究[J].岩土力学与工程学报,2007,26(9):1817-1823.TANG Hai,LI Hai-bo,JIANG Peng-can.Experimental study on effect of topography on propagation of blasting waves[J].Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(9):1817-1823.
[7]娄建武,龙源,方向.基于反应谱值分析的爆破震动破坏评估研究[J].爆炸与冲击,2003,23(1):41-46.LOU Jian-wu,LONG Yuan,FANG Xiang.Study on blastingvibration dam age based on response spectrum[J].Explosion and shock waves,2003,23(1):41-46.
[8]娄建武,龙源,徐全军.基于小波包技术的爆破地震波特征提取及预报[J].爆炸与冲击,2004,24(3):261-267.LOU Jian-wu,LONG Yuan,XU Quan-jun.A study on the extraction and prediction of blasting seismic wave characteristics by wavelet packets technique[J].Explosion and shock waves,2004,24(3):261-267.
[9]中国生,傲丽萍,赵奎.基于小波包能量谱爆炸参量对爆破振动信号能量分布的影响[J].爆炸与冲击,2009,29(3):300-305.ZHONG Guo-sheng,AO Li-ping,ZHAO Kui.Influence of explosion parameters on energy distribution of blasting vibration signal based on wavelet packet energy spectrum[J].Explosion and shock waves,2009,29(3):300-305.
[10]林大超,施惠基,白春华.爆破震动时频分布的小波包分析[J].工程爆破,2006,8(2):1-5.LIN Da-chao,SHI Hui-jin,BAI Chun-hua.On time-frequency distribution of blasting vibration through wavelet packet transform[J].Engineering blasting,2006,8(2):1-5.
[11]凌同华,李夕兵.单段爆破振动信号频带能量分布特征的小波包分析[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(5):41-43.LING Tong-hua,LI Xin-bin.Features of Energy Distribution of Single Deck Blast Vibration Signals with Wavelet Packet Analysis[J].Journal of vibration and shock,2007,26(5):41-43.
[12]李兴华.高程差对爆破震动信号特性影响分析[D].南京:解放军理工大学,2010.
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