边坡稳定性分析的斜条分法
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摘要
在考虑坡面荷载、地震作用、渗流、坡顶张裂缝及加固措施等一般情况下,对斜条分进行受力分析,得到严格的安全系数统一计算公式,并在分析斜条分与竖直条分条间力关系的基础上,建立基于传统M-P法下的斜条条间力假设。当采用特定参数的滑动面时,研究本文斜条条间力假设的合理性和不同斜条倾角下安全系数的计算变化与收敛情况,并分析传统M-P法和Sarma法条间力假设在斜条分中的适用性。然后,在均质边坡、地震作用边坡、具有张裂缝临河边坡、倾斜分层边坡和锚索加固边坡算例中对本文斜条条间力假设进行验证。研究结果表明:传统M-P法和Sarma法条间力假设在斜条分中存在一定的局限性,而本文斜条条间力假设在斜条分中是可行性的,计算得的安全系数稳定且收敛快;随斜条倾角的增大,从滑动面滑出点开始向上条间剪切力方向出现反向,这是影响传统M-P法和Sarma法条间力假设出现偏差的主要因素;各算例表明在本文斜条条间力假设下计算得的结果与以往研究成果接近,验证了本文斜条条间力假设的合理性,因而可为边坡稳定性斜条分法提供参考。
When considering general situation such as load on slope surface,earthquake,seepage,tension cracks on top of slope and reinforcement measures,the strict and unified formula for calculating factor of safety is obtained after analyzing stress of oblique slices.And inter-forces assumption of oblique slice is established based on traditional M-P method after analyzing the relationship of interaction forces between oblique slice and vertical slice.When adopting sliding surface with specific parameters,reasonableness of inter-forces assumption of oblique slice,change and convergence of calculated factor of safety under different inclination angle of oblique slice are studied,and applicability of inter-force assumption of traditional M-P method and Sarma method is analyzed.Thereafter,in examples of homogeneous slope,slope under earthquake,slope with tension crack near river,declining layered slope and slope reinforced with anchor cable,inter-force assumption of oblique slice is verified.The results show that there is some limitation in oblique slice method when using inter-force assumption of traditional M-P method and Sarma method,while it is feasible to use this article’s inter-force assumption of oblique slice in oblique slice method and calculated factor of safety that could be got quickly through iteration is stable.With the increase of inclination angle of oblique slice,inter shear force appear to change its direction on the location of slide-out point and upper it of sliding surface,which is main factor to affect appearance of deviation of inter-force assumption in traditional M-P method and Sarma method.These examples show that calculated results under this article’s inter-force assumption of oblique slice are close to previous research results,so reasonableness of this article’s inter-force assumption of oblique slice has been verified,and it could provide reference for oblique slice method to analyze stability of slope.
When considering general situation such as load on slope surface,earthquake,seepage,tension cracks on top of slope and reinforcement measures,the strict and unified formula for calculating factor of safety is obtained after analyzing stress of oblique slices.And inter-forces assumption of oblique slice is established based on traditional M-P method after analyzing the relationship of interaction forces between oblique slice and vertical slice.When adopting sliding surface with specific parameters,reasonableness of inter-forces assumption of oblique slice,change and convergence of calculated factor of safety under different inclination angle of oblique slice are studied,and applicability of inter-force assumption of traditional M-P method and Sarma method is analyzed.Thereafter,in examples of homogeneous slope,slope under earthquake,slope with tension crack near river,declining layered slope and slope reinforced with anchor cable,inter-force assumption of oblique slice is verified.The results show that there is some limitation in oblique slice method when using inter-force assumption of traditional M-P method and Sarma method,while it is feasible to use this article’s inter-force assumption of oblique slice in oblique slice method and calculated factor of safety that could be got quickly through iteration is stable.With the increase of inclination angle of oblique slice,inter shear force appear to change its direction on the location of slide-out point and upper it of sliding surface,which is main factor to affect appearance of deviation of inter-force assumption in traditional M-P method and Sarma method.These examples show that calculated results under this article’s inter-force assumption of oblique slice are close to previous research results,so reasonableness of this article’s inter-force assumption of oblique slice has been verified,and it could provide reference for oblique slice method to analyze stability of slope.
引文
[1]殷宗泽.土工原理[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2007:302-344.YIN Zongze.Geotechnical principle[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2007:302-344.
[2]陈祖煜.土质边坡稳定性分析--原理、方法、程序[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003:23-65.CHEN Zuyu.Soil slope stability analysis:Principle and method and procedures[M].Beijing:China Water and Power Press,2003:23-65.
[3]彭振斌,李俊,彭文祥.基于Bishop条分法的边坡可靠度应用研究[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2010,41(2):668-672.PENG Zhenbin,LI Jun,PENG Wenxiang.Application analysis of slope reliability based on Bishop analytical method[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2010,中南大学学报(自然科学版)第336244卷41(2):668-672.
[4]万文,曹平,冯涛,等.一种自由搜索边坡最危险滑动面的新方法[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2006,37(4):810-814.WAN Wen,CAO Ping,FENG Tao,et al.New method to search the most dangerous failure slope surface freely[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2006,37(4):810-814.
[5]朱大勇,李焯芬,黄茂松,等.对3种著名边坡稳定性计算方法的改进[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(2):183-194.ZHU Dayong,Lee C F,HUANG Maosong,et al.Modifications to three well-known methods of slope stability analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(2):183-194.
[6]刘子振,言志信.边坡稳定计算斜条分法机理分析[J].岩土工程技术,2006,20(5):217-220.LIU Zizhen,YAN Zhixin.Mechanism analysis based on sub-section method of slices for slope stability calculation[J].Geotechnical Engineering Technique,2006,20(5):217-220.
[7]Chen C F,Yang Y.The parallel slice method for analysis of soil nailing based on genetic algorithm[J].Advances in Earth Structures:Research to Practice(GSP151),2006,195(19):188-194.
[8]董育烦,张发明,郭炳跃,等.土坡等圆心角斜条分稳定性分析法[J].岩土力学,2008,29(9):2595-2598.DONG Yufan,ZHANG Faming,GUO Bingyue,et al.Analytical method of soil slope stability based on gradient slice and equal central angle[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(9):2595-2598.
[9]董育烦,孟永旭,王永明.土坡等圆心角斜条分法与经典条分法的比较[J].河海大学学报:自然科学版,2009,37(6):697-701.DONG Yufan,MENG Yongxu,WANG Yongming.Comparison of D slice method and classical slice methods for soil slopes[J].Journal of Hohai University:Natural Sciences,2009,37(6):697-701.
[10]戈海玉,涂劲松,王建国.用斜条分法求解边坡稳定安全系数[J].力学季刊,2010,31(3):430-435.GE Haiyu,TU Jinsong,WANG Jianguo.With the oblique slice method for slope stability safety factor[J].Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics,2010,31(3):430-435.
[11]陈昌富.仿生算法及其在边坡和基坑工程中的应用[D].长沙:湖南大学土木工程学院,2001:53-60.CHEN Changfu.Bionic algorithm and its application to slope and excavation engineering[D].Changsha:Hunan University.College of Civil Engineering,2001:53-60.
[12]陈昌富,杨宇.边坡稳定性分析水平条分法及其进化计算[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2004,31(3):72-75.CHEN Changfu,YANG Yu.Horizontal Slice Method of slope stability analysis based on evolutionary algorithm[J].Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences,2004,31(3):72-75.
[13]邓东平,李亮,赵炼恒.基于Janbu法的边坡整体稳定性滑动面搜索新方法[J].岩土力学,2011,32(3):891-898.DENG Dongping,LI Liang,ZHAO Lianheng.A new method of sliding surface searching for general stability of slope based on Janbu method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(3):891-898.
[14]杨明成.基于力平衡求解安全系数的一般条分法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(7):1216-1221.YANG Mingcheng.A general slice method for determination of factors of safety based on force equilibrium[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(7):1216-1221.
[15]Rocscience Inc.Slide verification manual[R].Toronto:Rocscience Inc,2003:7-127.
[16]赵尚毅,郑颖人,时卫民,等.用有限元强度折减法求边坡稳定安全系数[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(3):343-346.ZHAO Shangyi,ZHENG Yingren,SHI Weimin,et al.Analysis on safety factor of slope by strength reduction FEM[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2002,24(3):343-346.
[17]邓东平,李亮.基于滑动面搜索新方法对地震作用下边坡稳定性拟静力分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(1):86-98.DENG Dongping,LI Liang.Based on a new method of searching for sliding surface pseudo-static stability analysis of slope under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(1):86-98.
[18]年廷凯.桩-土-边坡相互作用数值分析及阻滑桩简化设计方法研究[D].大连:大连理工大学土木与水利学院,2005:71-73.NIAN Tingkai.A study of numerical analysis of pile-soil-slope interaction and simplified design procedure of stabilizing plies against landslide[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology.College of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,2005:71-73.
[19]邓东平,李亮.水力条件下具有张裂缝临河边坡稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(9):1835-1847.DENG Dongping,LI Liang.Study of stability of slope with tension crack near river under hydraulic situation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(9):1835-1847.
[20]高伟东.加锚边坡的稳定性分析[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2007:40-48.GAO Weidong.Stability analysis of the anchored slope[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2007:40-48.
[2]陈祖煜.土质边坡稳定性分析--原理、方法、程序[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003:23-65.CHEN Zuyu.Soil slope stability analysis:Principle and method and procedures[M].Beijing:China Water and Power Press,2003:23-65.
[3]彭振斌,李俊,彭文祥.基于Bishop条分法的边坡可靠度应用研究[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2010,41(2):668-672.PENG Zhenbin,LI Jun,PENG Wenxiang.Application analysis of slope reliability based on Bishop analytical method[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2010,中南大学学报(自然科学版)第336244卷41(2):668-672.
[4]万文,曹平,冯涛,等.一种自由搜索边坡最危险滑动面的新方法[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2006,37(4):810-814.WAN Wen,CAO Ping,FENG Tao,et al.New method to search the most dangerous failure slope surface freely[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2006,37(4):810-814.
[5]朱大勇,李焯芬,黄茂松,等.对3种著名边坡稳定性计算方法的改进[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(2):183-194.ZHU Dayong,Lee C F,HUANG Maosong,et al.Modifications to three well-known methods of slope stability analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(2):183-194.
[6]刘子振,言志信.边坡稳定计算斜条分法机理分析[J].岩土工程技术,2006,20(5):217-220.LIU Zizhen,YAN Zhixin.Mechanism analysis based on sub-section method of slices for slope stability calculation[J].Geotechnical Engineering Technique,2006,20(5):217-220.
[7]Chen C F,Yang Y.The parallel slice method for analysis of soil nailing based on genetic algorithm[J].Advances in Earth Structures:Research to Practice(GSP151),2006,195(19):188-194.
[8]董育烦,张发明,郭炳跃,等.土坡等圆心角斜条分稳定性分析法[J].岩土力学,2008,29(9):2595-2598.DONG Yufan,ZHANG Faming,GUO Bingyue,et al.Analytical method of soil slope stability based on gradient slice and equal central angle[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(9):2595-2598.
[9]董育烦,孟永旭,王永明.土坡等圆心角斜条分法与经典条分法的比较[J].河海大学学报:自然科学版,2009,37(6):697-701.DONG Yufan,MENG Yongxu,WANG Yongming.Comparison of D slice method and classical slice methods for soil slopes[J].Journal of Hohai University:Natural Sciences,2009,37(6):697-701.
[10]戈海玉,涂劲松,王建国.用斜条分法求解边坡稳定安全系数[J].力学季刊,2010,31(3):430-435.GE Haiyu,TU Jinsong,WANG Jianguo.With the oblique slice method for slope stability safety factor[J].Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics,2010,31(3):430-435.
[11]陈昌富.仿生算法及其在边坡和基坑工程中的应用[D].长沙:湖南大学土木工程学院,2001:53-60.CHEN Changfu.Bionic algorithm and its application to slope and excavation engineering[D].Changsha:Hunan University.College of Civil Engineering,2001:53-60.
[12]陈昌富,杨宇.边坡稳定性分析水平条分法及其进化计算[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2004,31(3):72-75.CHEN Changfu,YANG Yu.Horizontal Slice Method of slope stability analysis based on evolutionary algorithm[J].Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences,2004,31(3):72-75.
[13]邓东平,李亮,赵炼恒.基于Janbu法的边坡整体稳定性滑动面搜索新方法[J].岩土力学,2011,32(3):891-898.DENG Dongping,LI Liang,ZHAO Lianheng.A new method of sliding surface searching for general stability of slope based on Janbu method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(3):891-898.
[14]杨明成.基于力平衡求解安全系数的一般条分法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(7):1216-1221.YANG Mingcheng.A general slice method for determination of factors of safety based on force equilibrium[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(7):1216-1221.
[15]Rocscience Inc.Slide verification manual[R].Toronto:Rocscience Inc,2003:7-127.
[16]赵尚毅,郑颖人,时卫民,等.用有限元强度折减法求边坡稳定安全系数[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(3):343-346.ZHAO Shangyi,ZHENG Yingren,SHI Weimin,et al.Analysis on safety factor of slope by strength reduction FEM[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2002,24(3):343-346.
[17]邓东平,李亮.基于滑动面搜索新方法对地震作用下边坡稳定性拟静力分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(1):86-98.DENG Dongping,LI Liang.Based on a new method of searching for sliding surface pseudo-static stability analysis of slope under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(1):86-98.
[18]年廷凯.桩-土-边坡相互作用数值分析及阻滑桩简化设计方法研究[D].大连:大连理工大学土木与水利学院,2005:71-73.NIAN Tingkai.A study of numerical analysis of pile-soil-slope interaction and simplified design procedure of stabilizing plies against landslide[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology.College of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,2005:71-73.
[19]邓东平,李亮.水力条件下具有张裂缝临河边坡稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(9):1835-1847.DENG Dongping,LI Liang.Study of stability of slope with tension crack near river under hydraulic situation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(9):1835-1847.
[20]高伟东.加锚边坡的稳定性分析[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2007:40-48.GAO Weidong.Stability analysis of the anchored slope[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2007:40-48.
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