抗侧刚度比对底框砌体房屋抗震性能的影响
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摘要
底框砌体房屋由于底部空间的灵活性广泛应用于临街建筑中,但此类结构在历次地震中破坏严重。特别是当刚度分布不当时易引起薄弱层转移,发生过渡层先于底层的破坏。本文以底框砌体结构房屋为研究对象,建立了4种不同抗侧刚度比底框砌体结构房屋有限元模型,通过大震作用下的结构弹塑性时程分析,得到了结构变形规律,探究了过渡层破坏机理和薄弱层转移原因,并在此基础上对抗侧刚度比值下限值提出了建议。研究结果将为此类房屋的结构设计和加固改造提供技术参考。
Due to the flexibility of space applications of the bottom,bottom frame masonry buildings are widely used in street construction,but such a structure is severely damaged in the previous earthquake.Especially when lateral stiffness is misallocated,the weak layer transfer is easily caused which will lead to the transition layer damage before the bottom.In this paper,the houses of bottom frame masonry structure are taken as the research object,and four kinds of finite element models with different lateral stiffness ratios are established.Through structural elastic-plastic time history analysis under the great earthquake,the deformation law for structure is obtained,and the failure mechanism of transition layer and weak layer tansfer are discussed.On this basis,suggestions of lower limit value of lateral stiffness ratio are put forward.The results of study will provide technical references for this kind of buildings in structural design and retrofitting.
Due to the flexibility of space applications of the bottom,bottom frame masonry buildings are widely used in street construction,but such a structure is severely damaged in the previous earthquake.Especially when lateral stiffness is misallocated,the weak layer transfer is easily caused which will lead to the transition layer damage before the bottom.In this paper,the houses of bottom frame masonry structure are taken as the research object,and four kinds of finite element models with different lateral stiffness ratios are established.Through structural elastic-plastic time history analysis under the great earthquake,the deformation law for structure is obtained,and the failure mechanism of transition layer and weak layer tansfer are discussed.On this basis,suggestions of lower limit value of lateral stiffness ratio are put forward.The results of study will provide technical references for this kind of buildings in structural design and retrofitting.
引文
[1]清华大学土木工程结构专家组,西南交通大学土木工程结构专家组,北京交通大学土木工程结构专家组.汶川地震建筑震害分析[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):1～9Civil and Structural Groups of Tsinghua University,Civil and Structural Groups of Xi'nan Jiaotong University.Civil and Structural Groups of Beijing Jiaotong University.Analysis on Seismic Damage of Buildings in Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(4):1～9(in Chinese)
[2]谭皓,李杰,张电吉,张泽强,章国成.玉树大地震砌体结构房屋震害特征[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2011,33(5):133～139Tan Hao,Li Jie,Zhang Dian-ji,Zhang Ze-qiang,ZhangGuo-cheng.Damaged Investigation of Masonry Structure Buildings in Yushu Heavy Earthquake[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2011,33(5):133～139(in Chinese)
[3]李碧雄,邓建辉,王哲.5·12汶川地震底框砖房震害启示[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),2010,42(3):342～347Li Bi-xiong,Deng Jian-hui,Wang Zhe.Lessons from the Performances of Masonry Structures with Ground RC Frame Suffered5·12Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Architecure&Technology,(Natural Science Edition),2010,42(3):342～347(in Chinese)
[4]韩军,李英民,刘立平,等.5·12汶川地震绵阳市区房屋震害统计与分析[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2008,30(5):21～27Han Jun,Li Ying-min,Liu Li-ping,et al.Building Damage in Mianyang City Caused by the May12,2008Earthquake in Wenchuan,Sichuan Province,P.R.China[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2008,30(5):21～27(in Chinese)
[5]张敏政.从汶川地震看抗震设防和抗震设计[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(5):21～24Zhang Min-zheng.Reflection on the Seismic Fortification and Design in Light of the Wenchuan Earthquake[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2009,42(5):21～24(in Chinese)
[6]苑振芳.砌体结构设计规范算例[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006Yuan Zhen-fang.Masonry Structure Design Code Examples[M].Beijing:China Architecure&Building Press,2006(in Chinese)
[7]沈蒲生.混凝土结构设计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2007Shen Pu-sheng.Design of Reinforced Concrete Structure[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2007(in Chinese)
[8]高小旺,王菁,肖伟,等.底层框架抗震墙砖房第二层与底层侧移刚度比的合理取值[J].工程抗震,1998,(3):18～22Gao Xiao-wang,Wang Jing,Xiao Wei,et al.Second Floor and Bottom Lateral Stiffness Ratio of the Reasonable Value with Bottom Frame Shear Wall Brick House[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering,1998,(3):18～22(in Chinese)
[9]GB50011-2010,建筑抗震设计规范[S]GB50011-2010,Code for Seismic Design of Buildings[S](in Chinese)
[10]过镇海.混凝土的强度和本构关系—原理与应用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004,42～44 Guo Zhen-hai.The Concrete Strength and Constitutive Relation—Principle and Application[M].Beijing:China Architecure&Building Press,2004,42～44(in Chinese)
[11]杨卫忠,樊濬.砌体受压应力-应变关系[J].郑州大学学报(工学版),2007,28(1):47～50 Yang Wei-zhong,Fan Jun.A Generic Stress-strain Equation for Masonry Materials in Compression[J].Journal of Zhengzhou University(Engineering Science),2007,28(1):47～50(in Chinese)
[2]谭皓,李杰,张电吉,张泽强,章国成.玉树大地震砌体结构房屋震害特征[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2011,33(5):133～139Tan Hao,Li Jie,Zhang Dian-ji,Zhang Ze-qiang,ZhangGuo-cheng.Damaged Investigation of Masonry Structure Buildings in Yushu Heavy Earthquake[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2011,33(5):133～139(in Chinese)
[3]李碧雄,邓建辉,王哲.5·12汶川地震底框砖房震害启示[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),2010,42(3):342～347Li Bi-xiong,Deng Jian-hui,Wang Zhe.Lessons from the Performances of Masonry Structures with Ground RC Frame Suffered5·12Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Architecure&Technology,(Natural Science Edition),2010,42(3):342～347(in Chinese)
[4]韩军,李英民,刘立平,等.5·12汶川地震绵阳市区房屋震害统计与分析[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2008,30(5):21～27Han Jun,Li Ying-min,Liu Li-ping,et al.Building Damage in Mianyang City Caused by the May12,2008Earthquake in Wenchuan,Sichuan Province,P.R.China[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2008,30(5):21～27(in Chinese)
[5]张敏政.从汶川地震看抗震设防和抗震设计[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(5):21～24Zhang Min-zheng.Reflection on the Seismic Fortification and Design in Light of the Wenchuan Earthquake[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2009,42(5):21～24(in Chinese)
[6]苑振芳.砌体结构设计规范算例[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006Yuan Zhen-fang.Masonry Structure Design Code Examples[M].Beijing:China Architecure&Building Press,2006(in Chinese)
[7]沈蒲生.混凝土结构设计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2007Shen Pu-sheng.Design of Reinforced Concrete Structure[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2007(in Chinese)
[8]高小旺,王菁,肖伟,等.底层框架抗震墙砖房第二层与底层侧移刚度比的合理取值[J].工程抗震,1998,(3):18～22Gao Xiao-wang,Wang Jing,Xiao Wei,et al.Second Floor and Bottom Lateral Stiffness Ratio of the Reasonable Value with Bottom Frame Shear Wall Brick House[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering,1998,(3):18～22(in Chinese)
[9]GB50011-2010,建筑抗震设计规范[S]GB50011-2010,Code for Seismic Design of Buildings[S](in Chinese)
[10]过镇海.混凝土的强度和本构关系—原理与应用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004,42～44 Guo Zhen-hai.The Concrete Strength and Constitutive Relation—Principle and Application[M].Beijing:China Architecure&Building Press,2004,42～44(in Chinese)
[11]杨卫忠,樊濬.砌体受压应力-应变关系[J].郑州大学学报(工学版),2007,28(1):47～50 Yang Wei-zhong,Fan Jun.A Generic Stress-strain Equation for Masonry Materials in Compression[J].Journal of Zhengzhou University(Engineering Science),2007,28(1):47～50(in Chinese)
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