基于等效Q值的反Q滤波影响因素分析
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摘要
为了考察基于等效Q值的反Q滤波方法补偿效果的影响因素,从信噪比、等效Q值精度、调谐频率和门限阈值等方面进行研究.结果表明:信噪比越低,稳定性问题越难控制,补偿效果越不好.等效Q值选取偏小,将导致补偿过大;等效Q值选取偏大,将导致补偿不足.选择最高截止频率比选择峰值频率的频散校正效果好,地震波走时更加准确.门限阈值越大,振幅补偿越大,补偿后的振幅越接近无黏性吸收时的振幅,但将增加算法的不稳定.该研究可为在实际资料处理中正确使用反Q滤波技术提供指导.
In order to improve the compensation effect of inverse Q filtering based on the effective Q,the influence factors of this algorithm such as signal-noise ratio,precision of effective Q,the gain limit,tune frequency are analyzed.The research results show that the lower signal-to-noise ratio is,the harder stability controlling is and the worse the compensation effect is.If selected effective Q is relatively small,it can result in over-compensation.If selected effective quality factor is relatively large,it can result in under-compensation.Selected the highest cut-off frequency has better phase correction effect than peak frequency,thus the travel time is more accurate.The larger the gain limit is,the greater the amplitude compensation is and the compensation effect closer to the situation without viscosity absorption.But it can result in the algorithm unstable.These searches can provide beneficial guide to use inverse Q filtering correctly in actual data processing.
In order to improve the compensation effect of inverse Q filtering based on the effective Q,the influence factors of this algorithm such as signal-noise ratio,precision of effective Q,the gain limit,tune frequency are analyzed.The research results show that the lower signal-to-noise ratio is,the harder stability controlling is and the worse the compensation effect is.If selected effective Q is relatively small,it can result in over-compensation.If selected effective quality factor is relatively large,it can result in under-compensation.Selected the highest cut-off frequency has better phase correction effect than peak frequency,thus the travel time is more accurate.The larger the gain limit is,the greater the amplitude compensation is and the compensation effect closer to the situation without viscosity absorption.But it can result in the algorithm unstable.These searches can provide beneficial guide to use inverse Q filtering correctly in actual data processing.
引文
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[2]Futterman W I.Dispersive body waves[J].Journal of Geophysics Research,1962,67(13):5279-5291.
[3]Robinson J C.A technique for the continuous representation of dispersion in seismic data[J].Geophysics,1979,44(5):1345-1351.
[4]Bickel S H,Natarajan R R.Plane-wave Q deconvolution[J].Geophysics,1985,50(9):1426-1439.
[5]Strick E.A predicted pedestal effect for pulse propagation in constant-Q solids[J].Geophysics,1970,35:387-403.
[6]Hargreaves N D,Calvert A J.Inverse Q filtering by Fourier transform[J].Geophysics,1991,56:519-527.
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[14]姚振兴,高星,李维新.用于深度域地震剖面衰减与频散补偿的反Q滤波方法[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(2):229-233.Yao Zhenxing,Gao Xing,Li Weixing.The forward Q method for compensation attenuation and frequency dispersion used in the seis-mic profile of depth domain[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2003,46(2):229-233.
[15]李振春,王清振.地震波衰减机理及能量补偿研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4):1147-1152.Li Zhenchun,Wang Qingzhen.A review of research on mechanism of seismic attenuation and energy compensation[J].Progress inGeophysics,2007,22(4):1147-1152.
[16]王珺,杨长春,乔玉雷.用稳定高效的反Q滤波技术提高地震资料分辨率[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):456-463.Wang Jun,Yang Changchun,Qiao Yulei.Improve the seismic resolution with a stable and efficient inverse Q filter[J].Progress inGeophysics,2008,23(2):456-463.
[17]王建民,陈树民,苏茂鑫,等.近地表高频补偿技术在三维地震勘探中的应用研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(6):1837-1843.Wang Jianming,Chen Shuming,Su Maoxin,et al.A study of the near surface high frequency compensation technology in 3Dseismicexploration[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2007,50(6):1837-1843.
[18]张凤军,吕延防.地震老资料连片高分辨率处理方法[J].大庆石油学院学报,2004,28(1):7-9.Zhang Fengjun,Lv Yanfang.High resolution integrated processing methods for chronological seismic data[J].Journal of Daqing Pe-troleum Institute,2004,28(1):7-9.
[19]马世忠,王子文,赵德斌,等.高分辨率地震勘探在泰康地区储层横向追踪及薄层定量预测中的应用[J].大庆石油学院学报,1993,17(3):107-111.Ma Shizhong,Wang Ziwen,Zhao Debin,et al.Reservoir lateral correlation and prediction in quantity for thin bed with high resolu-able seismic data in TK area[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,1993,17(3):107-111.
[20]李雪英,吕喜滨.稳定有效的频域反Q滤波方法[J].科学技术与工程,2011,10(25):6257-6260.Li Xueying,Lv Xibin.A stable and efficient approach of inverse Q filtering in the frequency domain[J].Science Technology and En-gineering,2011,10(25):6257-6260.
[21]李雪英,吕喜滨.稳定高效的时域反Q滤波方法[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(1):211-218.Li Xueying,Lv Xibin.A stable and efficient approach of inverse Q filtering in time domain[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2010,25(1):211-218.
[2]Futterman W I.Dispersive body waves[J].Journal of Geophysics Research,1962,67(13):5279-5291.
[3]Robinson J C.A technique for the continuous representation of dispersion in seismic data[J].Geophysics,1979,44(5):1345-1351.
[4]Bickel S H,Natarajan R R.Plane-wave Q deconvolution[J].Geophysics,1985,50(9):1426-1439.
[5]Strick E.A predicted pedestal effect for pulse propagation in constant-Q solids[J].Geophysics,1970,35:387-403.
[6]Hargreaves N D,Calvert A J.Inverse Q filtering by Fourier transform[J].Geophysics,1991,56:519-527.
[7]Wang Y H.A stable and efficient approach of inverse Q filtering[J].Geophysics,2002,67(2):657-663.
[8]Wang Y H.Inverse Q filter for seismic resolution enhancement[J].Geophysics,2006,71(3):V51-V60.
[9]李雪英,孙丹,井涌泉,等.利用广义S变换进行等效Q值扫描分析[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(5):1696-1702.Li Xueying,Sun Dan,Jing Yongquan,et al.Scanning analysis of effective Q using generalized S transform.Progress in Geophysics,2009,24(5):1696-1702.
[10]杜增利,施泽进,田军,等.新疆沙漠地区低降速带品质因子计算[J].大庆石油学院学报,2006,30(6):20-23.Du Zengli,Shi Zejin,Tian Jun,et al.Calculation of quality factor of LVL in Tarim basin[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2006,30(6):20-23.
[11]裴江云,何樵登.基于Kjartansson模型的反Q滤波[J].地球物理学进展,1994,9(2):90-99.Pei Jiangyun,He Qiaodeng.Inverse Q filtering according to Kjartansson model[J].Progress in Geophysics,1994,9(2):90-99.
[12]马昭军,刘洋.地震波衰减反演研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1074-1082.Ma Zhaojun,Liu Yang.A summary of research on seismic attenuation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(4):1074-1082.
[13]徐平,王宝善,张尉,等.利用互相关函数求地震波衰减[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1738-1744.Xu Ping,Wang Baoshan,Zhang Wei,et.al.Estimating seismic attenuation using crosscorrelation function[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,2006,49(6):1738-1744.
[14]姚振兴,高星,李维新.用于深度域地震剖面衰减与频散补偿的反Q滤波方法[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(2):229-233.Yao Zhenxing,Gao Xing,Li Weixing.The forward Q method for compensation attenuation and frequency dispersion used in the seis-mic profile of depth domain[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2003,46(2):229-233.
[15]李振春,王清振.地震波衰减机理及能量补偿研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4):1147-1152.Li Zhenchun,Wang Qingzhen.A review of research on mechanism of seismic attenuation and energy compensation[J].Progress inGeophysics,2007,22(4):1147-1152.
[16]王珺,杨长春,乔玉雷.用稳定高效的反Q滤波技术提高地震资料分辨率[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):456-463.Wang Jun,Yang Changchun,Qiao Yulei.Improve the seismic resolution with a stable and efficient inverse Q filter[J].Progress inGeophysics,2008,23(2):456-463.
[17]王建民,陈树民,苏茂鑫,等.近地表高频补偿技术在三维地震勘探中的应用研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(6):1837-1843.Wang Jianming,Chen Shuming,Su Maoxin,et al.A study of the near surface high frequency compensation technology in 3Dseismicexploration[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2007,50(6):1837-1843.
[18]张凤军,吕延防.地震老资料连片高分辨率处理方法[J].大庆石油学院学报,2004,28(1):7-9.Zhang Fengjun,Lv Yanfang.High resolution integrated processing methods for chronological seismic data[J].Journal of Daqing Pe-troleum Institute,2004,28(1):7-9.
[19]马世忠,王子文,赵德斌,等.高分辨率地震勘探在泰康地区储层横向追踪及薄层定量预测中的应用[J].大庆石油学院学报,1993,17(3):107-111.Ma Shizhong,Wang Ziwen,Zhao Debin,et al.Reservoir lateral correlation and prediction in quantity for thin bed with high resolu-able seismic data in TK area[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,1993,17(3):107-111.
[20]李雪英,吕喜滨.稳定有效的频域反Q滤波方法[J].科学技术与工程,2011,10(25):6257-6260.Li Xueying,Lv Xibin.A stable and efficient approach of inverse Q filtering in the frequency domain[J].Science Technology and En-gineering,2011,10(25):6257-6260.
[21]李雪英,吕喜滨.稳定高效的时域反Q滤波方法[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(1):211-218.Li Xueying,Lv Xibin.A stable and efficient approach of inverse Q filtering in time domain[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2010,25(1):211-218.
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