基于有限元强度折减法的边坡动力稳定性可靠性分析
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摘要
传统有限元强度折减法在边坡稳定性数值分析中取得了一定的成功,但由于未考虑岩土体材料参数的变异性等不确定性因素,尚不能直接应用于边坡稳定性特别是动力稳定性可靠性分析问题。为此提出了基于有限元强度折减法的地震边坡动力稳定性可靠性分析方法。将有限元极限分析法、动力分析法和可靠性分析法三者耦合,分析求解边坡在地震作用下的动力稳定性可靠性问题,并将这一过程在数值计算程序中得以实现。在计算分析过程中,克服了原方法需不断人工试算才能得到边坡安全系数而无法量化处理问题,并对边坡动力失效准则进行了适用于程序化的改进,使其计算过程完全实现自主运行。结合典型算例分析结果表明,该方法显著的特点是能较全面地反映岩土体的动力特性和边坡岩土体材料强度参数的变异性及相关性,所得结果相对更加合理且更符合工程实际。该方法既是对有限元强度折减法的应用范围的有益推广,也为边坡动力稳定性可靠性问题研究提供了一条新的有效途径。
The traditional strength reduction finite element method(SRFEM) is widely used in numerical analysis of slope stability.However,for the lack of considering geotechnical uncertainties,it still cannot be directly applied to the reliability analysis of slope stability,especially the dynamic stability problems.Thus,based on the SRFEM,the reliability analysis method of slope dynamic stability under seismic loading is proposed.In this method,the finite element limit analysis,dynamic analysis and reliability analysis are included to analyze the reliability problems of slope under seismic loading;and above process is realized in the numerical calculation program.For the traditional method,the acquirement of slope safety factor should be based on continuous manual pilot calculations,which makes batch processing impossible.But in the proposed method,above problem is solved through the improved slope dynamic failure criterion and the corresponding calculation program.The case study shows that the proposed method is significantly different from the general methods;it can relatively comprehensively reflect the dynamic characteristics of rock mass,the variability and correlation of material parameters.The results are closer to the reality.The proposed method not only widens the application scope of SRFEM,but also provides a new effective way for the reliability analysis of slope dynamic stability.
The traditional strength reduction finite element method(SRFEM) is widely used in numerical analysis of slope stability.However,for the lack of considering geotechnical uncertainties,it still cannot be directly applied to the reliability analysis of slope stability,especially the dynamic stability problems.Thus,based on the SRFEM,the reliability analysis method of slope dynamic stability under seismic loading is proposed.In this method,the finite element limit analysis,dynamic analysis and reliability analysis are included to analyze the reliability problems of slope under seismic loading;and above process is realized in the numerical calculation program.For the traditional method,the acquirement of slope safety factor should be based on continuous manual pilot calculations,which makes batch processing impossible.But in the proposed method,above problem is solved through the improved slope dynamic failure criterion and the corresponding calculation program.The case study shows that the proposed method is significantly different from the general methods;it can relatively comprehensively reflect the dynamic characteristics of rock mass,the variability and correlation of material parameters.The results are closer to the reality.The proposed method not only widens the application scope of SRFEM,but also provides a new effective way for the reliability analysis of slope dynamic stability.
引文
[1]郑颖人,叶海林,黄润秋.地震边坡破坏机制及其破裂面的分析探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(8):1714-1723.ZHENG Ying-ren,YE Hai-lin,HUANG Run-qiu.Analysis and discussion of failure mechanism andfracture surface of slope under earthquake[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(8):1714-1723.
[2]郑颖人,赵尚毅,宋雅坤.有限元强度折减法研究进展[J].后勤工程学院学报,2005,3:1-6.ZHENG Ying-ren,ZHAO Shang-yi,SONG Ya-kun.Advance of study of the strength reduction finite elementmethod[J].Journal of Logistical EngineeringUniversity,2005,3:1-6.
[3]刘红帅,唐立强,薄景山,等.确定岩质边坡地震安全系数的新方法[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2009,30(9):1007-1011.LIU Hong-shuai,TANG Li-qiang,BO Jing-shan,et al.New method for determining the seismic safety factor of arock slope[J].Journal of Harbin EngineeringUniversity,2009,30(9):1007-1011.
[4]GAUDIO V D,WASOWSKIC J.Time probabilisticevaluation of seismically induced landslide hazard inIrpinia[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2004,24(12):915-928.
[5]CARRO M,AMICIS M De,LUZI L,et al.Theapplication of predictive modeling techniques tolandslides induced by earthquakes:The case study of the26 September 1997,Umbria-Marche earthquake(Italy)[J].Engineering Geology,2003,69(1-2):139-159.
[6]徐佳成,陈祖煜,孙平,等.地震工况下坝坡的抗滑安全系数取值标准研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(增刊1):483-487.XU Jia-cheng,CHEN Zu-yu,SUN Ping,et al.Investigation on allowable factors of safety in dam slopestability analysis under seismic conditions[J].Rock andSoil Mechanics,2011,32(Supp.1):483-487.
[7]KOKUSHO T,ISHIZAWA T.Energy approach toearthquake-induced slope failures and its implications[J].Journal of Geotechnical&GeoenvironmentalEngineering,2007,133(7):828-841.
[8]ANG A H-S,TANG W H.Probability concepts inengineering:Emphasis on applications to civil andenvironmental engineering(2nd Ed.)[M].New York:Wiley,2007.
[9]AI-HOMOUDA A S,TAHTAMOUNIB W W.Reliabilityanalysis of three-dimensional dynamic slope stability andearthquake-induced permanent displacement[J].SoilDynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2000,19(2):91-114.
[10]ZHANG Lin,LIN Cong-mou,XU Chao,et al.A methodfor calculating reliability of soil slope stability underdynamic loading[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention andMitigation Engineering,2005,25(2):178-181.
[11]娄国充,王树栋.地震作用下土质边坡可靠度分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(增刊1):4877-4880.LOU Guo-chong,WANG Shu-dong.Reliability study ofearth slopes under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(Supp.1):4877-4880.
[12]PENG Huai-sheng,DENG Jian,GU De-sheng.Earthslope reliability analysis under seismic loadings usingneural network[J].Journal of Central South Universityof Technology,2005,12(5):606-610.
[13]REH S,BELEY J D,MUKHERJEE S,et al.Probabilisticfinite element analysis using ANSYS[J].StructuralSafety,2006,28(1-2):17-43.
[14]EI-RAMLY H,MORGENSTERN N R,CRUDEN D M.Probabilistic assessment of stability of a cut slope inresidual soil[J].Geotechnique,2005,55(1):77-84.
[15]EI-RAMLY H,MORGENSTERN N R,CRUDEN D M.Probabilistic slope stability analysis for practice[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2002,39(3):665-683.
[16]谭晓慧,王建国.边坡的弹塑性有限元可靠度分析[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(1):44-50.TAN Xiao-hui,WANG Jian-guo.Slope reliability analysisusing elasto-plastic finite element method[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(1):44-50.
[17]LUZI L L,PERGLANIA F,TERLIENB M T J.Slopevulnerability to earthquakes at subregional scale,usingprobabilistic techniques and geographic informationsystems[J].Engineering Geology,2000,58(3-4):313-336.
[18]康海贵,李炜.边坡稳定安全系数及其与土性参数及失效概率关系研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2008,48(6):856-862.KANG Hai-gui,LI Wei.Research on slope safety factorand its relationship with shear strength parameters andfailure probability[J].Journal of Dalian University ofTechnology,2008,48(6):856-862.
[19]郑颖人,孔亮.岩土塑形力学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.
[20]马建全,李广杰,徐佩华,等.基于拉丁方抽样及K-S检验的边坡可靠性分析[J].岩土力学,2011,32(7):2153-2156.MA Jian-quan,LI Guang-jie,XU Pei-hua,et al.Reliability analysis of slope with Latin hypercubesampling and K-S test[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(7):2153-2156.
[21]范明桥,盛金保.土强度指标,c的互相关系[J].岩土工程学报,1997,19(4):100-104.FAN Ming-qiao,SHENG Jin-bao.The relationshipbetween soil strength indexes,c[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,1997,19(4):100-104.
[2]郑颖人,赵尚毅,宋雅坤.有限元强度折减法研究进展[J].后勤工程学院学报,2005,3:1-6.ZHENG Ying-ren,ZHAO Shang-yi,SONG Ya-kun.Advance of study of the strength reduction finite elementmethod[J].Journal of Logistical EngineeringUniversity,2005,3:1-6.
[3]刘红帅,唐立强,薄景山,等.确定岩质边坡地震安全系数的新方法[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2009,30(9):1007-1011.LIU Hong-shuai,TANG Li-qiang,BO Jing-shan,et al.New method for determining the seismic safety factor of arock slope[J].Journal of Harbin EngineeringUniversity,2009,30(9):1007-1011.
[4]GAUDIO V D,WASOWSKIC J.Time probabilisticevaluation of seismically induced landslide hazard inIrpinia[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2004,24(12):915-928.
[5]CARRO M,AMICIS M De,LUZI L,et al.Theapplication of predictive modeling techniques tolandslides induced by earthquakes:The case study of the26 September 1997,Umbria-Marche earthquake(Italy)[J].Engineering Geology,2003,69(1-2):139-159.
[6]徐佳成,陈祖煜,孙平,等.地震工况下坝坡的抗滑安全系数取值标准研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(增刊1):483-487.XU Jia-cheng,CHEN Zu-yu,SUN Ping,et al.Investigation on allowable factors of safety in dam slopestability analysis under seismic conditions[J].Rock andSoil Mechanics,2011,32(Supp.1):483-487.
[7]KOKUSHO T,ISHIZAWA T.Energy approach toearthquake-induced slope failures and its implications[J].Journal of Geotechnical&GeoenvironmentalEngineering,2007,133(7):828-841.
[8]ANG A H-S,TANG W H.Probability concepts inengineering:Emphasis on applications to civil andenvironmental engineering(2nd Ed.)[M].New York:Wiley,2007.
[9]AI-HOMOUDA A S,TAHTAMOUNIB W W.Reliabilityanalysis of three-dimensional dynamic slope stability andearthquake-induced permanent displacement[J].SoilDynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2000,19(2):91-114.
[10]ZHANG Lin,LIN Cong-mou,XU Chao,et al.A methodfor calculating reliability of soil slope stability underdynamic loading[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention andMitigation Engineering,2005,25(2):178-181.
[11]娄国充,王树栋.地震作用下土质边坡可靠度分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(增刊1):4877-4880.LOU Guo-chong,WANG Shu-dong.Reliability study ofearth slopes under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(Supp.1):4877-4880.
[12]PENG Huai-sheng,DENG Jian,GU De-sheng.Earthslope reliability analysis under seismic loadings usingneural network[J].Journal of Central South Universityof Technology,2005,12(5):606-610.
[13]REH S,BELEY J D,MUKHERJEE S,et al.Probabilisticfinite element analysis using ANSYS[J].StructuralSafety,2006,28(1-2):17-43.
[14]EI-RAMLY H,MORGENSTERN N R,CRUDEN D M.Probabilistic assessment of stability of a cut slope inresidual soil[J].Geotechnique,2005,55(1):77-84.
[15]EI-RAMLY H,MORGENSTERN N R,CRUDEN D M.Probabilistic slope stability analysis for practice[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2002,39(3):665-683.
[16]谭晓慧,王建国.边坡的弹塑性有限元可靠度分析[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(1):44-50.TAN Xiao-hui,WANG Jian-guo.Slope reliability analysisusing elasto-plastic finite element method[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(1):44-50.
[17]LUZI L L,PERGLANIA F,TERLIENB M T J.Slopevulnerability to earthquakes at subregional scale,usingprobabilistic techniques and geographic informationsystems[J].Engineering Geology,2000,58(3-4):313-336.
[18]康海贵,李炜.边坡稳定安全系数及其与土性参数及失效概率关系研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2008,48(6):856-862.KANG Hai-gui,LI Wei.Research on slope safety factorand its relationship with shear strength parameters andfailure probability[J].Journal of Dalian University ofTechnology,2008,48(6):856-862.
[19]郑颖人,孔亮.岩土塑形力学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.
[20]马建全,李广杰,徐佩华,等.基于拉丁方抽样及K-S检验的边坡可靠性分析[J].岩土力学,2011,32(7):2153-2156.MA Jian-quan,LI Guang-jie,XU Pei-hua,et al.Reliability analysis of slope with Latin hypercubesampling and K-S test[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(7):2153-2156.
[21]范明桥,盛金保.土强度指标,c的互相关系[J].岩土工程学报,1997,19(4):100-104.FAN Ming-qiao,SHENG Jin-bao.The relationshipbetween soil strength indexes,c[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,1997,19(4):100-104.
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