节理岩体大型地下洞室群开挖支护过程离散元分析
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摘要
依托大岗山水电站工程的地下洞室群,运用离散元法模拟了不同地质结构组合切割条件下地下洞室开挖支护过程,研究锚杆支护对不同岩体结构变形、应力状态、损伤区影响的改善作用,探讨了节理岩体中锚杆加固机理。结果表明:锚杆加固作用是随着节理相对错动和应力调整逐步发展的;受限于锚杆与结构面这种相互作用机制,锚杆并不能有效改善围岩应力状态;锚杆加固作用主要体现在增强结构面抗剪强度和抗拉强度上,提高了关键块体的安全系数并阻止块体的塌落;通过与监测数据对比表明,离散元锚杆单元模型可反映出工程实践中锚杆对岩体的支护效果。
With the underground caverns of Dagangshan hydropower project as background,discrete element program is adopted to simulate the excavation and support processes of underground caverns cut by different geological structures.The research focuses on the effect of bolt on the deformation,stress state and damage zone of different rock structures,and the mechanism of bolt support in jointed rock mass is discussed.The results reveal that the rock bolt gradually takes effect with the relative dislocation of joints and stress adjustment of ground rock.Limited to this interaction mechanism,bolts cannot improve rock stress state effectively.Therefore,the role of bolt strengthening is to enhance the shear strength and tensile strength of joint,improve safety factor of key blocks,and prevent the blocks from collapsing.Comparison with monitoring data manifests that the discrete element model could reflect the effect of rock bolt support in practical engineering.
With the underground caverns of Dagangshan hydropower project as background,discrete element program is adopted to simulate the excavation and support processes of underground caverns cut by different geological structures.The research focuses on the effect of bolt on the deformation,stress state and damage zone of different rock structures,and the mechanism of bolt support in jointed rock mass is discussed.The results reveal that the rock bolt gradually takes effect with the relative dislocation of joints and stress adjustment of ground rock.Limited to this interaction mechanism,bolts cannot improve rock stress state effectively.Therefore,the role of bolt strengthening is to enhance the shear strength and tensile strength of joint,improve safety factor of key blocks,and prevent the blocks from collapsing.Comparison with monitoring data manifests that the discrete element model could reflect the effect of rock bolt support in practical engineering.
引文
[1]蔡美峰,何满潮,刘东燕.岩石力学与工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.(CAI Mei-feng,HE Man-chao,LIU Dong-yan.Rock Mechanics and Engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002.(in Chinese))
[2]曾祥勇,邓安福.锚索与锚杆联合锚固支护岩坡的有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2007,28(4):790-794.(ZENG Xiang-yong,DENG An-fu.Finite Element Analysis of Rock Cutting Slope Reinforced by Combined Action of Prestressed Anchor Cable and Anchor Bolt[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(4):790-794.(in Chinese))
[3]李术才,王刚,王书刚,等.加锚断续节理岩体断裂损伤模型在硐室开挖与支护中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(8):1582-1590.(LI Shu-cai,WANG Gang,WANG Shu-gang,et al.Application of Fracture-damage Model to Anchorage of Discontinuous Jointed Rockmass of Excavation and Supporting[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,25(8):1582-1590.(in Chinese))
[4]杨延毅.加锚层状岩体的变形破坏过程与加固效果分析模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1994,13(4):309-317.(YANG Yan-yi.Analytical Model for Evaluating Reinforcement Efficiency of Bolts in Layered Rock Masses[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1994,13(4):309-317.(in Chinese))
[5]张玉军,刘谊平.锚固正交各向异性岩体的三维弹塑性有限元分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2002,(8):1115-1119.(ZHANG Yu-jun,LIU Yi-ping.3D Elastic-plastic Finite Element Analysis for Bolted Orthotropic Rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,(8):1115-1119.(in Chinese))
[6]朱维申,任伟中.船闸边坡节理岩体锚固效应的模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2001,(5):720-725.(ZHU Wei-shen,REN Wei-zhong.Research on Reinforcing Effect for Jointed Rock masses of Shiplock Slope by Physical Modeling[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(5):720-725.(in Chinese))
[7]侯朝炯,勾攀峰.巷道锚杆支护围岩强度强化机理研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,(3):342-345.(HOU Chao-jiong,GOU Pan-feng.Mechanism Study on Strength Enhancement for the Rocks Surrounding Roadway Supported by Bolts[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(3):342-345.(in Chinese))
[8]王帅,盛谦,朱泽奇,等.地震荷载作用下地下洞室不利地质结构塌落机制研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(10):2897-2902.(WANG Shuai,SHENG Qian,ZHU Ze-qi,et al.Study of Collapse Mechanism of Underground Caverns with Unfavorable Geological Structures under Seismic Loading[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(10):2897-2902.(in Chinese))
[2]曾祥勇,邓安福.锚索与锚杆联合锚固支护岩坡的有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2007,28(4):790-794.(ZENG Xiang-yong,DENG An-fu.Finite Element Analysis of Rock Cutting Slope Reinforced by Combined Action of Prestressed Anchor Cable and Anchor Bolt[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(4):790-794.(in Chinese))
[3]李术才,王刚,王书刚,等.加锚断续节理岩体断裂损伤模型在硐室开挖与支护中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(8):1582-1590.(LI Shu-cai,WANG Gang,WANG Shu-gang,et al.Application of Fracture-damage Model to Anchorage of Discontinuous Jointed Rockmass of Excavation and Supporting[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,25(8):1582-1590.(in Chinese))
[4]杨延毅.加锚层状岩体的变形破坏过程与加固效果分析模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1994,13(4):309-317.(YANG Yan-yi.Analytical Model for Evaluating Reinforcement Efficiency of Bolts in Layered Rock Masses[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1994,13(4):309-317.(in Chinese))
[5]张玉军,刘谊平.锚固正交各向异性岩体的三维弹塑性有限元分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2002,(8):1115-1119.(ZHANG Yu-jun,LIU Yi-ping.3D Elastic-plastic Finite Element Analysis for Bolted Orthotropic Rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,(8):1115-1119.(in Chinese))
[6]朱维申,任伟中.船闸边坡节理岩体锚固效应的模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2001,(5):720-725.(ZHU Wei-shen,REN Wei-zhong.Research on Reinforcing Effect for Jointed Rock masses of Shiplock Slope by Physical Modeling[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(5):720-725.(in Chinese))
[7]侯朝炯,勾攀峰.巷道锚杆支护围岩强度强化机理研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,(3):342-345.(HOU Chao-jiong,GOU Pan-feng.Mechanism Study on Strength Enhancement for the Rocks Surrounding Roadway Supported by Bolts[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(3):342-345.(in Chinese))
[8]王帅,盛谦,朱泽奇,等.地震荷载作用下地下洞室不利地质结构塌落机制研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(10):2897-2902.(WANG Shuai,SHENG Qian,ZHU Ze-qi,et al.Study of Collapse Mechanism of Underground Caverns with Unfavorable Geological Structures under Seismic Loading[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(10):2897-2902.(in Chinese))
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