强震持时对混凝土重力坝损伤累积破坏的影响
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摘要
地震动持续时间是地震动特性的三要素之一(幅值、频谱特性、持时),对结构的累积破坏有着重要的影响。文中利用能考虑混凝土软化特性并可反映实际损伤耗散的混凝土塑性损伤本构模型,采用时域分析方法对不同持时特征的强震作用下大坝损伤累积破坏效应进行了计算分析,根据大坝损伤开裂发展特征,建立大坝局部和整体损伤累积破坏指标,比较强震持时对大坝损伤累积破坏的影响。分析结果表明:地震动强震持时特征对大坝损伤累积破坏范围有着显著的影响,长持时地震动作用将导致较大的损伤累积破坏,在大坝抗震设计中应给予重视;大坝抗震薄弱部位主要位于坝体中上部,采用局部累积损伤破坏指标可以有效地判定大坝抗震薄弱部位,提出的大坝整体损伤累积破坏指标可以综合评价大坝整体损伤累积破坏程度,有效地评价大坝抗震性能。
Ground motion duration is one of the three key elements——amplitude,spectral characteristics and duration of ground motion that significantly affect the accumulated damage of dam structures.In this paper,a damage mechanics model is put forth for simulation of the damage dissipation of concrete fracturing and the effects of strain softness after post-peak,and overall and local indices of accumulated damage for cracking damage development are established to compare the influence of different durations on the accumulated damage.The analysis reveals that strong motion duration has a significant impact on the accumulated damage and that longer duration leads to greater damage,which should draw great attention in aseismic design.Application of the local index that is an effective criterion for the weak parts of a dam,shows that the weakness of dam structure under seismic loading is concentrated on its upper part.Thus,the proposed model provides an effective tool for quantitative evaluation of the damage level of gravity dams under strong earthquakes and also for evaluation of seismic performances of gravity dams.
Ground motion duration is one of the three key elements——amplitude,spectral characteristics and duration of ground motion that significantly affect the accumulated damage of dam structures.In this paper,a damage mechanics model is put forth for simulation of the damage dissipation of concrete fracturing and the effects of strain softness after post-peak,and overall and local indices of accumulated damage for cracking damage development are established to compare the influence of different durations on the accumulated damage.The analysis reveals that strong motion duration has a significant impact on the accumulated damage and that longer duration leads to greater damage,which should draw great attention in aseismic design.Application of the local index that is an effective criterion for the weak parts of a dam,shows that the weakness of dam structure under seismic loading is concentrated on its upper part.Thus,the proposed model provides an effective tool for quantitative evaluation of the damage level of gravity dams under strong earthquakes and also for evaluation of seismic performances of gravity dams.
引文
[1]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社,1988.HU Yuxian.Earthquake engineering[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1988.(in Chinese)
[2]Takizawa H,Jennings P.Collapse of a model for ductile reinforced concrete frames under extreme earthquake motions[J].Earthq.Engng Struct.Dyn.8(1980),pp.117-144.
[3]彭伟文.考虑强震持时的结构损伤评价[D].泉州:华侨大学,2009.PENG Weiwen.Damage Evaluation of structure with strong motion duration taken in to account[D].Quanzhou:Huaqiao Uinversity,2009.(in Chinese)
[4]杜修力,刘勇生.强震持时对钢筋混凝土结构地震累积破坏的影响[J].地震工程与工程振动,1992,12(3):65-69.DU Xiuli,LIU Yongsheng.Influence of strong motion duration on accumulated seismic damage of RC structures[J].EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION,1992,12(3):65-69.(in Chinese)
[5]黄雨,八厚,杉戸真太.强震持时对河流堤防液化特性的影响[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2009,37(10):1313-1318.HUANG Yu,YASHIMA Atsushi,SUGITO Masata.Effects of Strong Ground Motion Duration on Liquefaction Behavior of RiverLevee[J].JOURNAL OF TONGJI UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE),2009,37(10):1313-1318.(in Chinese)
[6]Faria R,Oliver J,Cervera M.Modeling material failure in concrete structures under cyclic actions[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2004,130(12):1997-2005.
[7]Mirzabozorg H,Ghaemian M.Non-linear behavior of mass concrete in three-dimensional problems using a smeared crack approach[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2005,34(3):247-269.
[8]Cervera M,Oliver J,Manzoli O.A rate-dependent isotropic damage model for the seismic analysis of concrete dams[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1996,25(9):987-1010.
[9]Jeeho Lee,Grengory L,Fenves.A Plastic-damage concrete model for earthquake analysis of dams[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1998,27(9):937-956.
[10]Bolt B A.Duration of strong ground motion[C]∥Proceedings of the5th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.1973,Rome,1,1304-1313.
[11]Trifunac M D,Brady A G.A study on the duration of strong earthquake ground motion[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1975,65(3):581-626.
[12]XIE Lili,ZHOU Yongnian.A new definition of strong ground motion duration[C]∥Proceedings of Abstracts of Symposium5on strong Motion Seismology of the Regional Assembly of IASPEI,Hyderabad,India,1984.
[13]ABAQUS,Inc.ABAQUS/Standard User’s Manual[M].Version6.10.Providence,RI,2010.
[14]Lee J,Fenves L G.Plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete structures[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1998,124(3):892-900.
[15]沈怀至,张楚汉,寇立夯.基于功能的混凝土重力坝地震破坏评价模型[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2007,47(12):2114-2118.SHEN Huaizhi,ZHANG Chuhan,KOU Lihang.Performance-based seismic damage assessment model for concrete gravity dams[J].J Tsinghua Univ(Sci&Tech),2007,47(12):2114-2118.(in Chinese)
[16]范书立,陈明阳,陈健云,柴换成.基于能量耗散碾压混凝土重力坝地震损伤分析[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(4):271-275.FAN Shuli,CHEN Mingyang,CHEN Jianyun,CHAI Huancheng.Seismic damage analysis of a concrete gravity dam based on energy dissipation[J].JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK,2011,30(4):271-275.(in Chinese)
[2]Takizawa H,Jennings P.Collapse of a model for ductile reinforced concrete frames under extreme earthquake motions[J].Earthq.Engng Struct.Dyn.8(1980),pp.117-144.
[3]彭伟文.考虑强震持时的结构损伤评价[D].泉州:华侨大学,2009.PENG Weiwen.Damage Evaluation of structure with strong motion duration taken in to account[D].Quanzhou:Huaqiao Uinversity,2009.(in Chinese)
[4]杜修力,刘勇生.强震持时对钢筋混凝土结构地震累积破坏的影响[J].地震工程与工程振动,1992,12(3):65-69.DU Xiuli,LIU Yongsheng.Influence of strong motion duration on accumulated seismic damage of RC structures[J].EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION,1992,12(3):65-69.(in Chinese)
[5]黄雨,八厚,杉戸真太.强震持时对河流堤防液化特性的影响[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2009,37(10):1313-1318.HUANG Yu,YASHIMA Atsushi,SUGITO Masata.Effects of Strong Ground Motion Duration on Liquefaction Behavior of RiverLevee[J].JOURNAL OF TONGJI UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE),2009,37(10):1313-1318.(in Chinese)
[6]Faria R,Oliver J,Cervera M.Modeling material failure in concrete structures under cyclic actions[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2004,130(12):1997-2005.
[7]Mirzabozorg H,Ghaemian M.Non-linear behavior of mass concrete in three-dimensional problems using a smeared crack approach[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2005,34(3):247-269.
[8]Cervera M,Oliver J,Manzoli O.A rate-dependent isotropic damage model for the seismic analysis of concrete dams[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1996,25(9):987-1010.
[9]Jeeho Lee,Grengory L,Fenves.A Plastic-damage concrete model for earthquake analysis of dams[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1998,27(9):937-956.
[10]Bolt B A.Duration of strong ground motion[C]∥Proceedings of the5th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.1973,Rome,1,1304-1313.
[11]Trifunac M D,Brady A G.A study on the duration of strong earthquake ground motion[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1975,65(3):581-626.
[12]XIE Lili,ZHOU Yongnian.A new definition of strong ground motion duration[C]∥Proceedings of Abstracts of Symposium5on strong Motion Seismology of the Regional Assembly of IASPEI,Hyderabad,India,1984.
[13]ABAQUS,Inc.ABAQUS/Standard User’s Manual[M].Version6.10.Providence,RI,2010.
[14]Lee J,Fenves L G.Plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete structures[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1998,124(3):892-900.
[15]沈怀至,张楚汉,寇立夯.基于功能的混凝土重力坝地震破坏评价模型[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2007,47(12):2114-2118.SHEN Huaizhi,ZHANG Chuhan,KOU Lihang.Performance-based seismic damage assessment model for concrete gravity dams[J].J Tsinghua Univ(Sci&Tech),2007,47(12):2114-2118.(in Chinese)
[16]范书立,陈明阳,陈健云,柴换成.基于能量耗散碾压混凝土重力坝地震损伤分析[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(4):271-275.FAN Shuli,CHEN Mingyang,CHEN Jianyun,CHAI Huancheng.Seismic damage analysis of a concrete gravity dam based on energy dissipation[J].JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK,2011,30(4):271-275.(in Chinese)
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