碳酸钙晶须改善固井水泥浆性能研究
|
摘要
随着油气勘探向深部地层和低渗透油气藏的延伸,对固井水泥浆性能尤其是水泥环的力学性能提出了更高的要求。针对目前固井用纤维所存在的问题,研究了碳酸钙晶须这一无机矿物纤维对固井水泥浆性能的改善作用。实验包括:1晶须水泥浆的流变性和失水量等常规工程性能;2晶须水泥石的1 d、3 d、7 d、14 d和28 d抗压强度、抗折强度和劈裂抗拉强度,使用6265型机械性能测试仪,在不破坏水泥试样的情况下测试了水泥石的抗压强度和杨氏模量发展;3使用5265型静胶凝强度测试仪,测试了水泥浆的静胶凝强度发展,以评价其防气窜性能;4晶须水泥石的孔径和渗透率测试;5用扫描电镜对水泥石微观形貌进行观察,探讨了增强机理。结果表明:1晶须水泥浆工程性能良好;2碳酸钙晶须显著改善水泥石的力学性能,晶须加量为10%时,水泥石28 d抗压强度、抗折强度和劈裂抗拉强度提高33.34%、45%和39.28%;3碳酸钙晶须水泥杨氏模量发展稳定,静胶凝强度发展迅速,防气窜性能良好;4晶须加量为10%时,孔隙度较空白试样降低23.4%,渗透率下降14.3%;5增强机理在于碳酸钙晶须的桥联、控制微裂纹产生和扩展及纤维拔出耗能作用,减缓裂纹的产生和延展。
As the oil and gas exploration in deeper formation and extension of lower permeability reservoirs,cement slurry performance can meet the higher requirements,especially the mechanical properties of cement ring. In view of the present cementing problems with fibers,calcium carbonate whisker,an inorganic mineral fiber,was studied on the properties of cement slurry. The experiment included:( 1) tested the conventional engineering performance such as the rheology and water loss of oil well cement slurry;( 2) Maintained and tested the compressive strength,flexural strength and tensile strength of whisker cements for1 d,3 d,7 d,14 d and 28 d; explored the compressive strength and young's modulus of cement stone without destroying the cement sample by using 6265 type mechanical properties tester;( 3) studied the anti-gas channeling performance and static gel strength of cement slurry by using 5265 type static gelling strength tester;( 4) the pore size and permeability test of the whiskercement stone;( 5) explored the reinforcing mechanism of whisker cement through observing cement microstructure with scanning electron microscopy( SEM). The results showed that:( 1) the whisker slurry had a good engineering performance;( 2) Calcium carbonate whisker can significantly improve the mechanical properties of cement stone. When the whisker was added to 10%,the compressive strength,flexural strength and splitting tensile strength increased by 33. 34%,45% and 39. 28% for 28 d;( 3)the young's modulus developed stability and the static gel strength developed rapidly which guaranteed a better anti-gas channeling performance;( 4) the porosity was lower 23. 4% than the blank sample,and the permeability decreased by 14. 3% with added 10% whisker;( 5) calcium carbonate whisker reinforcing mechanism mainly includes the bridging,control micro crack extension and fiber pull-out,which can slow down the occurrence and extension of the crack,and improve the initial crack strength.
As the oil and gas exploration in deeper formation and extension of lower permeability reservoirs,cement slurry performance can meet the higher requirements,especially the mechanical properties of cement ring. In view of the present cementing problems with fibers,calcium carbonate whisker,an inorganic mineral fiber,was studied on the properties of cement slurry. The experiment included:( 1) tested the conventional engineering performance such as the rheology and water loss of oil well cement slurry;( 2) Maintained and tested the compressive strength,flexural strength and tensile strength of whisker cements for1 d,3 d,7 d,14 d and 28 d; explored the compressive strength and young's modulus of cement stone without destroying the cement sample by using 6265 type mechanical properties tester;( 3) studied the anti-gas channeling performance and static gel strength of cement slurry by using 5265 type static gelling strength tester;( 4) the pore size and permeability test of the whiskercement stone;( 5) explored the reinforcing mechanism of whisker cement through observing cement microstructure with scanning electron microscopy( SEM). The results showed that:( 1) the whisker slurry had a good engineering performance;( 2) Calcium carbonate whisker can significantly improve the mechanical properties of cement stone. When the whisker was added to 10%,the compressive strength,flexural strength and splitting tensile strength increased by 33. 34%,45% and 39. 28% for 28 d;( 3)the young's modulus developed stability and the static gel strength developed rapidly which guaranteed a better anti-gas channeling performance;( 4) the porosity was lower 23. 4% than the blank sample,and the permeability decreased by 14. 3% with added 10% whisker;( 5) calcium carbonate whisker reinforcing mechanism mainly includes the bridging,control micro crack extension and fiber pull-out,which can slow down the occurrence and extension of the crack,and improve the initial crack strength.
引文
[1]吴奇,胥云,刘玉章,等.美国页岩气体积改造技术现状及对我国的启示[J].石油钻采工艺,2011,33(2):1-7.
[2]刘伟,陶谦,丁士东.页岩气水平井固井技术难点分析与对[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(3):40-43.
[3]佟岩,程福全.浅谈大位移井固井技术[J].化学工程与装备,2011,(4):89-99.
[4]王祥林,王允良.射孔对水泥环损伤的综合试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1994,14(1):89-99.
[5]中国石油钻井工程技术研究院.赴欧洲地下储气库考察报告[R].北京:中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院,2011.
[6]Good K J,Crook R J.Cement sheath stress failure[J].SPE.Drill.Eng,1992,7(4):127-136.
[7]Jackson P B,Murphey C E.Effect of casing pressure on gas flow through a sheath of set cement[J].SPE25689,1993.
[8]Boukhelifa L.Evaluation of cement cystems for oil and gas well zonal isolation in a full-scale annular geometry[J].SPE87195,2005.
[9]朱伟强.考虑界面的混凝土弹性模量数值模型[J].低温建筑技术,2014,32(12):9-11.
[10]李超飞,苏有文,陈国平.植物纤维混凝土的研究现状[J].混凝土,2013,(5):55-61.
[11]燕兰,邢永明.纳米Si O2对钢纤维/混凝土高温后力学性能及微观结构的影响[J].复合材料学报,2013,30(3):2084-2089.
[12]Fairchild GH,Thateher R I.Cireularcaleite and aragonite caleium carbonate[J].US Patent,2000,06(06):6071336.
[13]Zhang C,Cao M.Mechanical properties of calcium carbonate whisker-reinforced high-strength cement mortar[J].Journal of Southeast University,2012,28(3):331-336.
[14]步玉环,张乐勇,张春林,等.油气固井纤维的筛选研究[J].石油钻探技术,2005,33(3):16-18.
[15]赖学全.纤维砂浆抗裂性能的研究进展[J].华南地震,2007,34(增刊):57-61.
[16]马勇,范宇,郑莉,等.稳定性对水泥浆过渡时间的影响研究[J].钻采工艺,2012,35(1):85-88.
[17]Kim D H,Park C G.Strength,permeability,and durability of hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete containing styrene butadiene latex[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2013,129(3):1499-1505.
[18]Mingli C,Cong Z,Wei J Q.Microscopic reinforcement for cement based composite materials[J].Construction and Building Materials,2013,(40):14-25.
[19]Faber K T,Evans A G.Crack deflection process.Ⅰ.theory[J].Acta Metallaryica,1983,(4):565-276.
[20]Mustafa S,Yaman O.Hybrid fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete with a high volume coarse fly ash[J].Constructional Building Material,2007,21(1):150-156.
[21]Steffen G,Joost C W.Parameter study on the influence of steel fibers and coarse aggregate content on the fresh properties of self-compacting concrete[J].Cement&Concrete Research,2001,31(12):1793-1798.
[2]刘伟,陶谦,丁士东.页岩气水平井固井技术难点分析与对[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(3):40-43.
[3]佟岩,程福全.浅谈大位移井固井技术[J].化学工程与装备,2011,(4):89-99.
[4]王祥林,王允良.射孔对水泥环损伤的综合试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1994,14(1):89-99.
[5]中国石油钻井工程技术研究院.赴欧洲地下储气库考察报告[R].北京:中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院,2011.
[6]Good K J,Crook R J.Cement sheath stress failure[J].SPE.Drill.Eng,1992,7(4):127-136.
[7]Jackson P B,Murphey C E.Effect of casing pressure on gas flow through a sheath of set cement[J].SPE25689,1993.
[8]Boukhelifa L.Evaluation of cement cystems for oil and gas well zonal isolation in a full-scale annular geometry[J].SPE87195,2005.
[9]朱伟强.考虑界面的混凝土弹性模量数值模型[J].低温建筑技术,2014,32(12):9-11.
[10]李超飞,苏有文,陈国平.植物纤维混凝土的研究现状[J].混凝土,2013,(5):55-61.
[11]燕兰,邢永明.纳米Si O2对钢纤维/混凝土高温后力学性能及微观结构的影响[J].复合材料学报,2013,30(3):2084-2089.
[12]Fairchild GH,Thateher R I.Cireularcaleite and aragonite caleium carbonate[J].US Patent,2000,06(06):6071336.
[13]Zhang C,Cao M.Mechanical properties of calcium carbonate whisker-reinforced high-strength cement mortar[J].Journal of Southeast University,2012,28(3):331-336.
[14]步玉环,张乐勇,张春林,等.油气固井纤维的筛选研究[J].石油钻探技术,2005,33(3):16-18.
[15]赖学全.纤维砂浆抗裂性能的研究进展[J].华南地震,2007,34(增刊):57-61.
[16]马勇,范宇,郑莉,等.稳定性对水泥浆过渡时间的影响研究[J].钻采工艺,2012,35(1):85-88.
[17]Kim D H,Park C G.Strength,permeability,and durability of hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete containing styrene butadiene latex[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2013,129(3):1499-1505.
[18]Mingli C,Cong Z,Wei J Q.Microscopic reinforcement for cement based composite materials[J].Construction and Building Materials,2013,(40):14-25.
[19]Faber K T,Evans A G.Crack deflection process.Ⅰ.theory[J].Acta Metallaryica,1983,(4):565-276.
[20]Mustafa S,Yaman O.Hybrid fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete with a high volume coarse fly ash[J].Constructional Building Material,2007,21(1):150-156.
[21]Steffen G,Joost C W.Parameter study on the influence of steel fibers and coarse aggregate content on the fresh properties of self-compacting concrete[J].Cement&Concrete Research,2001,31(12):1793-1798.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心