外廊式RC框架结构教学楼的抗震性能研究
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摘要
以在2008年汶川特大地震中倒塌的漩口中学综合教学楼震害为背景,对典型外廊式RC框架结构教学楼的抗震性能及倒塌机理进行了研究。以漩口中学教学楼为原型结构,选取最具代表性的三榀横向框架单元:中间榀纯框架、山墙边榀满布填充墙框架及中间榀较大一跨满布填充墙框架,设计制作了3个缩尺比为1/2的考虑楼板翼缘及填充墙作用的单层两不等跨框架试验模型,填充墙材料包括传统的实心黏土砖及目前常用的加气砌块。震害分析及试验研究表明:①现浇楼板的存在是漩口中学教学楼产生"强梁弱柱"式破坏机制的重要原因;②填充墙对框架结构的破坏模式、延性、强度及刚度产生了显著的影响;③当填充墙存在时,外廊柱的存在加重了中柱的破坏程度,试验结果表明结构的倒塌始于中柱,与漩口中学教学楼的倒塌机制吻合。
Based on the investigation on the collapsed Xuankou middle school buildings in 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,the collapse mechanism of typical side corridor school building is studied in this paper.Three of typical transverse frame units of the collapsed building are selected as the prototype,and three 1/2 scale,single-story,two-bay specimens with floor have been tested.Specimen 1 is designed to simulate the intermediate frame without any masonry infill,specimen 2 to simulate the gable frame with traditionally used clay brick masonry fully in-filled in both two spans,and specimen 3 to simulate the intermediate frame with popularly used aerated concrete block masonry fully in-filled in the larger span only.The quasi-static test results for the three specimens show that:(1) The unexpected failure mechanism of "strong beam and weak column" happened in all specimens,the existence of the RC floor cast in-situ is the major cause;(2) Masonry infill take critical role to specimen's lateral stiffness,strength,ductility and the failure pattern;(3) The existence of masonry infill accentuated the damage severity of the central column,the structural collapse initiated from the central column.The collapse pattern consists well with the phenomenon observed in the collapsed Xuankou school buildings.
Based on the investigation on the collapsed Xuankou middle school buildings in 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,the collapse mechanism of typical side corridor school building is studied in this paper.Three of typical transverse frame units of the collapsed building are selected as the prototype,and three 1/2 scale,single-story,two-bay specimens with floor have been tested.Specimen 1 is designed to simulate the intermediate frame without any masonry infill,specimen 2 to simulate the gable frame with traditionally used clay brick masonry fully in-filled in both two spans,and specimen 3 to simulate the intermediate frame with popularly used aerated concrete block masonry fully in-filled in the larger span only.The quasi-static test results for the three specimens show that:(1) The unexpected failure mechanism of "strong beam and weak column" happened in all specimens,the existence of the RC floor cast in-situ is the major cause;(2) Masonry infill take critical role to specimen's lateral stiffness,strength,ductility and the failure pattern;(3) The existence of masonry infill accentuated the damage severity of the central column,the structural collapse initiated from the central column.The collapse pattern consists well with the phenomenon observed in the collapsed Xuankou school buildings.
引文
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[10]刘派.中小学建筑钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震性能研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2011(Liu Pai.Study onseismic behavior of reinforced concrete frame structures forprimary and middle school[D].Xi’an:Xi’an Universityof Architecture&Technology,2011(in Chinese))
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[12]Mehrabi A B,Shing P B,Schuller M P,et al.Experimental evaluation of masonry-infilled RC frames[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1996,122(3):228-237
[13]黄群贤.新型砌体填充墙框架结构抗震性能与弹塑性地震反应分析方法研究[D].泉州:华侨大学,2011(Huang Qunxian.Study on seismic behavior and elastic-plastic analysis method for seismic responses of RC frameinfilled with new masonry[D].Quanzhou:HuaqiaoUniversity,2011(in Chinese))
[2]叶列平,李易,潘鹏.漩口中学建筑震害调查分析[J].建筑结构,2009,39(11):54-57(Ye Lieping,Li Yi,PanPeng.Seismic damages of building structures of XuankouMiddle School in Yingxiu Town[J].Building Structure,2009,39(11):54-57(in Chinese))
[3]孙柏涛,闫培雷,胡春峰,等.汶川8.0级大地震极重灾区映秀镇不同建筑结构震害概述及原因简析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(5):1-9(Sun Baitao,YanPeilei,Hu Chunfeng,et al.Overview on seismic damageto different structures in Yingxiu Town during WenchuanEarthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,2008,28(5):1-9(in Chinese))
[4]李建中,吕西林,李翔,等.汶川地震中钢筋混凝土框架结构的震害[J].结构工程师,2008,24(3):9-11(LiJianzhong,Lu Xilin,Li Xiang,et al.Seismic damage ofreinforced concrete frame structures in Wenchuanearthquake[J].Structural Engineers,2008,24(3):9-11(in Chinese))
[5]徐有邻.汶川震害的教训———教学楼倒塌的反思[J].建筑结构,2009,39(11):50-53(Xu Youlin.Lessons fromWenchuan seismic damage:introspection on the collapse ofclassroom buildings[J].Building Structure,2009,39(11):50-53(in Chinese))
[6]马玉虎,陆新征,叶列平,等.漩口中学典型框架结构震害模拟与分析[J].工程力学,2011,28(5):71-77(MaYuhu,Lu Xinzheng,Ye Lieping,et al.Seismic damagesimulation and analysis of typical RC frames of Xuankouschool[J].Engineering Mechanics,2011,28(5):71-77(in Chinese))
[7]GB50011—2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001(GB50011—2001Code for seismicdesign of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2001(in Chinese))
[8]叶列平,陆新征,赵世春,等.框架结构抗地震倒塌能力的研究———汶川地震极震区几个框架结构震害案例分析[J].建筑结构学报,2009,30(6):67-76(Ye Lieping,Lu Xinzheng,Zhao Shiehun,et al.Seismic collapseresistance of RC frame structures—Case studies on seismicdamages of several RC frame structures under extremeground motion in Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal ofBuilding Structures,2009,30(6):67-76(in Chinese))
[9]叶列平,曲哲,陆新征,等.提高建筑结构抗地震倒塌能力的设计思想与方法[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):42-50(Ye Lieping,Qu Zhe,Lu Xinzheng,et al.Collapse prevention of building structures:a lesson fromthe Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of BuildingStructures,2008,29(4):42-50(in Chinese))
[10]刘派.中小学建筑钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震性能研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2011(Liu Pai.Study onseismic behavior of reinforced concrete frame structures forprimary and middle school[D].Xi’an:Xi’an Universityof Architecture&Technology,2011(in Chinese))
[11]黄思凝.外廊式RC框架地震破坏及倒塌机理研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2012(Huang Sining.Mechanism of seismic damage and collapseof RC frame structure with external corridor[D].Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China EarthquakeAdministration,2012(in Chinese))
[12]Mehrabi A B,Shing P B,Schuller M P,et al.Experimental evaluation of masonry-infilled RC frames[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1996,122(3):228-237
[13]黄群贤.新型砌体填充墙框架结构抗震性能与弹塑性地震反应分析方法研究[D].泉州:华侨大学,2011(Huang Qunxian.Study on seismic behavior and elastic-plastic analysis method for seismic responses of RC frameinfilled with new masonry[D].Quanzhou:HuaqiaoUniversity,2011(in Chinese))
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