地下工程相似模型试验与实际工况的对比分析及误差研究
摘要
作为当前研究地下工程整体稳定性方面的主流方法,相似物理模型试验通过控制边界条件和材料特性,制作与实际地质环境相似的物理模型,应用现代化的试验加载方式和监测手段进行有目的、多角度研究,从而降低了试验规模,节约了试验成本并缩短了试验周期。然而,相似物理模型能否真实地表征实际工程环境并如何合理选取控制量是当前急需解决的问题。本文以公路双车道为例,提出了一种地下工程相似物理模型试验与数值计算结果特征参数的误差分析方法,分别考虑了其在开挖和应力释放后增加了衬砌支护的特征点变形参数,并与不同相似常数下的相似模型特征点参数作对比分析,得到的结论是:一是相似物理模型试验无法保证隧道开挖过程中的特征点参数物理相似,因而是不适合做开挖过程的变形和破坏机理方面的测试研究;二是相似物理模型试验在衬砌支护后特征点参数能够保证物理相似,但仍有不同程度的误差,在相似常数为20时的误差相对较小且经济合理。
引文
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[2]Hashash Y M A,Hook J,Schmidt B,et al.Seismic design and analysis of underground structures[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,2001,(16):247-293
[3]Nakamura S,Yoshida N,Iwatate T.Damage to Daikai Subway Station During the1995Hyogoken-Nambu Earthquake and Its Investigation[J].Japan Society of Civil Engineers,Committee of Earthquake Engineering,1996,287-295.
[4]Tajimi M.Damage done by the great earthquake disaster of the Hanshin-A waji district to the Kobe Municipal Subway System and restoration works of the damage[J].Jpn Railw Eng1996,137:19-23.
[5]Senzai Samata,Hajime Ohuchi,Takashi Matsuda.A study of the damage of subway structures during the 1995 Hanshin-Awaji earthquake[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,1997,19(3):223-239.
[6]伊藤隆吉.中日桥梁抗震设计规范的比较研究[D].上海:同济大学,2001
[7]American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.AASHTO Guide Specifications for LRFD Seismic Bridge Design,2009
[8]范立础等.高架桥梁抗震设计.北京:人民交通出版社
[9]范力,赵斌,吕西林.欧洲规范8与中国抗震设计规范关于抗震设防目标和地震作用的比较[J].结构工程师,2006,22(6):59-63
[10]许江波,郑颖人.埋入式抗滑桩振动台模型试验分析[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(10):1896-1902
[11]林皋,朱彤,林蓓.结构动力模型试验的相似技巧[J].大连理工大学学报,2000,40(1):1-8
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