水体质量对大型梁式渡槽横向抗震性能影响研究
|
摘要
通过对流固耦合动力作用简化方法的研究,用等效的弹簧-质量系统来模拟流体与渡槽结构的动力相互作用,并对某渡槽进行了多种地震波作用下的抗震性能分析,得到了大型梁式渡槽结构的自振特性、地震响应。结果表明:槽内大质量水体对渡槽的横向地震响应有较大的影响,若不考虑槽内的水体将低估渡槽的地震反应;但因水体的晃荡作用减小了水体自身的地震反应,若将水体视为刚体附加到槽体上将严重地夸大水的地震惯性力作用。
To analyze the transverse seismic performance of a large-scale beam aqueduct by considering the water mass influence,the aqueduct of the South to North Water Diversion Project is studied.Through a study of the fluid-structure coupling dynamical action method,we use an equivalent of a spring-mass system(simplified using the Housner water model)for simulating the dynamic interaction of the fluid and the aqueduct structure.The ANSYS finite element software is adopted to estimate the performance of a large-scale aqueduct with a beam.With the time history analysis method,we have investigated the transverse seismic response of the large-scale beam aqueduct using a few types of earthquake waves.Then,the natural vibration characteristics and the seismic response of the large-scale beam aqueduct are obtained considering the fluid-structure coupling interaction.The calculation results show that the water shaking function has a considerable influence on the dynamic characteristics of the aqueduct.The transverse seismic response of the beam aqueduct is significantly influenced by the water mass in the aqueduct.The water shaking function can effectively decrease the seismic response of the water itself.The transverse seismic response of the aqueduct is underestimated if the water in the aqueduct is ignored;however,if all the water in the aqueduct is regarded as a rigid body and appended to the aqueduct,the seismic inertia action of the water is seriously exaggerated and is unreasonable.Consequently,in the dynamic analysis of the large-scale aqueduct,we must consider the fluidstructure coupling interaction.We compare a case in which the fluid-structure coupling interaction is considered and that in which the fluid-structure coupling interaction is not considered;the former's maximum top displacement and bottom moment and the shear of piers are far less than those of the latter.Therefore,we conclude that the water mass influence on the seismic response of the aqueduct is limited.We compare the seismic responses of two different conditions of full trough(considering the fluid-structure interaction)and empty trough and find that the former's maximum top displacement and bottom moment and the shear of piers are all greater than those of the latter.This is because the thankful water increases the quality of the upper portion of the aqueduct structure,which increases the seismic forces acting on the aqueduct.In the aseismic analysis of a large aqueduct,the influence of the water mass should be taken into account.When the water mass remains unchanged,and the aqueduct body changes according to the depth-width ratio,the natural frequency of the water in the aqueduct and the natural frequency of the aqueduct vibration change;however,the changes are not considerable.The change of the largest displacement of the piers on the top and the greatest moment and shear of the piers at the bottom depended on the depth-width ratio.Therefore,while selecting an aqueduct section,we should take the depth-width ratio of the seismic response of the piers into account.To some extent,the selection of a reasonable section can reduce the seismic response of the aqueduct.The fluid-structure interaction of the fluid and the aqueduct should be known for the estimation of both the impulse pressure and the convection pressure.The sloshing fluid produces a complex reaction on the aqueduct body;hence,we cannot simply consider all water quality values to be the added mass to the aqueduct body.
To analyze the transverse seismic performance of a large-scale beam aqueduct by considering the water mass influence,the aqueduct of the South to North Water Diversion Project is studied.Through a study of the fluid-structure coupling dynamical action method,we use an equivalent of a spring-mass system(simplified using the Housner water model)for simulating the dynamic interaction of the fluid and the aqueduct structure.The ANSYS finite element software is adopted to estimate the performance of a large-scale aqueduct with a beam.With the time history analysis method,we have investigated the transverse seismic response of the large-scale beam aqueduct using a few types of earthquake waves.Then,the natural vibration characteristics and the seismic response of the large-scale beam aqueduct are obtained considering the fluid-structure coupling interaction.The calculation results show that the water shaking function has a considerable influence on the dynamic characteristics of the aqueduct.The transverse seismic response of the beam aqueduct is significantly influenced by the water mass in the aqueduct.The water shaking function can effectively decrease the seismic response of the water itself.The transverse seismic response of the aqueduct is underestimated if the water in the aqueduct is ignored;however,if all the water in the aqueduct is regarded as a rigid body and appended to the aqueduct,the seismic inertia action of the water is seriously exaggerated and is unreasonable.Consequently,in the dynamic analysis of the large-scale aqueduct,we must consider the fluidstructure coupling interaction.We compare a case in which the fluid-structure coupling interaction is considered and that in which the fluid-structure coupling interaction is not considered;the former's maximum top displacement and bottom moment and the shear of piers are far less than those of the latter.Therefore,we conclude that the water mass influence on the seismic response of the aqueduct is limited.We compare the seismic responses of two different conditions of full trough(considering the fluid-structure interaction)and empty trough and find that the former's maximum top displacement and bottom moment and the shear of piers are all greater than those of the latter.This is because the thankful water increases the quality of the upper portion of the aqueduct structure,which increases the seismic forces acting on the aqueduct.In the aseismic analysis of a large aqueduct,the influence of the water mass should be taken into account.When the water mass remains unchanged,and the aqueduct body changes according to the depth-width ratio,the natural frequency of the water in the aqueduct and the natural frequency of the aqueduct vibration change;however,the changes are not considerable.The change of the largest displacement of the piers on the top and the greatest moment and shear of the piers at the bottom depended on the depth-width ratio.Therefore,while selecting an aqueduct section,we should take the depth-width ratio of the seismic response of the piers into account.To some extent,the selection of a reasonable section can reduce the seismic response of the aqueduct.The fluid-structure interaction of the fluid and the aqueduct should be known for the estimation of both the impulse pressure and the convection pressure.The sloshing fluid produces a complex reaction on the aqueduct body;hence,we cannot simply consider all water quality values to be the added mass to the aqueduct body.
引文
[1]季日臣,陈尧隆.大型多纵梁矩形渡槽结构静力计算方法研究[J].水力发电学报,2005,24(5):80-84.JI Ri-chen,CHEN Yao-long.Static Calculation Studies of Large-scale Multi-beam Rectangle Aqueduct Structure[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2005,24(5):80-84.(in Chinese)
[2]王博,徐建国.大型渡槽考虑土-结构相互作用的动力分析[J].世界地震工程,2004,23(5):40-43.WANG Bo,XU Jian-guo.Dynamic Analysis of the Large-scale Aqueduct Considered Soil-structure Interaction[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2004,23(5):40-43.(in Chinese)
[3]吴轶,莫海鸿,杨春.排架—渡槽—水三维耦合体系地震响应分析[J].水利学报,2005,36(3),280-285.WU Yi,Mo Hai-hong,Yang Chun.Seismic Response of Frame-supported Large Rectangular Aqueduct-water 3-D Coupling System[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering.2005,36(3):280-285.(in Chinese)
[4]刘云贺.流体—固体动力耦合理论及水利工程应用[D].西安:西安交通大学,2001.LIU Yun-he.The Fluid-structure Dynamic Coupling Theory and Hydraulic Engineering Application[D].Xi'an:Xi'an Jiaotong University,2001.(in Chinese)
[5]中国人民共和国水利部.水工建筑物抗震设计规范(SL20347)[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1998.Ministry of Water Resources of People's Republic of China.Specifications of Earthquake Resistant Design for Hydraulic Structure(SL20347)[S].Beijing:Chinese Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Press,1998.(in Chinese)
[6]中国人民共和国交通部.公路工程抗震设计规范(JTJ004-89)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,1999.Ministry of Traffic of People's Republic of China.Specifications of Earthquake Resistant Design for Highway Engineering(JTJ004-89)[S].Beijing:People Traffic Press,1999.(in Chinese)
[7]居荣初,曾心传.弹性结构与液体的耦联振动理论[M].北京:地震出版社,1983.JU Rong-chu,Zeng Xin-chuan.Elasticity Structure and the Liquid Couple Vibration Theory[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1983.(in Chinese)
[8]刘云贺.Housner模型在渡槽抗震计算中的实用性[J].水利学报,2002,33(9):94-99.LIU Yun-he.Applicability of Housner Model to Aseismic Characteristics Calculation of Aqueduct[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2002,33(9):94-99.(in Chinese)
[9]吴小峰,孙启国,狄杰建,等.抗震分析反应谱法和时程分析法数值仿真比较[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(3):275-278.WU Xiao-feng,SUN Qi-guo,DI Jie-jian,et al.A Numerical Simulation Comparison Between Response Spectrum Analysis and Time History Analysis[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2011,33(3):275-278.(in Chinese)
[10]李林.罕遇地震下空心薄壁高墩大跨T形刚构桥弹塑性地震反应分析[J].地震工程学报,2013,35(1):56-61.LI Lin.Elastic-plastic Seismic Response Analysis of Hollow Thin-walled High-pier Large-span T-shaped Rigid Frame Bridge under High-level Earthquake Conditions[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2013,35(1):56-61.(in Chinese)
[2]王博,徐建国.大型渡槽考虑土-结构相互作用的动力分析[J].世界地震工程,2004,23(5):40-43.WANG Bo,XU Jian-guo.Dynamic Analysis of the Large-scale Aqueduct Considered Soil-structure Interaction[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2004,23(5):40-43.(in Chinese)
[3]吴轶,莫海鸿,杨春.排架—渡槽—水三维耦合体系地震响应分析[J].水利学报,2005,36(3),280-285.WU Yi,Mo Hai-hong,Yang Chun.Seismic Response of Frame-supported Large Rectangular Aqueduct-water 3-D Coupling System[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering.2005,36(3):280-285.(in Chinese)
[4]刘云贺.流体—固体动力耦合理论及水利工程应用[D].西安:西安交通大学,2001.LIU Yun-he.The Fluid-structure Dynamic Coupling Theory and Hydraulic Engineering Application[D].Xi'an:Xi'an Jiaotong University,2001.(in Chinese)
[5]中国人民共和国水利部.水工建筑物抗震设计规范(SL20347)[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1998.Ministry of Water Resources of People's Republic of China.Specifications of Earthquake Resistant Design for Hydraulic Structure(SL20347)[S].Beijing:Chinese Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Press,1998.(in Chinese)
[6]中国人民共和国交通部.公路工程抗震设计规范(JTJ004-89)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,1999.Ministry of Traffic of People's Republic of China.Specifications of Earthquake Resistant Design for Highway Engineering(JTJ004-89)[S].Beijing:People Traffic Press,1999.(in Chinese)
[7]居荣初,曾心传.弹性结构与液体的耦联振动理论[M].北京:地震出版社,1983.JU Rong-chu,Zeng Xin-chuan.Elasticity Structure and the Liquid Couple Vibration Theory[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1983.(in Chinese)
[8]刘云贺.Housner模型在渡槽抗震计算中的实用性[J].水利学报,2002,33(9):94-99.LIU Yun-he.Applicability of Housner Model to Aseismic Characteristics Calculation of Aqueduct[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2002,33(9):94-99.(in Chinese)
[9]吴小峰,孙启国,狄杰建,等.抗震分析反应谱法和时程分析法数值仿真比较[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(3):275-278.WU Xiao-feng,SUN Qi-guo,DI Jie-jian,et al.A Numerical Simulation Comparison Between Response Spectrum Analysis and Time History Analysis[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2011,33(3):275-278.(in Chinese)
[10]李林.罕遇地震下空心薄壁高墩大跨T形刚构桥弹塑性地震反应分析[J].地震工程学报,2013,35(1):56-61.LI Lin.Elastic-plastic Seismic Response Analysis of Hollow Thin-walled High-pier Large-span T-shaped Rigid Frame Bridge under High-level Earthquake Conditions[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2013,35(1):56-61.(in Chinese)
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心