含泥化夹层顺层和反倾岩质边坡动力响应差异性研究
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摘要
设计并制作了两个同尺寸的含泥化夹层顺层和反倾岩质边坡,并进行了大型振动台试验,对含泥化夹层顺层和反倾岩质边坡的动力响应差异性进行了分析,研究结果表明:顺层边坡坡体内部加速度放大系数整体上小于反倾边坡;在坡体中上部(相对高度大于0.4),顺层边坡坡面加速度放大系数大于反倾边坡,在坡体下部(相对高度小于等于0.4),顺层边坡坡面加速度放大系数与反倾边坡近似相等;顺层边坡和反倾边坡坡面位移随输入地震动强度增大而大幅度增加,顺层边坡坡面位移大于反倾边坡,且随着输入地震波幅值的增加,顺层边坡和反倾边坡坡顶位移之间的差值增大;反倾边坡较顺层边坡具有更高的地震稳定性;顺层边坡破坏形式主要表现为坡体后缘的垂直张拉裂隙、岩层沿泥化夹层的顺层滑动以及坡顶岩块崩落,而反倾边坡的破坏形式主要表现为坡面水平向和垂直向裂隙交错、泥化夹层挤出以及坡顶被震碎。
Two models with the same dimension, bedding and count-tilt rock slopes with siltized intercalation are designed, and large-scale shaking table tests are performed to analyze the seismic response differences between bedding and count-tilt rock slopes with siltized intercalation. The research results show that the acceleration amplification coefficient in the bedding rock slope is smaller than that in the count-tilt rock slope. The acceleration amplification coefficient on slope face of the bedding rock slope is larger than that of the count-tilt rock slope at the middle and upper parts of slope, where the elevation height is not less than 0.4, while the acceleration amplification coefficient on slope face of the bedding rock slope is close to that of the count-tilt rock slope at the lower part of slope, where the elevation height is less than 0.4. The displacements on slope faces of both the bedding and count-tilt rock slopes increase with the increase of the amplitude of input seismic waves, but the displacement on slope face of bedding rock slope is larger than that of count-tilt rock slope, and the difference value between increases with the amplitude of input seismic waves. The seismic stability of the bedding rock slope is stronger than that of the count-tilt rock slope; the failure forms of bedding rock slope mainly include vertical tension crack at the back edge, bedding sliding at mud layer and caving rocks at slope top, while those of the count-tilt mainly include intersect of horizontal and vertical cracks, squeezed siltized intercalation and shattered slope top.
Two models with the same dimension, bedding and count-tilt rock slopes with siltized intercalation are designed, and large-scale shaking table tests are performed to analyze the seismic response differences between bedding and count-tilt rock slopes with siltized intercalation. The research results show that the acceleration amplification coefficient in the bedding rock slope is smaller than that in the count-tilt rock slope. The acceleration amplification coefficient on slope face of the bedding rock slope is larger than that of the count-tilt rock slope at the middle and upper parts of slope, where the elevation height is not less than 0.4, while the acceleration amplification coefficient on slope face of the bedding rock slope is close to that of the count-tilt rock slope at the lower part of slope, where the elevation height is less than 0.4. The displacements on slope faces of both the bedding and count-tilt rock slopes increase with the increase of the amplitude of input seismic waves, but the displacement on slope face of bedding rock slope is larger than that of count-tilt rock slope, and the difference value between increases with the amplitude of input seismic waves. The seismic stability of the bedding rock slope is stronger than that of the count-tilt rock slope; the failure forms of bedding rock slope mainly include vertical tension crack at the back edge, bedding sliding at mud layer and caving rocks at slope top, while those of the count-tilt mainly include intersect of horizontal and vertical cracks, squeezed siltized intercalation and shattered slope top.
引文
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[11]董金玉,杨国香,伍法权,等.地震作用下顺层岩质边坡动力响应和破坏模式大型振动台试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(10):2977–2988.(DONG Jin-yu,YANG Guo-xiang,WU Fa-quan,et al.The large-scale shaking table test study of dynamic response and failure mode of bedding rock slope under earthquake[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(10):2977–2988.(in Chinese))
[12]刘汉香,许强,徐鸿彪,等.斜坡动力变形破坏特征的振动台模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(2):334–339.(LIU Han-xiang,XU Qiang,XU Hong-biao,et al.Shaking table model test on slope dynamic deformation and failure[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(2):334–339.(in Chinese))
[13]文畅平,杨果林.地震作用下挡土墙位移模式的振动台试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(7):1502–1512.(WEN Chang-ping,YANG Guo-lin.Large-scale shaking table tests study of seismic displacement mode of retaining structures under earthquake loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(7):1502–1512.(in Chinese))
[14]张建经,韩鹏飞.重力式挡墙基于位移的抗震设计方法研究-大型振动台模型试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(3):417–423.(ZHANG Jian-jing,HAN Peng-fei.Displacement based seismic design method for gravity retaining walls-large scale shaking table tests[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,34(3):417–423.(in Chinese))
[15]曲宏略,张建经.地基条件对挡土墙地震土压力影响的振动台试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(7):1228–1233.(QU Hong-lue,ZHANG Jian-jing.Shaking table tests on influence of site conditions on seismic earth pressures of retaining wall[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,34(7):1228–1233.(in Chinese))
[16]袁文忠.相似理论与静力学模型试验[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1998:112–119.(YUAN Wen-zhong.Similarity theory and statics model test[M].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University Press,1998:112–119.(in Chinese))
[17]龚裔芳,金福喜,张可能,等.红砂岩泥化夹层力学特性及其对边坡稳定性的影响[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2010,29(2):220–223.(GONG Yi-fang,JIN Fu-xi,ZHANG Ke-neng,et al.Influence on slope stability of physical-mechanical property of clayer thin interlayer in red sandstone[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science),2010,29(2):220–223.(in Chinese))
[18]杨长卫,高洪波,张建经.岩质高陡边坡地震动力响应共性和差异性[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2013,45(3):18–26.(YANG Chang-wei,GAO Hong-bo,ZHANG Jian-jing.Research on the generality and otherness of seismic responses of the steep rock slope[J].Journal of Sichuan University:Engineering Science Edition,2013,45(3):18–26.(in Chinese))
[2]李秀珍,孔纪名,邓红艳,等.“5.12”汶川地震滑坡特征及失稳破坏模式分析[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2009,41(3):72–77.(LI Xiu-zhen,KONG Ji-ming,DENG Hong-yan,et al.Analysis on Characteristics and Deformation Failure Mode of Large-scale Landslides Induced by“5.12”Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),2009,41(3):72–77.(in Chinese))
[3]许冲,戴福初,肖建章."5.12"汶川地震诱发滑坡特征参数统计分析[J].自然灾害学报,2011,20(4):147-153.(XU Chong,DAI Fu-chu,XIAO Jian-zhang.Statistical analysis of characteristic parameters of landslides triggered by May 12,2008 Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2011,20(4):147–153.(in Chinese))
[4]罗刚,胡卸文,张耀.平面滑动型岩质边坡地震动力响应[J].西南交通大学学报,2010,45(4):521–526.(LUO Gang,HU Xie-wen,ZHANG Yao.Seimic dynamic responses of plane sliding rock slope[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2010,45(4):521–526.(in Chinese))
[5]肖克强,李海波,刘亚群,等.地震荷载作用下顺层岩体边坡变形特征分析[J].岩土力学,2007,28(8):1557–1564.(XIAO Ke-qiang,LI Hai-bo,LIU Ya-qun,et al.Study on deformation characteristics of bedding slopes under earthquake[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(8):1557–1564.(in Chinese))
[6]黄润秋,李果,巨能攀.层状岩体斜坡强震动力响应的振动台试验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(5):865–875.(HUANG Run-qiu,LI Guo,JU Neng-pan.Shaking table test on strong earthquake response of stratified rock slopes[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(5):865–875.(in Chinese))
[7]黄秋香,汪家林.某具有软弱夹层的反倾岩坡变形特征探索[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(5):109–114.(HUANG Qiu-xiang,WANG Jia-lin.Study of the deformation characteristics of an anti-dip slope with soft internal layers[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011,44(5):109–114.(in Chinese))
[8]余业.反倾岩质滑坡成因机制及动力响应研究-以汶川地震透发罐滩滑坡为例[D].成都:成都理工大学,2011.(YE Yu.Research on formation mechanism and dynamic response of counter-tilt rock slopes-taking the Guantan landslide induced by Wenchuan Earthquake as example[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2011.(in Chinese))
[9]刘华丽,朱大勇,钱七虎,等.边坡三维端部效应分析[J].岩土力学,2011,32(6):1905–1909.(LIU Hua-li,ZHU Da-yong,QIAN Qi-hu,et al.Analysis of three-dimensional end effects of slopes[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(6):1905–1909.(in Chinese))
[10]卢坤林,朱大勇,许强,等.三维滑裂面形状对安全系数的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(S2):3679–3685.(LU Kun-lin,ZHU Da-yong,XU Qiang,et al.Impact of 3D slip surface's shape on factor of safety[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(S2):3679–3685.(in Chinese))
[11]董金玉,杨国香,伍法权,等.地震作用下顺层岩质边坡动力响应和破坏模式大型振动台试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(10):2977–2988.(DONG Jin-yu,YANG Guo-xiang,WU Fa-quan,et al.The large-scale shaking table test study of dynamic response and failure mode of bedding rock slope under earthquake[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(10):2977–2988.(in Chinese))
[12]刘汉香,许强,徐鸿彪,等.斜坡动力变形破坏特征的振动台模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(2):334–339.(LIU Han-xiang,XU Qiang,XU Hong-biao,et al.Shaking table model test on slope dynamic deformation and failure[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(2):334–339.(in Chinese))
[13]文畅平,杨果林.地震作用下挡土墙位移模式的振动台试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(7):1502–1512.(WEN Chang-ping,YANG Guo-lin.Large-scale shaking table tests study of seismic displacement mode of retaining structures under earthquake loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(7):1502–1512.(in Chinese))
[14]张建经,韩鹏飞.重力式挡墙基于位移的抗震设计方法研究-大型振动台模型试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(3):417–423.(ZHANG Jian-jing,HAN Peng-fei.Displacement based seismic design method for gravity retaining walls-large scale shaking table tests[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,34(3):417–423.(in Chinese))
[15]曲宏略,张建经.地基条件对挡土墙地震土压力影响的振动台试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(7):1228–1233.(QU Hong-lue,ZHANG Jian-jing.Shaking table tests on influence of site conditions on seismic earth pressures of retaining wall[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,34(7):1228–1233.(in Chinese))
[16]袁文忠.相似理论与静力学模型试验[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1998:112–119.(YUAN Wen-zhong.Similarity theory and statics model test[M].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University Press,1998:112–119.(in Chinese))
[17]龚裔芳,金福喜,张可能,等.红砂岩泥化夹层力学特性及其对边坡稳定性的影响[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2010,29(2):220–223.(GONG Yi-fang,JIN Fu-xi,ZHANG Ke-neng,et al.Influence on slope stability of physical-mechanical property of clayer thin interlayer in red sandstone[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science),2010,29(2):220–223.(in Chinese))
[18]杨长卫,高洪波,张建经.岩质高陡边坡地震动力响应共性和差异性[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2013,45(3):18–26.(YANG Chang-wei,GAO Hong-bo,ZHANG Jian-jing.Research on the generality and otherness of seismic responses of the steep rock slope[J].Journal of Sichuan University:Engineering Science Edition,2013,45(3):18–26.(in Chinese))
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