结构面剪切过程中声发射特性的试验研究
|
摘要
为研究结构面岩体在压剪荷载作用下的声发射特征和规律,利用水泥砂浆作为模型材料制作具有不同起伏高度的不规则锯齿形结构面,研究不同起伏高度、不同剪切速率和不同法向压力下声发射参数的变化规律和发生机制。试验结果表明:结构面剪切时理想的累积撞击曲线可以划分为平静期、缓慢上升期和急剧上升期3个阶段;随结构面起伏高度的增大,发生宏观剪切破坏时能量率峰值变大、累积撞击数变小;随剪切速率的增大,能量率曲线和撞击率曲线在剪切过程中波动性增强,能量率峰值、撞击率峰值和累积能量随剪切速率的增大有减小的趋势;声发射参数随法向压力变化规律性不强,但随法向压力的增大,破坏时对应的能量率峰值和累积能量有减小的趋势,撞击率峰值和累积撞击数有增大的趋势。研究成果可为声发射技术用于监测和预报现场结构面岩体的静力或动力剪切破坏提供指导。
To investigate the acoustic emission(AE) characteristics and laws of rock discontinuity under compression-shear stress,irregular serrated discontinuities with different asperity height were made of cement mortar and change laws of AE parameters and their mechanism of the discontinuities at different asperity height,shearing velocity and different normal stress are studied. Experimental results indicate that the ideal cumulative hits of discontinuity during shearing can be divided into three stages——quiet period,slow rise period and sharp growth period. It can be found that the peak energy rate increases while cumulative hits decrease with the increase of discontinuity asperity height when macroscopic shear failure occurs. With increase of shearing velocity,curves of energy rate and hit rate become higher volatility and peak energy rate,peak hit rate and cumulative energy tend to decrease. Change laws of AE parameters is not very obvious with the change of normal stress,but peak energy rate and cumulative energy tend to decrease while peak hit rate and cumulative hits increase with the increase of normal stress. Research results can provide guidance for applications of acoustic emission techniques into monitoring and prediction of the static or dynamic shear failure of in-situ rock discontinuities.
To investigate the acoustic emission(AE) characteristics and laws of rock discontinuity under compression-shear stress,irregular serrated discontinuities with different asperity height were made of cement mortar and change laws of AE parameters and their mechanism of the discontinuities at different asperity height,shearing velocity and different normal stress are studied. Experimental results indicate that the ideal cumulative hits of discontinuity during shearing can be divided into three stages——quiet period,slow rise period and sharp growth period. It can be found that the peak energy rate increases while cumulative hits decrease with the increase of discontinuity asperity height when macroscopic shear failure occurs. With increase of shearing velocity,curves of energy rate and hit rate become higher volatility and peak energy rate,peak hit rate and cumulative energy tend to decrease. Change laws of AE parameters is not very obvious with the change of normal stress,but peak energy rate and cumulative energy tend to decrease while peak hit rate and cumulative hits increase with the increase of normal stress. Research results can provide guidance for applications of acoustic emission techniques into monitoring and prediction of the static or dynamic shear failure of in-situ rock discontinuities.
引文
[1]蔡耀军,徐福兴.大坝建基岩体抗剪强度取值[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(7):1 040–1 044.(CAI Yaojun,XU Fuxing.Determination of the rockmass shear strength on the dam foundation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(7):1 040–1 044.(in Chinese))
[2]周小平,张永兴.大厂铜坑矿细脉带岩石结构面直剪试验中声发射特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(5):724–727.(ZHOU Xiaoping,ZHANG Yongxing.Study on the property of acoustic emission straingt shearing test of rock join in Dachang Tongken mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(5):724–727.(in Chinese))
[3]潘一山,王来贵,章梦涛,等.断层冲击地压发生的理论与试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(6):642–649.(PAN Yishan,WANG Laigui,ZHANG Mengtao,et al.The theoretical and testing study of fault rockburst[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1998,17(6):642–649.(in Chinese))
[4]ZHANG C,FENG X T,ZHOU H,et al.Case histories of four extremely intense rockbursts in deep tunnels[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2012,45(3):275–288.
[5]BANDIS S C,LUMDEN A C,BARTON N R.Fundamentals of rock joint deformation[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1983,20(6):249–268.
[6]李海波,刘博,冯海鹏,等.模拟岩石节理试样剪切变形特征和破坏机制研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(7):1 741–1 746.(LI Haibo,LIU Bo,FENG Haipeng,et al.Study of deformability behaviour and failure mechanism by simulating rock joints sample under different loading conditions[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(7):1 741–1 746.(in Chinese))
[7]沈明荣,张清照.规则齿型结构面剪切特性的模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(4):713–719.(SHEN Mingrong,ZHANG Qingzhao.Experimental study of shear deformation characteristics of rock mass discontinuities[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(4):713–719.(in Chinese))
[8]唐志成,夏才初,宋英龙,等.人工模拟节理峰值剪胀模型及峰值抗剪强度分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(增1):3 038–3 044.(TANG Zhicheng,XIA Caichu,SONG Yinglong,et al.Model of peak dilation angle and peak shear strength of artificial joint[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(Supp.1):3 038–3 044.(in Chinese))
[9]李庶林,尹贤刚,王泳嘉,等.单轴受压岩石破坏全过程声发射特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2 499–2 503.(LI Shulin,YIN Xiangang,WANG Yongjia,et al.Studies on acoustic emission characteristics of uniaxial compressive rock failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(15):2 499–2 503.(in Chinese))
[10]左建平,裴建良,刘建锋,等.煤岩体破裂过程中声发射行为及时空演化机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(8):1 564–1 570.(ZUO Jianping,PEI Jianliang,LIU Jianfeng,et al.Investigation on acoustic emission behavior and its time-space evolution mechanism in failure process of coal-rock combined body[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(8):1 564–1 570.(in Chinese))
[11]陈炳瑞,冯夏庭,肖亚勋,等.深埋隧洞TBM施工过程围岩损伤演化声发射试验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(8):1 562–1 569.(CHEN Bingrui,FENG Xiating,XIAO Yaxun,et al.Acoustic emission test on damage evolution of surrounding rock in deep tunnel during TBM excavation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(8):1 562–1 569.(in Chinese))
[12]许江,吴慧,陆丽丰,等.不同含水状态下砂岩剪切过程中声特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(5):914–920.(XU Jiang,WU Hui,LU Lifeng,et al.Experimental study of acoustic emission characteristic during shearing process of sandstone under different water content[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(5):914–920.(in Chinese))
[13]许江,刘义鑫,吴慧,等.剪切荷载条件下岩石细观破坏及声发射特性研[J].矿业安全与环保,2013,40(1):12–16.(XU Jiang,LIU Yixin,WU Hui,et al.Research on microscopic failure and acoustic emission characteristics of rock under shear load,Mining Safety and Environmental Protection,2013,40(1):12–16.(in Chinese))
[14]聂百胜,何学秋,王恩元,等.煤体剪切破坏工程电磁辐射与声发射研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002,31(6):609–611.(NIE Baisheng,HE Xueqiu,WANG Enyuan,et al.Study on electromagnetic radiation and acoustic emission in shearing process of coal[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2002,31(6):609–611.(in Chinese))
[15]李西蒙,黄炳香,刘长友,等.压剪破坏条件下型煤的声发射特征研究[J].湖南科技大学学报:自然科学版,2010,25(1):22–26.(LI Ximeng,HUANG Bingxiang,LIU Changyou,et al.Study on acoustic emission characteristics of mould coal under compression-shear conditions[J].Journal of Hunan University of Science and Technology:Natural Science,2010,25(1):22–26.(in Chinese))
[16]徐东强.采场围岩沿结构面滑移破坏时的声发射特征[J].金属矿山,1996,(1):22–25.(XU Dongqiang.Sound projection characteristic in sliding failure of enclosing rock within stop along structure plane[J].Metal Mine,1996,(1):22–25.(in Chinese))
[17]曾正文,马瑾,吴秀全,等.单节理岩体变形与破坏过程中声发射能量的特征及意义[J].地震地质,1994,16(1):71–77.(ZENG Zhengwen,MA Jin,WU Xiuquan,et al.Characteristics and implications of acoustic emission energy in the process of deformation and failure of single-joint rockmass[J].Seismology and Geology,1994,16(1):71–77.(in Chinese))
[18]MORADIAN Z A,BALLIVY G,RIVARD P,et al.Evaluating damage during shear tests of rock joints using acoustic emission[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2010,47(4):590–598.
[19]陆丽丰.煤岩细观剪切破坏及其声发射特性的试验研究[硕士学位论文][D].重庆:重庆大学,2011.(LU lifeng.Experimental research on microscopic shear failure and acoustic emission characteristics of coal or rock[M.S.Thesis][D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2011.(in Chinese))
[20]范雷,周火明,熊诗湖.现场岩体直剪试验声发射特征及其破坏机制[J].长江科学院院报,2012,29(8):29–32.(FAN Lei,ZHOU Huoming,XIONG Shihu.Acoustic emission characteristics and failure mechanism of rock mass in field shear test[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2012,29(8):29–32.(in Chinese))
[21]周辉,孟凡震,卢景景,等.硬岩裂纹起裂强度和损伤强度取值方法探讨[J].岩土力学,2014,35(4):913–918.(ZHOU Hui,MENG Fanzhen,LU Jingjing,et al.Discussion on methods for calculating crack initiation stress and crack damage stress for hard rock[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(4):913–918.(in Chinese))
[2]周小平,张永兴.大厂铜坑矿细脉带岩石结构面直剪试验中声发射特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(5):724–727.(ZHOU Xiaoping,ZHANG Yongxing.Study on the property of acoustic emission straingt shearing test of rock join in Dachang Tongken mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(5):724–727.(in Chinese))
[3]潘一山,王来贵,章梦涛,等.断层冲击地压发生的理论与试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(6):642–649.(PAN Yishan,WANG Laigui,ZHANG Mengtao,et al.The theoretical and testing study of fault rockburst[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1998,17(6):642–649.(in Chinese))
[4]ZHANG C,FENG X T,ZHOU H,et al.Case histories of four extremely intense rockbursts in deep tunnels[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2012,45(3):275–288.
[5]BANDIS S C,LUMDEN A C,BARTON N R.Fundamentals of rock joint deformation[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1983,20(6):249–268.
[6]李海波,刘博,冯海鹏,等.模拟岩石节理试样剪切变形特征和破坏机制研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(7):1 741–1 746.(LI Haibo,LIU Bo,FENG Haipeng,et al.Study of deformability behaviour and failure mechanism by simulating rock joints sample under different loading conditions[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(7):1 741–1 746.(in Chinese))
[7]沈明荣,张清照.规则齿型结构面剪切特性的模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(4):713–719.(SHEN Mingrong,ZHANG Qingzhao.Experimental study of shear deformation characteristics of rock mass discontinuities[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(4):713–719.(in Chinese))
[8]唐志成,夏才初,宋英龙,等.人工模拟节理峰值剪胀模型及峰值抗剪强度分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(增1):3 038–3 044.(TANG Zhicheng,XIA Caichu,SONG Yinglong,et al.Model of peak dilation angle and peak shear strength of artificial joint[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(Supp.1):3 038–3 044.(in Chinese))
[9]李庶林,尹贤刚,王泳嘉,等.单轴受压岩石破坏全过程声发射特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2 499–2 503.(LI Shulin,YIN Xiangang,WANG Yongjia,et al.Studies on acoustic emission characteristics of uniaxial compressive rock failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(15):2 499–2 503.(in Chinese))
[10]左建平,裴建良,刘建锋,等.煤岩体破裂过程中声发射行为及时空演化机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(8):1 564–1 570.(ZUO Jianping,PEI Jianliang,LIU Jianfeng,et al.Investigation on acoustic emission behavior and its time-space evolution mechanism in failure process of coal-rock combined body[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(8):1 564–1 570.(in Chinese))
[11]陈炳瑞,冯夏庭,肖亚勋,等.深埋隧洞TBM施工过程围岩损伤演化声发射试验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(8):1 562–1 569.(CHEN Bingrui,FENG Xiating,XIAO Yaxun,et al.Acoustic emission test on damage evolution of surrounding rock in deep tunnel during TBM excavation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(8):1 562–1 569.(in Chinese))
[12]许江,吴慧,陆丽丰,等.不同含水状态下砂岩剪切过程中声特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(5):914–920.(XU Jiang,WU Hui,LU Lifeng,et al.Experimental study of acoustic emission characteristic during shearing process of sandstone under different water content[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(5):914–920.(in Chinese))
[13]许江,刘义鑫,吴慧,等.剪切荷载条件下岩石细观破坏及声发射特性研[J].矿业安全与环保,2013,40(1):12–16.(XU Jiang,LIU Yixin,WU Hui,et al.Research on microscopic failure and acoustic emission characteristics of rock under shear load,Mining Safety and Environmental Protection,2013,40(1):12–16.(in Chinese))
[14]聂百胜,何学秋,王恩元,等.煤体剪切破坏工程电磁辐射与声发射研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002,31(6):609–611.(NIE Baisheng,HE Xueqiu,WANG Enyuan,et al.Study on electromagnetic radiation and acoustic emission in shearing process of coal[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2002,31(6):609–611.(in Chinese))
[15]李西蒙,黄炳香,刘长友,等.压剪破坏条件下型煤的声发射特征研究[J].湖南科技大学学报:自然科学版,2010,25(1):22–26.(LI Ximeng,HUANG Bingxiang,LIU Changyou,et al.Study on acoustic emission characteristics of mould coal under compression-shear conditions[J].Journal of Hunan University of Science and Technology:Natural Science,2010,25(1):22–26.(in Chinese))
[16]徐东强.采场围岩沿结构面滑移破坏时的声发射特征[J].金属矿山,1996,(1):22–25.(XU Dongqiang.Sound projection characteristic in sliding failure of enclosing rock within stop along structure plane[J].Metal Mine,1996,(1):22–25.(in Chinese))
[17]曾正文,马瑾,吴秀全,等.单节理岩体变形与破坏过程中声发射能量的特征及意义[J].地震地质,1994,16(1):71–77.(ZENG Zhengwen,MA Jin,WU Xiuquan,et al.Characteristics and implications of acoustic emission energy in the process of deformation and failure of single-joint rockmass[J].Seismology and Geology,1994,16(1):71–77.(in Chinese))
[18]MORADIAN Z A,BALLIVY G,RIVARD P,et al.Evaluating damage during shear tests of rock joints using acoustic emission[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2010,47(4):590–598.
[19]陆丽丰.煤岩细观剪切破坏及其声发射特性的试验研究[硕士学位论文][D].重庆:重庆大学,2011.(LU lifeng.Experimental research on microscopic shear failure and acoustic emission characteristics of coal or rock[M.S.Thesis][D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2011.(in Chinese))
[20]范雷,周火明,熊诗湖.现场岩体直剪试验声发射特征及其破坏机制[J].长江科学院院报,2012,29(8):29–32.(FAN Lei,ZHOU Huoming,XIONG Shihu.Acoustic emission characteristics and failure mechanism of rock mass in field shear test[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2012,29(8):29–32.(in Chinese))
[21]周辉,孟凡震,卢景景,等.硬岩裂纹起裂强度和损伤强度取值方法探讨[J].岩土力学,2014,35(4):913–918.(ZHOU Hui,MENG Fanzhen,LU Jingjing,et al.Discussion on methods for calculating crack initiation stress and crack damage stress for hard rock[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(4):913–918.(in Chinese))
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心