义马矿区主要水害与防治对策
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摘要
为了厘清义马矿区的主要水害及其成因,从而制定针对性的防范措施,以避免水害事故发生,通过统计和分析水灾事故,研究了底板岩溶水、顶板砂(砾)岩水、浅部小矿积水和地表水等的充水途径、危害程度、演化规律、存在问题等。指出:随着采深增加和放顶煤回采工艺的应用,导致底板承受水压升高和采后导水裂隙发育高度向上延伸,分别造成顶、底板水害事故风险加大;浅部大范围小矿采空区及其积水不详、小浪底水库淹没新安煤田部分区域等对矿井构成水灾威胁;从而使得矿井水文地质条件向复杂方向转化。最后,提出了有针对性的防治水对策。
In order to clarify the main hazards and its causes in Yima Mining Area and formulate targeted countermeasures for avoiding water accidents,the water filling way,damage degree,evolution law,and problems of the floor karst water,the roof glutenite water,the surface water and the goaf water of the small mines in the shallow area were researched respectively through analyzing of the key past water accidents.With the increase of mining depth and the caving mining technology application,it results in higher water pressure on floor and the water flowing fracture height extension upwards,which respectively causes water disaster accidents for roof and floor.The water accumulation in goaf of a wide range of shallow mine is unknown; part of Xin'an coalfield flooded by Xiaolangdi Reservoir is threaten to mine to make the mine hydrogeological conditions to the complex.Finally,we proposed some countermeasures for the targeted prevention and control of water.
引文
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