油田注水诱发应力场演化及地层活动机制研究
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摘要
基于多孔介质理论建立注水诱发应力场变化定量评价的力学模型,利用有限元方法对耦合模型进行求解,分析注水过程中超孔隙压力与应力场演化规律,揭示注水诱发地层活动的力学机制。计算结果表明:注水形成的超孔隙压力控制局部应力场分布,一方面导致垂向、水平有效应力减小,Mohr应力圆左移,地层活动趋势增加;另一方面削弱注水层段水平地应力的作用效果,导致主应力差值减小、Mohr应力圆直径缩小,易于地层稳定。注水诱发地层活动与岩层渗透性能、吸水软化与构造应力环境等组合因素密切相关。
Water injection may affect the rock mechanical stability and trigger microseismic events. Focusing on this problem,a coupling analysis model of medium deformation and fluid seepage was established. Finite element method was used to solve the coupled governing equation. The numerical simulation results indicate that the water injection causes an overpressure which reduces the effectives stress,moves the Mohr circle towards the left,and brings the system closer to failure conditions. On the other hand,differential stress decreases with the increase of pore pressure,the diameter of Mohr circle may be reduced,which can partly compensate its instability. The effects on rock instability depend on the formation permeability,formation softening after absorbing water and initial stress tensor.
引文
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