龙滩水库地震精定位及活动特征研究
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摘要
本文利用结合了波形互相关技术的双差定位法对龙滩库区2006年至2007年发生的地震进行了精确定位,并对其活动特征进行了分析.通过定位结果的比较,证明利用波形互相关技术提取的地震对的P、S波走时差数据及双差精定位法显著地提高了定位的精度和质量.对龙滩库区地震活动特征的研究结果表明,龙滩库区的地震活动与水库蓄水过程密切相关,成丛分布的地震活动分别表现出对水库蓄水过程不同的响应过程和活动特征,反应了龙滩库区在岩性特征、渗透条件、地质构造及应力场等方面存在局部性差异.
In this paper,we relocated earthquakes occurred around Longtan reservoir from 2006 to 2007 by using hypoDD relocation method and waveform cross-correlation technique,analyzed its seismic activity.Relocation results by applying the waveform cross-correlation technique and hypoDD method demonstrates that the earthquake location quality are obviously enhanced. Analysis of the characteristics of seismicity around Longtan reservoir proved that there is a tight correlation between the seismic activity around Longtan reservoir and the process of reservoir recharge.Earthquakes clustered around Longtan reservoir region and performed different response corresponding to water level change respectively,indicating that there may exist local differences of lithological characteristic,penetrative condition,geological structure,as well as stress field condition around the Longtan reservoir.
In this paper,we relocated earthquakes occurred around Longtan reservoir from 2006 to 2007 by using hypoDD relocation method and waveform cross-correlation technique,analyzed its seismic activity.Relocation results by applying the waveform cross-correlation technique and hypoDD method demonstrates that the earthquake location quality are obviously enhanced. Analysis of the characteristics of seismicity around Longtan reservoir proved that there is a tight correlation between the seismic activity around Longtan reservoir and the process of reservoir recharge.Earthquakes clustered around Longtan reservoir region and performed different response corresponding to water level change respectively,indicating that there may exist local differences of lithological characteristic,penetrative condition,geological structure,as well as stress field condition around the Longtan reservoir.
引文
[1] Schaff D P,Richards P G.Lg-wave cross correlation and double-difference location:application to the 1999 Xiuyan,China,sequence.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,2004,94:867～879
[2] William M.Using waveform similarity to constrain earthquake locations.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1999,89:1143～1146
[3] 黄媛.结合波形互相关技术的双差算法在地震定位中的应用探讨.国际地震动态,2008,352:29～34Huang Y.Study on the application and development of the DD algorithm with cross correlation of waveform data in the earthquake location.Recent Developments in World Seismology (in Chinese).2008,352:29～34
[4] 郭培兰,姚宏,袁 媛.龙滩水库地震危险性分析.高原地震,2006,18(4) :17～23Guo P L,Yao H,Yuan Y.Analysis on potential seismic risk in Longtan reservoir.Plateau Earthquake Research (in Chinese),2006,18(4) :17～23
[5] 姚宏,杨松文,陈斌.Canopy宽带接人系统在龙滩水电工程数字遥测地震台网信道优化设计中的应用.地震地磁观测与研究,2007,28(6) :63～68Yao H,Yang S W,Chen B.The application of Canopy wireless broadband access for channel optimizes design in Longtan Digital Telemetry Seismograph Network.Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research (in Chinese),2007,28(6) :63～68
[6] 姚宏,陈鑫,黄树生等.龙滩水电工程数字遥测地震台网监测能力检验.地震地磁观测与研究,2008,29(4) :62～66Yao H,Chen X,Huang S S,et al.The inspection of monitoring capability of the digital telemetry seismograph network in Longtan Hydropower Project.Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research (in Chinese),2008,29 (4) :62～66
[7] 姚宏,孙学军,杨超英.龙滩水电工程数字遥测地震台网技术系统.华南地震,2008,28(4) :53～62Yao H,Sun X J,Yang C Y.Technical system of Longtan hydropower project digital telemetry seismic network.South China Journal of Seismology (in Chinese),2008,28 (4) :53～62
[8] Waldhauser F,Ellsworth W L.A double-difference earthquake location algorithm:method and application to the Northern Hayward Fault,California.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,2000,90(6) :1353～1368
[9] Waldhauser F,Ellsworth W L.Fault structure and mechanics of the Hayward Fault,California,from doubledifference earthquake locations.J.Geophys.Res.,2002,107 (3) :1～15
[10] Waldhauser F,Schaff D,Richards,et al.Lop Nor revisited:Nuclear explosion locations,1976～1996,from double difference analysis of regional and teleseismic data.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,2004,94:1879～1889
[11] Okada T,Hasegawa A,Suganomata J,et al.Aftershock distribution and 3D seismic velocity structure in and around the focal area of the 2004 mid Niigata prefecture earthquake obtained by applying double-difference tomography to dense temporary seismic network data.Earth Planet Space,2005,57:435～440
[12] 杨智娴,陈运泰,郑月军等.双差地震定位法在我国中西部地区地震精确定位中的应用.中国科学,2003,33(增刊):129～134Yang Z X,Chen Y T,Zheng Y J,et al.Double-difference relocation of earthquakes in central-western China.Science in China(Ser.D) (in Chinese),2003,33:129～134
[13] 杨智娴,陈运泰.用双差地震定位法再次精确测定1998年张北-尚义地震序列的震源参数.地震学报,2004,26(2) :115～120Yang Z X,Chen Y T.Relocation of the 1998 Zhangbei-Shangyi earthquake sequence using the double difference earthquake location algorithm.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),2004,26(2) :115～120
[14] 杨智娴,于湘伟,郑月军等.中国中西部地区地震的重新定位和三维地壳速度结构.地震学报,2004,26(1) :19～29Yang Z X,Yu X W,Zheng Y J,et al.Earthquake relocation and three-dimensional crustal structure of P-wave velocity in central-western China.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),2004,26(1) :19～29
[15] 黄嫒,杨建思,张天中.2003年新疆巴楚伽师地震序列的双差法重新定位研究.地球物理学报,2006,49(1) :162～169Huang Y,Yang J S,Zhang T Z.Relocation of the Bachu Jiashi,Xinjiang earthquake sequence in 2003 using the double-difference location algorithm.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(1) :162～169
[16] 李志海,赵翠萍,王海涛等.双差地震定位法在北天山地区地震精确定位中的初步应用.内陆地震,2004,18(2) :146～153Li Z H,Zhao C P,Wang H T,et al.The preliminary application of dual-difference earthquake location method in precise location for the North Tianshan Mountain.Inland Earthquake (in Chinese),2004,18(2) :146～153
[17] Du W X,Clifford H Thurber,Donna Eberhart-Phillips.Earthquake relocation using cross-correlation time delay estimates verified with the bispectrum method.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,2004,94:856～866
[18] Hauksson E,Shearer P.Southern California hypocenter relocation with waveform cross-correlation,Part 1:Results using the double-difference method.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,2005,95:896～903
[19] 赵翠萍.1997～2003年伽师震源区特征的地震学方法研究[博士学位论文].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2006Zhao C P.Seismological studies on the characteristics of Jiashi source region from 1997 to 2008[Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).Beijing:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,2006
[20] Poupinet G,Ellsworth W L,Frechet J.Monitoring velocity variations in the crust using earthquake doublets:An application to the Calaveras Fault California.J.Geophys.,Res.,1984,89(B7) :5719～5731
[21] 郑圻森,朱介寿,宣瑞卿等.华南地区地壳速度结构分析.沉积与特提斯地质,2003,23(4) :9～13Zheng Q S,ZhuJ S,Xuan R Q,et al.An approach to the crustal velocities in Southern China.Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology (in Chinese),2003,23(4) :9～13
[2] 丁原章.水库诱发地震.北京:地震出版社,1989Ding Y Z.Reservoir Induced Seismicity in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1989
[23] Simpson D W,leith W S,Scholz C H.Two types of reservoir-induced seismicity.J.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1998,78(6) :2025～2040
[24] Chen L Y,Pradeep Talwani,Zhenhua.Reservoir-induced seismicity in China.Pure and Applied Geophysics,1998,153:133～149
[25] 杨主恩,林传勇,高振寰等.东江水库诱发地震的地震地质背景研究.地震地质,1995,17(3) :241～252Yang Z E,Lin C Y,Gao Z H,et al.Studies on seismogeological background for Dongjiang Reservoir-induced earthquake.Seismology and Geology (in Chinese),1995,17 (3) :241～252
[26] Pradeep Talwani,Steve Acree.Pore press diffusion and the mechanism of reservoir-induced seismicity.Pure and Applied Geophysics,1984,122:947～965
[27] 李安然,张飞飞,张柯.从新丰江水库地震的环境条件讨论水诱发地震的研究及其预测.华南地震,1992,12(3) :88～94Li A R,Zhang F F,Zhang K.Discussion on the prediction of reservoir-induced earthquake from the environmental conditions of Xinfengjiang Reservoir earthquake.South China Journal of Seismology (in Chinese),1992,12(3) :88～94
[28] Evelyn A,Roeloffs.Fault stability Changes Induced beneath a Reservoir with Cyclic Variations in Water Level.Journal of Geophysical Research,1988,3(93) :2107～2124
[2] William M.Using waveform similarity to constrain earthquake locations.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1999,89:1143～1146
[3] 黄媛.结合波形互相关技术的双差算法在地震定位中的应用探讨.国际地震动态,2008,352:29～34Huang Y.Study on the application and development of the DD algorithm with cross correlation of waveform data in the earthquake location.Recent Developments in World Seismology (in Chinese).2008,352:29～34
[4] 郭培兰,姚宏,袁 媛.龙滩水库地震危险性分析.高原地震,2006,18(4) :17～23Guo P L,Yao H,Yuan Y.Analysis on potential seismic risk in Longtan reservoir.Plateau Earthquake Research (in Chinese),2006,18(4) :17～23
[5] 姚宏,杨松文,陈斌.Canopy宽带接人系统在龙滩水电工程数字遥测地震台网信道优化设计中的应用.地震地磁观测与研究,2007,28(6) :63～68Yao H,Yang S W,Chen B.The application of Canopy wireless broadband access for channel optimizes design in Longtan Digital Telemetry Seismograph Network.Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research (in Chinese),2007,28(6) :63～68
[6] 姚宏,陈鑫,黄树生等.龙滩水电工程数字遥测地震台网监测能力检验.地震地磁观测与研究,2008,29(4) :62～66Yao H,Chen X,Huang S S,et al.The inspection of monitoring capability of the digital telemetry seismograph network in Longtan Hydropower Project.Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research (in Chinese),2008,29 (4) :62～66
[7] 姚宏,孙学军,杨超英.龙滩水电工程数字遥测地震台网技术系统.华南地震,2008,28(4) :53～62Yao H,Sun X J,Yang C Y.Technical system of Longtan hydropower project digital telemetry seismic network.South China Journal of Seismology (in Chinese),2008,28 (4) :53～62
[8] Waldhauser F,Ellsworth W L.A double-difference earthquake location algorithm:method and application to the Northern Hayward Fault,California.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,2000,90(6) :1353～1368
[9] Waldhauser F,Ellsworth W L.Fault structure and mechanics of the Hayward Fault,California,from doubledifference earthquake locations.J.Geophys.Res.,2002,107 (3) :1～15
[10] Waldhauser F,Schaff D,Richards,et al.Lop Nor revisited:Nuclear explosion locations,1976～1996,from double difference analysis of regional and teleseismic data.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,2004,94:1879～1889
[11] Okada T,Hasegawa A,Suganomata J,et al.Aftershock distribution and 3D seismic velocity structure in and around the focal area of the 2004 mid Niigata prefecture earthquake obtained by applying double-difference tomography to dense temporary seismic network data.Earth Planet Space,2005,57:435～440
[12] 杨智娴,陈运泰,郑月军等.双差地震定位法在我国中西部地区地震精确定位中的应用.中国科学,2003,33(增刊):129～134Yang Z X,Chen Y T,Zheng Y J,et al.Double-difference relocation of earthquakes in central-western China.Science in China(Ser.D) (in Chinese),2003,33:129～134
[13] 杨智娴,陈运泰.用双差地震定位法再次精确测定1998年张北-尚义地震序列的震源参数.地震学报,2004,26(2) :115～120Yang Z X,Chen Y T.Relocation of the 1998 Zhangbei-Shangyi earthquake sequence using the double difference earthquake location algorithm.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),2004,26(2) :115～120
[14] 杨智娴,于湘伟,郑月军等.中国中西部地区地震的重新定位和三维地壳速度结构.地震学报,2004,26(1) :19～29Yang Z X,Yu X W,Zheng Y J,et al.Earthquake relocation and three-dimensional crustal structure of P-wave velocity in central-western China.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),2004,26(1) :19～29
[15] 黄嫒,杨建思,张天中.2003年新疆巴楚伽师地震序列的双差法重新定位研究.地球物理学报,2006,49(1) :162～169Huang Y,Yang J S,Zhang T Z.Relocation of the Bachu Jiashi,Xinjiang earthquake sequence in 2003 using the double-difference location algorithm.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(1) :162～169
[16] 李志海,赵翠萍,王海涛等.双差地震定位法在北天山地区地震精确定位中的初步应用.内陆地震,2004,18(2) :146～153Li Z H,Zhao C P,Wang H T,et al.The preliminary application of dual-difference earthquake location method in precise location for the North Tianshan Mountain.Inland Earthquake (in Chinese),2004,18(2) :146～153
[17] Du W X,Clifford H Thurber,Donna Eberhart-Phillips.Earthquake relocation using cross-correlation time delay estimates verified with the bispectrum method.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,2004,94:856～866
[18] Hauksson E,Shearer P.Southern California hypocenter relocation with waveform cross-correlation,Part 1:Results using the double-difference method.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,2005,95:896～903
[19] 赵翠萍.1997～2003年伽师震源区特征的地震学方法研究[博士学位论文].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2006Zhao C P.Seismological studies on the characteristics of Jiashi source region from 1997 to 2008[Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).Beijing:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,2006
[20] Poupinet G,Ellsworth W L,Frechet J.Monitoring velocity variations in the crust using earthquake doublets:An application to the Calaveras Fault California.J.Geophys.,Res.,1984,89(B7) :5719～5731
[21] 郑圻森,朱介寿,宣瑞卿等.华南地区地壳速度结构分析.沉积与特提斯地质,2003,23(4) :9～13Zheng Q S,ZhuJ S,Xuan R Q,et al.An approach to the crustal velocities in Southern China.Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology (in Chinese),2003,23(4) :9～13
[2] 丁原章.水库诱发地震.北京:地震出版社,1989Ding Y Z.Reservoir Induced Seismicity in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1989
[23] Simpson D W,leith W S,Scholz C H.Two types of reservoir-induced seismicity.J.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1998,78(6) :2025～2040
[24] Chen L Y,Pradeep Talwani,Zhenhua.Reservoir-induced seismicity in China.Pure and Applied Geophysics,1998,153:133～149
[25] 杨主恩,林传勇,高振寰等.东江水库诱发地震的地震地质背景研究.地震地质,1995,17(3) :241～252Yang Z E,Lin C Y,Gao Z H,et al.Studies on seismogeological background for Dongjiang Reservoir-induced earthquake.Seismology and Geology (in Chinese),1995,17 (3) :241～252
[26] Pradeep Talwani,Steve Acree.Pore press diffusion and the mechanism of reservoir-induced seismicity.Pure and Applied Geophysics,1984,122:947～965
[27] 李安然,张飞飞,张柯.从新丰江水库地震的环境条件讨论水诱发地震的研究及其预测.华南地震,1992,12(3) :88～94Li A R,Zhang F F,Zhang K.Discussion on the prediction of reservoir-induced earthquake from the environmental conditions of Xinfengjiang Reservoir earthquake.South China Journal of Seismology (in Chinese),1992,12(3) :88～94
[28] Evelyn A,Roeloffs.Fault stability Changes Induced beneath a Reservoir with Cyclic Variations in Water Level.Journal of Geophysical Research,1988,3(93) :2107～2124
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