黑龙江省氢气释放与地震及断块构造关系的探讨
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摘要
通过对2009年安达M4.5级地震成功的预报,进一步认识到将H2浓度的异常变化与断层背景研究结合,并配合区域其他异常的检测可以作为地震预报的一种手段。结合不同深度的地球物理资料,讨论了黑龙江省的断块构造、中新生代断裂以及深部软流圈上涌的构造背景。将近年来地震分布、局部收集的土壤气体浓度资料与断层相结合,展示它们的内在联系。同时还引入GPS水平矢量显示中蒙东部构造区块现今向东的伸展蠕散运动的研究成果,用此解释研究区断裂活动的特征,并且指出这有别于中国西部地区地震活动的特征。
Successful prediction of a M 4.5 earthquake in 2009 in Anda suggested that abnormal variation of H2 concentration combined with geological background and other anomalies may become a means of earthquake forecast.In this work,we studied the block-structured basement,the MesozoicCenozoic faults,and the deep upwelling asthenosphere as the structural background of earthquakes in Heilongjiang Province,using geophysical data of different depths.The relationship of the fault distribution with the earthquake distribution for recent years has been analyzed,soil gas-concentration data were collected in part areas and certain inherent correlation with faults was identified.Features of the seismic activities in the concerned area different from those in the western China are also related to the features of the fault activities here that can be interpreted by the fact that the eastern ChineseMongolian region is creeping eastwards as shown by the GPS vector field.
Successful prediction of a M 4.5 earthquake in 2009 in Anda suggested that abnormal variation of H2 concentration combined with geological background and other anomalies may become a means of earthquake forecast.In this work,we studied the block-structured basement,the MesozoicCenozoic faults,and the deep upwelling asthenosphere as the structural background of earthquakes in Heilongjiang Province,using geophysical data of different depths.The relationship of the fault distribution with the earthquake distribution for recent years has been analyzed,soil gas-concentration data were collected in part areas and certain inherent correlation with faults was identified.Features of the seismic activities in the concerned area different from those in the western China are also related to the features of the fault activities here that can be interpreted by the fact that the eastern ChineseMongolian region is creeping eastwards as shown by the GPS vector field.
引文
①部分地块资料引自黑龙江省地质矿产局和全俄地质研究所合作编制的《黑龙江流域及邻区地质图》(1∶250万)
[1]Shangguan Z G.Dianxi fault gas andits relation to fault[J].Earthquake Research in China,1989,5(2):51-56(in Chi-nese).
[2]Gao W X,Qiu C Y,Li G R,et al.The preli minary study onhydrogeochemistry feature of hot-springin Honghe fault zoneandits relation with seismology[M]∥Institute of GeologyState Seismological Bureau.Research on Recent CrustalMovement(5).Beijing:Seismological Press,1992:77-86(inChinese)
[3]Chen H.Hydrogen isotope fraction in the evolution of theEarth[J].Scientia Geologica Sinica,1996,31(3):238-247(in Chinese).
[4]Zhang P R,Wang J H,Sun F M.Hydrogen:Asensitive ele-ment to predictable earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,1993,1:69-77(in Chinese).
[5]Huang X,Niu Y L.The Outgassing Function of the Earth:Geodynamics,Fluids of the Earth,Oil and Gas[M].Shang-hai:Shanghai Far East Publishers,2008:12-15,29-30(inChinese).
[6]Shao J A,Zhang W L.The evolving rift belt:Wudalianchivolcanic rock belt[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2008,15(6):241-250(in Chinese).
[7]Huo Q L,Fu L,Wang X.Origin and distribution of carbondioxide(CO2)and helium(He)in the northern part ofSongliao Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Develop-ment in Daqing,2004,23(4):1-4(in Chinese).
[8]Turhan D,Toshiya M,Fumiaki T,et al.Soil H2and CO2surveys at several active faultsin Japan[J].Pure and AppliedGeophysics,2007,164(12):2449-2463.
[9]Zhou X C,Wang C Y,Chai Z Z,et al.The geochemicalcharacteristics of soil gas in the southeastern part of Haiyuanfault[J].Seismology and Geology,2010(in press)(in Chi-nese).
[10]Li Ying,Du J G,Wang F K,et al.Geochemical characteris-tics of soil gas in Yanqing-Huailai Basin,North China[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2009,31(1):82-91(in Chinese).
[11]Kameda J,Saruwatari K,Tanaka H.H2generation in wetgrinding of granite and single-crystal powders and i mplica-tions for H concentration on active faults[J].GeophysicalResearch Letters,2003,30(20):20-63.
[12]Wakita H,Nakamura Y,Kita I,et al.Hydrogen release:Newindicator of fault activity[J].Science,1980,210:188-190.
[13]Shao J A,Tang K D.Terranes in Northeast China and Evo-lution of Northeast Asia Continental Margin[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1995:23-53(in Chinese).
[14]Zhao C J,Peng YJ,Dang Z X,et al.Tectonic Frameworkand Crust Evolution of Eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang Prov-inces[M].Shenyang:Liaoning University Press,1996:140-142(in Chinese).
[15]Zhao WF.Continental rift valley systemand seismic activi-ties in Northeast China[J].Seismology and Geology,1981,3(2):23-29(in Chinese).
[16]Ma Z J,Zhang P Z,Ren J W,et al.Newcognitions on theglobal and Chinese continental crustal movements from GPShorizontal vector fields[J].Advancesin Earth Science,2003,18(1):4-11(in Chinese).
[17]Niu Z J,Wang M,Sun H R,et al.Contemporary velocityfield of crustal movement of Chinese mainlandfromglobal po-sitioning system measurements[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2005,50(9):939-941.
[18]Shao J A,Zhang WL,Zhou X H,et al.Discovery of basicand ultrabasic perpotassic volcanic rock[J].Acta PetrologicaSinica,2009,25(10):2642-2650(in Chinese).
[1]上官志冠.滇西地区断层气体成因研究[J].中国地震,1989,5(2):51-56.
[2]高文学,邱纯一,李桂茹,等.红河断裂带温泉水文地球化学特征及其与地震关系的初步研究[M]∥国家地震局地质研究所.现代地壳运动研究(5).北京:地震出版社,1992:77-86.
[3]陈辉.氢在地球演化中的同位素分馏[J].地质科学,1996,31(3):238-247.
[4]张培仁,王基华,孙凤民.氢-预报地震的灵敏元素[J].地震地质,1993,1:69-77.
[5]黄学,牛彦良.地球排气作用:地球动力学、地球流体、石油与天然气[M].上海:远东出版社,2008:12-15,29-30.
[6]邵济安,张文兰.演化中的裂谷带:五大连池火山岩带[J].地学前缘,2008,15(6):241-250.
[7]霍秋立,付丽,王雪.松辽盆地北部CO2及He气成因与分布[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(4):1-4.
[9]周晓成,王传远,柴炽章,等.海原断裂带东南段土壤气体地球化学特征研究[J].地震地质,2010(待刊).
[10]李营,杜建国,王富宽,等.延怀盆地土壤气体地球化学特征[J].地震学报,2009,32(1):82-91.
[13]邵济安,唐克东.中国东北地体与东北大陆边缘演化[M].北京:地震出版社,1995:23-53.
[14]赵春荆,彭玉鲸,党增欣,等.吉黑东部构造格架及地质演化[M].沈阳:辽宁大学出版社,1996:140-142.
[15]赵文峰.东北大陆裂谷的形成与地震活动[J].地震地质,1981,3(2):23-29.
[16]马宗晋,张培震,任金卫,等.从CPS水平矢量场对中国及全球地壳运动的新认识[J].地球科学进展,2003,18(1):4-11.
[17]牛之俊,王敏,孙汉荣,等.中国大陆现今地壳运动速度场的最新观测结果[J].科学通报,2005,50(8):839-840.
[18]邵济安,张文兰,周新华,等.黑龙江西北部小古里河过钾质基性、超基性火山岩的发现[J].岩石学报,2009,25(10):2642-2650.
[1]Shangguan Z G.Dianxi fault gas andits relation to fault[J].Earthquake Research in China,1989,5(2):51-56(in Chi-nese).
[2]Gao W X,Qiu C Y,Li G R,et al.The preli minary study onhydrogeochemistry feature of hot-springin Honghe fault zoneandits relation with seismology[M]∥Institute of GeologyState Seismological Bureau.Research on Recent CrustalMovement(5).Beijing:Seismological Press,1992:77-86(inChinese)
[3]Chen H.Hydrogen isotope fraction in the evolution of theEarth[J].Scientia Geologica Sinica,1996,31(3):238-247(in Chinese).
[4]Zhang P R,Wang J H,Sun F M.Hydrogen:Asensitive ele-ment to predictable earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,1993,1:69-77(in Chinese).
[5]Huang X,Niu Y L.The Outgassing Function of the Earth:Geodynamics,Fluids of the Earth,Oil and Gas[M].Shang-hai:Shanghai Far East Publishers,2008:12-15,29-30(inChinese).
[6]Shao J A,Zhang W L.The evolving rift belt:Wudalianchivolcanic rock belt[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2008,15(6):241-250(in Chinese).
[7]Huo Q L,Fu L,Wang X.Origin and distribution of carbondioxide(CO2)and helium(He)in the northern part ofSongliao Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Develop-ment in Daqing,2004,23(4):1-4(in Chinese).
[8]Turhan D,Toshiya M,Fumiaki T,et al.Soil H2and CO2surveys at several active faultsin Japan[J].Pure and AppliedGeophysics,2007,164(12):2449-2463.
[9]Zhou X C,Wang C Y,Chai Z Z,et al.The geochemicalcharacteristics of soil gas in the southeastern part of Haiyuanfault[J].Seismology and Geology,2010(in press)(in Chi-nese).
[10]Li Ying,Du J G,Wang F K,et al.Geochemical characteris-tics of soil gas in Yanqing-Huailai Basin,North China[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2009,31(1):82-91(in Chinese).
[11]Kameda J,Saruwatari K,Tanaka H.H2generation in wetgrinding of granite and single-crystal powders and i mplica-tions for H concentration on active faults[J].GeophysicalResearch Letters,2003,30(20):20-63.
[12]Wakita H,Nakamura Y,Kita I,et al.Hydrogen release:Newindicator of fault activity[J].Science,1980,210:188-190.
[13]Shao J A,Tang K D.Terranes in Northeast China and Evo-lution of Northeast Asia Continental Margin[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1995:23-53(in Chinese).
[14]Zhao C J,Peng YJ,Dang Z X,et al.Tectonic Frameworkand Crust Evolution of Eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang Prov-inces[M].Shenyang:Liaoning University Press,1996:140-142(in Chinese).
[15]Zhao WF.Continental rift valley systemand seismic activi-ties in Northeast China[J].Seismology and Geology,1981,3(2):23-29(in Chinese).
[16]Ma Z J,Zhang P Z,Ren J W,et al.Newcognitions on theglobal and Chinese continental crustal movements from GPShorizontal vector fields[J].Advancesin Earth Science,2003,18(1):4-11(in Chinese).
[17]Niu Z J,Wang M,Sun H R,et al.Contemporary velocityfield of crustal movement of Chinese mainlandfromglobal po-sitioning system measurements[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2005,50(9):939-941.
[18]Shao J A,Zhang WL,Zhou X H,et al.Discovery of basicand ultrabasic perpotassic volcanic rock[J].Acta PetrologicaSinica,2009,25(10):2642-2650(in Chinese).
[1]上官志冠.滇西地区断层气体成因研究[J].中国地震,1989,5(2):51-56.
[2]高文学,邱纯一,李桂茹,等.红河断裂带温泉水文地球化学特征及其与地震关系的初步研究[M]∥国家地震局地质研究所.现代地壳运动研究(5).北京:地震出版社,1992:77-86.
[3]陈辉.氢在地球演化中的同位素分馏[J].地质科学,1996,31(3):238-247.
[4]张培仁,王基华,孙凤民.氢-预报地震的灵敏元素[J].地震地质,1993,1:69-77.
[5]黄学,牛彦良.地球排气作用:地球动力学、地球流体、石油与天然气[M].上海:远东出版社,2008:12-15,29-30.
[6]邵济安,张文兰.演化中的裂谷带:五大连池火山岩带[J].地学前缘,2008,15(6):241-250.
[7]霍秋立,付丽,王雪.松辽盆地北部CO2及He气成因与分布[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(4):1-4.
[9]周晓成,王传远,柴炽章,等.海原断裂带东南段土壤气体地球化学特征研究[J].地震地质,2010(待刊).
[10]李营,杜建国,王富宽,等.延怀盆地土壤气体地球化学特征[J].地震学报,2009,32(1):82-91.
[13]邵济安,唐克东.中国东北地体与东北大陆边缘演化[M].北京:地震出版社,1995:23-53.
[14]赵春荆,彭玉鲸,党增欣,等.吉黑东部构造格架及地质演化[M].沈阳:辽宁大学出版社,1996:140-142.
[15]赵文峰.东北大陆裂谷的形成与地震活动[J].地震地质,1981,3(2):23-29.
[16]马宗晋,张培震,任金卫,等.从CPS水平矢量场对中国及全球地壳运动的新认识[J].地球科学进展,2003,18(1):4-11.
[17]牛之俊,王敏,孙汉荣,等.中国大陆现今地壳运动速度场的最新观测结果[J].科学通报,2005,50(8):839-840.
[18]邵济安,张文兰,周新华,等.黑龙江西北部小古里河过钾质基性、超基性火山岩的发现[J].岩石学报,2009,25(10):2642-2650.
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