冷成型钢框架房屋的抗震性能
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摘要
近年来,对轻型钢框架房屋在地震作用下的反应进行了很多重要的研究。几乎所有的研究都是将这些结构特征化,然后进行试验和理论分析来研究其在地震下的反应以及墙板的性能。通常情况下,墙板的整体性能是主要的研究目标。然而,根据试验现象来看,墙板的整体性能是由连接件的性能控制的。这些连接件包括板和板之间的连接件以及墙板和钢框架之间的连接件。另外,三维房屋结构的整体性能受非结构构件影响很大,这在当前的设计方法中是没有考虑的。本文回顾了近年来PolitehnicaUniversityofTimisoara由作者主持的研究成果,该成果以衡量轻型钢框架房屋的性能及特征为目标,致力于这种结构的具体特征的设计。本文还介绍了剪力墙板的足尺单调及循环加载试验,连接节点的试验以及对正在建造中的房屋的现场环境振动试验。
In recent years important research activity has been undertaken in order to evaluate the earthquake performance of light gauge steel framed house structures. Almost all studies approach the problem of seismic response of these structures and the performance of wall panels by characterizing, experimentally and numerically. Usually, the overall behaviour of wall panels is mainly addressed. However, according to experimental evidences, the performance of the wall panels, as a whole, is governed by the performance of the connectors e.g.: sheetingtosheeting connectors, and sheeting to framing connectors. On the other hand the global behaviour of the 3D structure of the house is significantly influenced by nonstructural elements, traditionally not considered in the design procedures. Present paper summarizes the research activity carried out last years at the Politehnica University of Timisoara, under the coordination of the author, on the aim to evaluate the performance and to characterise for design purpose the specific features of these structures. Monotonic and cyclic tests on full scale shear panels, test on connection details and insitu ambiental vibration tests on a house under construction are reviewed in the following paper.
In recent years important research activity has been undertaken in order to evaluate the earthquake performance of light gauge steel framed house structures. Almost all studies approach the problem of seismic response of these structures and the performance of wall panels by characterizing, experimentally and numerically. Usually, the overall behaviour of wall panels is mainly addressed. However, according to experimental evidences, the performance of the wall panels, as a whole, is governed by the performance of the connectors e.g.: sheetingtosheeting connectors, and sheeting to framing connectors. On the other hand the global behaviour of the 3D structure of the house is significantly influenced by nonstructural elements, traditionally not considered in the design procedures. Present paper summarizes the research activity carried out last years at the Politehnica University of Timisoara, under the coordination of the author, on the aim to evaluate the performance and to characterise for design purpose the specific features of these structures. Monotonic and cyclic tests on full scale shear panels, test on connection details and insitu ambiental vibration tests on a house under construction are reviewed in the following paper.
引文
[1] Pekoz T,Building Design Using Cold Formed Sections,Pub-lication of the Swedish Institute of Steel Construction no.154,1995.
[2] AISI,Shear Wall Design Guide,Publication RG-9804,The American Iron and Steel Institute,1998.
[3] Serette RL,Ogunfunmi K,“Shear Resistance of Gypsum-Sheeted Light-gauge Steel Stud Walls”,Journal of StructuralEngineering,ASCE,122:4,1996.
[4] Serrette RL,Hall G,Nygen J,Shear Wall Values for Light Weight Steel Framing,AISI,1996.
[5] Salenikovich AJ,Dolan JD,Easterling,WS Racking“Per-formance of Long Steel-Frame Shear Walls”,In:Proceedings of the15th International Speciality Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures,St.Louis,Missouri,Oct.19-20,471-480,2000.
[6] Serrette RL,“Seismic Design of Light Gauge Steel Struc-tures:Adiscussion”,Fourteenth Int.Speciality Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures,St.Louis,Missouri,Oct.15-16,1998.
[7] Kawai Y,Kanno R,Uno N,Sakumoto Y,Seismic resistance and design of steel framed houses,Nippon Steel Technical re-port,No.79,1999.
[8] Gad EF,Chandler AM,Duffield CF,Hutchinson G,“Earth-quake Ductility and Overstrengthin Residential Structures”,Structural Engineering and Mechanics,8:4,361-382,1999.
[9] Gad EF,Duffield CF,“Lateral Behaviour of Light Framed Walls in Residential structures”,12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,New-Zeeland,February2000.
[10] De Matteis G,“The Effect of Claddingin Steel Buildings un-der Seismic Actions”,PhD Thesis,Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II,1998.
[11] Landolfo Rl,et al.:“Theoretical and experi mental study on the seismic performance of Lightweight cold-formed steel low-rise residential building”.Reseach Report PRIN2001In-novative steel structures for seismic protection of buildings,University“FedericoⅡ”Naples,2004.
[12] Landolfo R.,et al.:“Seismic Behaviour of Sheathed Cold-Formed Structures:Physical Tests”.Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,Vol.132/no.4,570-581,2006.
[13] Serrette R.,et al.:“Cold-Formed Steel Frame Shear Walls Utilising Structural Adhesives”.Journal of Structural Engi-neering,ASCE,Vol.132/no.4,591-599,2006.
[14] L.A.F櫣l p,D.Dubina.(2004),“Performance of wall-stud cold-formed shear panels under monotonic and cyclic loading Part I:Experi mental research”,Thin-Walled Structures,Volume42,Issue2,February2004.
[15] L.A.F櫣l p,D.Dubina.(2004),“Performance of wall-stud cold-formed shear panels under monotonic and cyclic loading Part II:Numerical modelling and performance analysis”,Thin-Walled Structures,Volume42,Issue2,February2004.
[16] Fulop L.A.,Dubina D,:“Design Criteria for Seam and Sheeting-to-Framing Connections of Cold-Formed Steel Shear Panels”,Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,Vol.132/no.4,582-590,2006.
[17] Dubina D.,et al.:“Seismic performance of cold-formedsteel framed houses”5-thInternational Conference on Steel Struc-tures on Seismic Areas STESSA2006,Yokohama,Japan14-16august2006(in print).
[18] ECCS,Recommended Testing Procedure for Assessing the Behaviour of Structural Steel Elements under Cyclic Loads,1985.
[19] Kawai Y,Kanno R,Hanya K,Cyclic Shear Resistance of Light-Gauge Steel Framed Walls,ASCE Structures Con-gress,Poland,1997.
[20] FEMA-273.“NEHRP Guidelines for the Seismic Rehabili-tation of Buildings”,Prepared by the Building Seismic Safety Council for the Federal Emergency Management Agency,Washington,D.C.,1997.performance of wall2.
[21] ECCS P88,European Recommendations for the Application of Metal Sheeting acting as a Diaphragm,Publication88,Eu-ropean Convention for Constructional Steelwork,Brussels,1995.
[22] AISI,Shear Wall Design Guide,Publication RG-9804,The American Iron and Steel Institute,1998.
[23] Philip L,“Perforated Shear Wall Design”,Wood Design Fo-cus Vol.12,Nr.2,2002.
[24] Ekwueme G,Hart GC,“Non-linear Analysis of Light-Framed Wood Buildings”,Proceedings of the12th World Conference in Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,New-Zea-land,February2000.
[25] Della Corte G,De Matteis G,Landolfo R,“Influence of Connection Modeling onthe Seismic Response of Moment Re-sisting Steel Frames”,In F.M.Mazzolani(ed.)Moment Resistant Connections of Steel Framesin Seismic Areas,E&FNSpoon,2000.
[26] Prakash V,Powell GH,Drain-3DX Base program descrip-tion and user guide,Version1.10,Department of Civil Engi-neering,University of California at Berkley,1994.
[27] ENV-Eurocode8,Design provisions for earthquake resist-ance of structures,1998.
[28] Vamvatsikos D,Cornell CA,“Incremental dynamic analy-sis”,Earthquake Engineering and structural Dynamics,2002;31(3):491-514,2002.
[29] ECCS(1983),P21-European Recommendation for Steel Construction:The Designand Testing of Connectionsin Steel Sheeting and Sections,ECCS,1983.
[30] Eurocode3Part1.3.(2001),Supplementary rules for cold formed thin gauge members and sheeting,20July2001.
[31] ECCS(1995),P88-European Recommendationsfor the Ap-plication of Metal Sheeting acting as a Diaphragm,European Conventionfor Constructional Steelwork,Brussels,1995.
[32] L.Fan,J.Ronda,S.Cescotto.(1997),“Finite element modelling of singlelapscrewconnectionsinsteel sheeting un-der static shear”,Thin Walled Structures1997;27(2):165-85.
[33] Aldea,A.,Demetriu,S.,Vacareanu,R.,Oprea,R.,2005.“Ambient vibration measurements and analysis for a cold-formed steel framed house”,Contract Report,Technical University of Civil Engineering,Bucharest,22p+Annexes154p.
[34] Demetriu,S.,2004.“Modal parameter identification of in-strumented buildings fromearthquake records”.Earthquake Loss Esti mation and Risk Reduction,Proceedings of the In-ternational Conference,Oct.24-26,2002,Bucharest,Edi-tors Lungu,D.,Wenzel,F.,Mouroux,P.,Tojo,I.,Vol-ume2,p.113-130.
[35] EN1998-1Eurocode8:Design of structures for earthquake resistance Part1:General rules,seismic actions andrules for buildings,CEN-Brussels,Belgium,2004.
[2] AISI,Shear Wall Design Guide,Publication RG-9804,The American Iron and Steel Institute,1998.
[3] Serette RL,Ogunfunmi K,“Shear Resistance of Gypsum-Sheeted Light-gauge Steel Stud Walls”,Journal of StructuralEngineering,ASCE,122:4,1996.
[4] Serrette RL,Hall G,Nygen J,Shear Wall Values for Light Weight Steel Framing,AISI,1996.
[5] Salenikovich AJ,Dolan JD,Easterling,WS Racking“Per-formance of Long Steel-Frame Shear Walls”,In:Proceedings of the15th International Speciality Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures,St.Louis,Missouri,Oct.19-20,471-480,2000.
[6] Serrette RL,“Seismic Design of Light Gauge Steel Struc-tures:Adiscussion”,Fourteenth Int.Speciality Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures,St.Louis,Missouri,Oct.15-16,1998.
[7] Kawai Y,Kanno R,Uno N,Sakumoto Y,Seismic resistance and design of steel framed houses,Nippon Steel Technical re-port,No.79,1999.
[8] Gad EF,Chandler AM,Duffield CF,Hutchinson G,“Earth-quake Ductility and Overstrengthin Residential Structures”,Structural Engineering and Mechanics,8:4,361-382,1999.
[9] Gad EF,Duffield CF,“Lateral Behaviour of Light Framed Walls in Residential structures”,12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,New-Zeeland,February2000.
[10] De Matteis G,“The Effect of Claddingin Steel Buildings un-der Seismic Actions”,PhD Thesis,Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II,1998.
[11] Landolfo Rl,et al.:“Theoretical and experi mental study on the seismic performance of Lightweight cold-formed steel low-rise residential building”.Reseach Report PRIN2001In-novative steel structures for seismic protection of buildings,University“FedericoⅡ”Naples,2004.
[12] Landolfo R.,et al.:“Seismic Behaviour of Sheathed Cold-Formed Structures:Physical Tests”.Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,Vol.132/no.4,570-581,2006.
[13] Serrette R.,et al.:“Cold-Formed Steel Frame Shear Walls Utilising Structural Adhesives”.Journal of Structural Engi-neering,ASCE,Vol.132/no.4,591-599,2006.
[14] L.A.F櫣l p,D.Dubina.(2004),“Performance of wall-stud cold-formed shear panels under monotonic and cyclic loading Part I:Experi mental research”,Thin-Walled Structures,Volume42,Issue2,February2004.
[15] L.A.F櫣l p,D.Dubina.(2004),“Performance of wall-stud cold-formed shear panels under monotonic and cyclic loading Part II:Numerical modelling and performance analysis”,Thin-Walled Structures,Volume42,Issue2,February2004.
[16] Fulop L.A.,Dubina D,:“Design Criteria for Seam and Sheeting-to-Framing Connections of Cold-Formed Steel Shear Panels”,Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,Vol.132/no.4,582-590,2006.
[17] Dubina D.,et al.:“Seismic performance of cold-formedsteel framed houses”5-thInternational Conference on Steel Struc-tures on Seismic Areas STESSA2006,Yokohama,Japan14-16august2006(in print).
[18] ECCS,Recommended Testing Procedure for Assessing the Behaviour of Structural Steel Elements under Cyclic Loads,1985.
[19] Kawai Y,Kanno R,Hanya K,Cyclic Shear Resistance of Light-Gauge Steel Framed Walls,ASCE Structures Con-gress,Poland,1997.
[20] FEMA-273.“NEHRP Guidelines for the Seismic Rehabili-tation of Buildings”,Prepared by the Building Seismic Safety Council for the Federal Emergency Management Agency,Washington,D.C.,1997.performance of wall2.
[21] ECCS P88,European Recommendations for the Application of Metal Sheeting acting as a Diaphragm,Publication88,Eu-ropean Convention for Constructional Steelwork,Brussels,1995.
[22] AISI,Shear Wall Design Guide,Publication RG-9804,The American Iron and Steel Institute,1998.
[23] Philip L,“Perforated Shear Wall Design”,Wood Design Fo-cus Vol.12,Nr.2,2002.
[24] Ekwueme G,Hart GC,“Non-linear Analysis of Light-Framed Wood Buildings”,Proceedings of the12th World Conference in Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,New-Zea-land,February2000.
[25] Della Corte G,De Matteis G,Landolfo R,“Influence of Connection Modeling onthe Seismic Response of Moment Re-sisting Steel Frames”,In F.M.Mazzolani(ed.)Moment Resistant Connections of Steel Framesin Seismic Areas,E&FNSpoon,2000.
[26] Prakash V,Powell GH,Drain-3DX Base program descrip-tion and user guide,Version1.10,Department of Civil Engi-neering,University of California at Berkley,1994.
[27] ENV-Eurocode8,Design provisions for earthquake resist-ance of structures,1998.
[28] Vamvatsikos D,Cornell CA,“Incremental dynamic analy-sis”,Earthquake Engineering and structural Dynamics,2002;31(3):491-514,2002.
[29] ECCS(1983),P21-European Recommendation for Steel Construction:The Designand Testing of Connectionsin Steel Sheeting and Sections,ECCS,1983.
[30] Eurocode3Part1.3.(2001),Supplementary rules for cold formed thin gauge members and sheeting,20July2001.
[31] ECCS(1995),P88-European Recommendationsfor the Ap-plication of Metal Sheeting acting as a Diaphragm,European Conventionfor Constructional Steelwork,Brussels,1995.
[32] L.Fan,J.Ronda,S.Cescotto.(1997),“Finite element modelling of singlelapscrewconnectionsinsteel sheeting un-der static shear”,Thin Walled Structures1997;27(2):165-85.
[33] Aldea,A.,Demetriu,S.,Vacareanu,R.,Oprea,R.,2005.“Ambient vibration measurements and analysis for a cold-formed steel framed house”,Contract Report,Technical University of Civil Engineering,Bucharest,22p+Annexes154p.
[34] Demetriu,S.,2004.“Modal parameter identification of in-strumented buildings fromearthquake records”.Earthquake Loss Esti mation and Risk Reduction,Proceedings of the In-ternational Conference,Oct.24-26,2002,Bucharest,Edi-tors Lungu,D.,Wenzel,F.,Mouroux,P.,Tojo,I.,Vol-ume2,p.113-130.
[35] EN1998-1Eurocode8:Design of structures for earthquake resistance Part1:General rules,seismic actions andrules for buildings,CEN-Brussels,Belgium,2004.
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