高拱坝梁向配筋抗震措施效果研究
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摘要
该文应用塑性-损伤耦合模型和钢筋刚化方法,分别模拟混凝土损伤开裂和钢筋-混凝土相互作用效应,然后基于仿真计算分析梁向配筋前后高拱坝的地震非线性响应,研究该抗震措施的加固效果。仿真分析显示,梁向配筋措施可以降低强震下拱坝横缝张开位移与顶拱相对变形,减小坝体中上部开裂区域的裂缝张开位移,限制沿坝厚方向的裂缝扩展范围,有助于提高拱坝的抗震安全性能。然而,建议配筋方案的加固效果仍不能满足工程要求,特别是坝踵区域开裂严重,直接威胁拱坝整体安全,而梁向偏配筋措施对限制坝踵开裂的效果不显著;同时,上游配筋范围未能完全覆盖开裂区域,应对建议配筋方案进行改进和优化。
To investigate the strengthening effect of cantilever reinforcement,a plastic-damage model of concrete and the steel-stiffening approach for modeling steel-concrete interaction are used to analyze the seismic response of high arch dam with and without the presence of reinforcement.The calculated results show that this measure reduces the nonlinear response of an arch dam,e.g.joint opening and the relative deformation of dam crest,and limits the extension and opening width of cracks.It is concluded that cantilever reinforcement is beneficial to improving the earthquake-resistant capacity of the arch dam.The results also show that the strengthening effect of the proposed reinforcement is insufficient for the engineering demand.Therefore,cantilever reinforcement should be modified and optimized for the arch dam.
To investigate the strengthening effect of cantilever reinforcement,a plastic-damage model of concrete and the steel-stiffening approach for modeling steel-concrete interaction are used to analyze the seismic response of high arch dam with and without the presence of reinforcement.The calculated results show that this measure reduces the nonlinear response of an arch dam,e.g.joint opening and the relative deformation of dam crest,and limits the extension and opening width of cracks.It is concluded that cantilever reinforcement is beneficial to improving the earthquake-resistant capacity of the arch dam.The results also show that the strengthening effect of the proposed reinforcement is insufficient for the engineering demand.Therefore,cantilever reinforcement should be modified and optimized for the arch dam.
引文
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[3]钟红,林皋,李建波,胡志强.高拱坝地震损伤破坏的数值模拟[J].水利学报,2008,39(7):848―853.Zhong Hong,Lin Gao,Li Jianbo,Hu Zhiqiang.Numerical simulation of damage in high arch dam due to earthquake[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2008,39(7):848―853.(in Chinese)
[4]Lotfi V,Espandar R.Seismic analysis of concrete arch dams by combined discrete crack and non-orthogonal smeared crack technique[J].Engineering Structures,2004,26(1):27―37.
[5]Bazant Z P.Comment on orthotropic models for concrete and geomaterials[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,ASCE,1983,109:849―865.
[6]Pan Jianwen,Zhang Chuhan,Wang Jinting,Xu Yanjie.Seismic damage-cracking analysis of arch dams using different earthquake input mechanisms[J].Science in China,Series E:Technological Sciences,2009,52(2):518―529.
[7]潘坚文,龙渝川,张楚汉.高拱坝强震开裂与配筋效果研究[J].水利学报,2007,38(8):926―932.Pan Jianwen,Long Yuchuan,Zhang Chuhan.Seismic cracking of arch dams and effectiveness of strengthening by reinforcement[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2007,38(8):926―932.(in Chinese)
[8]Long Yuchuan,Zhang Chuhan,Jin Feng.Numerical simulation of reinforcement strengthening for high-arch dams to resist strong earthquakes[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2008,37(15):1739―1761.
[9]Lee J,Fenves G L.Plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete structures[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,ASCE,1998,124:892―900.
[10]ACI committee 224.Cracking of concrete members in direct tension[R].Farmington Hills,Michigan:American Concrete Institute.Report No.ACI224.2R-92.1992:1―12.
[11]龙渝川,张楚汉,周元德.基于弥散与分离裂缝模型的混凝土开裂比较研究[J].工程力学,2008,25(3):80―84.Long Yuchuan,Zhang Chuhan,Zhou Yuande.A comparative study for concrete fracture analysis using smeared-and discrete-crack model[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(3):80―84.(in Chinese)
[2]Karaton M,Calayir Y,Bayraktar A.Seismic analysis of arch dams including dam-reservoir interaction via a continuum damage model[J].Structural Engineering and Mechanics,2006,22(3):351―370.
[3]钟红,林皋,李建波,胡志强.高拱坝地震损伤破坏的数值模拟[J].水利学报,2008,39(7):848―853.Zhong Hong,Lin Gao,Li Jianbo,Hu Zhiqiang.Numerical simulation of damage in high arch dam due to earthquake[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2008,39(7):848―853.(in Chinese)
[4]Lotfi V,Espandar R.Seismic analysis of concrete arch dams by combined discrete crack and non-orthogonal smeared crack technique[J].Engineering Structures,2004,26(1):27―37.
[5]Bazant Z P.Comment on orthotropic models for concrete and geomaterials[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,ASCE,1983,109:849―865.
[6]Pan Jianwen,Zhang Chuhan,Wang Jinting,Xu Yanjie.Seismic damage-cracking analysis of arch dams using different earthquake input mechanisms[J].Science in China,Series E:Technological Sciences,2009,52(2):518―529.
[7]潘坚文,龙渝川,张楚汉.高拱坝强震开裂与配筋效果研究[J].水利学报,2007,38(8):926―932.Pan Jianwen,Long Yuchuan,Zhang Chuhan.Seismic cracking of arch dams and effectiveness of strengthening by reinforcement[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2007,38(8):926―932.(in Chinese)
[8]Long Yuchuan,Zhang Chuhan,Jin Feng.Numerical simulation of reinforcement strengthening for high-arch dams to resist strong earthquakes[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2008,37(15):1739―1761.
[9]Lee J,Fenves G L.Plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete structures[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,ASCE,1998,124:892―900.
[10]ACI committee 224.Cracking of concrete members in direct tension[R].Farmington Hills,Michigan:American Concrete Institute.Report No.ACI224.2R-92.1992:1―12.
[11]龙渝川,张楚汉,周元德.基于弥散与分离裂缝模型的混凝土开裂比较研究[J].工程力学,2008,25(3):80―84.Long Yuchuan,Zhang Chuhan,Zhou Yuande.A comparative study for concrete fracture analysis using smeared-and discrete-crack model[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(3):80―84.(in Chinese)
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