采用万向支架陀螺仪的高耸结构减振控制研究
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摘要
鉴于高耸结构的特殊形式和内部有限空间,传统的减振装置的安装和使用受到限制。万向支架陀螺仪的转子具有两个转动自由度,高速旋转时可产生具有抵抗水平正交两向位移的力矩,从而能约束或降低结构在外部动力作用下的变形。因此,提出在高耸结构上安装万向支架陀螺仪实现对结构水平及扭转振动控制的方法。阐述万向支架陀螺阻尼器的运动机理,建立安有陀螺阻尼器的结构多维减振体系控制运动方程。以一装有多个陀螺阻尼器的电视塔为算例,对结构在脉动风荷载和地震作用下的减振性能进行研究。结果表明,具有合理参数的万向支架陀螺阻尼器能有效降低结构在水平两向及扭转方向的振动。
The installation and application of traditional vibration reduction dampers are inconvenient for high-rise structures due to their special shapes and limited interior spaces.The rotor of a gimbal gyroscope has two rotating degrees of freedom,and the gyroscope produceds moments to resist two orthogonal displacements when its rotor rotates with high speed.Hence,the structural deformation of a high-rise building installed with a gimbal grroscope under external loads can be reduced.Here,a method for installing some gimbal gyroscopes on a high-rise structure to reduce its structural horizontal and torsional vibrations was presented.The movement mechanism of a gimbal gyroscope damper was formulated,and the dynamic equation for a multi-dimensional control system with gyroscope dampers was established.A steel TV tower with gyroscope dampers was analyzed to study its vibration control performance under fluctuating wind loadings and earthquake action.The results showed that the dynamic responses of a high-rise structure can be reduced effectively using ginbal gyroscope dampers with appropriate parameters.
The installation and application of traditional vibration reduction dampers are inconvenient for high-rise structures due to their special shapes and limited interior spaces.The rotor of a gimbal gyroscope has two rotating degrees of freedom,and the gyroscope produceds moments to resist two orthogonal displacements when its rotor rotates with high speed.Hence,the structural deformation of a high-rise building installed with a gimbal grroscope under external loads can be reduced.Here,a method for installing some gimbal gyroscopes on a high-rise structure to reduce its structural horizontal and torsional vibrations was presented.The movement mechanism of a gimbal gyroscope damper was formulated,and the dynamic equation for a multi-dimensional control system with gyroscope dampers was established.A steel TV tower with gyroscope dampers was analyzed to study its vibration control performance under fluctuating wind loadings and earthquake action.The results showed that the dynamic responses of a high-rise structure can be reduced effectively using ginbal gyroscope dampers with appropriate parameters.
引文
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[2]李春祥,汪英俊,钟秋云.复杂形体超高钢结构电视塔抗震性能分析研究[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(10):61-72.LI Chun-xiang,WANG Ying-jun,ZHONG Qiu-yun.Earthquake resistant behaviors of a complex shape super high-rise steel TV tower[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(10):61-72.
[3]周锡元,闫维明,杨润林.建筑结构的隔震、减振和振动控制[J].建筑结构学报,2002,23(2):2-12.ZHOU Xi-yuan,YAN Wei-ming,YANG Ren-lin.Seismicbase isolation,energy dissipation and vibration control ofbuilding structures[J].Journal of Building Structures,2002,23(2):2-12.
[4]吕明云,瞿伟廉.非线性被动动力减振器对高耸结构风振控制的实用设计方法[J].振动与冲击,2004,23(1):27-33.LMing-yun,QU Wei-lian.Practical method of designingnonlinear passive dynamic absorbers for wind-inducedvibration control of highrise structure based on Chinese code[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2004,23(1):27-33.
[5]滕军,申崇胜,鲁志雄.高柔结构风振AMD控制模糊神经网络预测算法研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2010,32(1):7-12.TENG Jun,SHEN Chong-sheng,LU Zhi-xiong.AMD controlof wind response of flexible-high building using fuzzy neuralnetwork forecast algorithm[J].Earthquake ResistantEngineering and Retrofitting,2010,32(1):7-12.
[6]Balendra T,Wang C M,Yan N.Control of wind-excitedtowers by active tuned liquid column damper[J].Engineering Structures,2001,23(4):1054-1067.
[7]Hitchcock P A,Glanville M J,Kwok K C S,et al.Damping properties and wind-induced response of a steel frame tower fitted with liquid column vibration absorbers[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics.1999,83(1):183-196.
[8]王正浩,刘大任.塔式结构在随机风荷载激励下的抗振研究[J].沈阳建筑大学学报,2005,21(5):460-463.WANG Zheng-hao,LIU Da-ren.The vibration-proof research under the wind load of random in the high-rise structure in tower[J].Journal of Shenyang Architectural and Civil Engineering Institute,2005,21(5):460-463.
[9]郭素云.陀螺仪原理及应用[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1985.
[10]刘延柱.陀螺力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[11]Passos Morgado A H.On the determination of inertial and gyroscopic forces in multibody systems[J].International Applied Mechanics,1999,35(12):1293-1300.
[12]ACAR C.Rohust micromacTzined vihratory gyroscope[D].Irvine University of California,2004.
[13]李宏男.结构多维抗震理论[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
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