三维多分量资料处理关键技术进展
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摘要
与纵波地震资料相比,由于多分量资料的矢量特征、各向异性和转换波传播路径非对称性,因此需要一套特殊的资料处理技术,解决多波地震资料处理中的难题,同时发挥矢量波场的优势,从而改善三分量地震资料处理的质量.利用多分量的矢量特征、偏振特征以及面波特征,压制随机和相干噪声,进行纵波和横波的波场合成与分离.针对转换波非对称传播路径问题,提出转换波共反射面元计算、建立近地表浅层横波速度模型的解决方案,从而解决转换波共反射面元和转换波静校正问题.各向异性对转换波的影响比纵波更加明显,因此如何从多波资料中反演各向异性参数,消除各向异性参数对成像质量的影响至关重要.在这个处理环节中,建立了4参数各向异性反演方法,实现转换波各向异性动校正和各向异性叠前时间偏移处理.同时在国内最早提出和实现了转换波弯曲射线各向异性叠前时间偏移技术,改善偏移能量的聚焦性,降低成像剖面低频化现象.
Compared with P-wave seismic data,the multi-component seismic data is of vector characteristics,anisotropy and the asymmetry of PS-wave path.Therefore,it is necessary to develop the special techniques for multi-component seismic data processing.The techniques should play the advantage of vector wave field and eventually improve the quality of multi-component data processing.The vector,polarization and surface wave characteristics of multiple components are used for suppressing random and coherent noise in the synthesis and the decomposition of wave fields.According to the asymmetric propagation path of PS-wave,the calculation of common converted points(CCP) bin and the velocity model of near-surface S-wave are put forward to solve the problems of CCP bin and PS-wave static correction.In accordance with the anisotropy of multi-component seismic data,a four-parameter anisotropic inversion method is presented for realizing PS-wave anisotropic NMO correction and anisotropy prestack time migration.The presented curved-ray anisotropic prestack time migration technology for PS-wave improves the energy focus and low-frequency phenomenon on migrated imaging.
Compared with P-wave seismic data,the multi-component seismic data is of vector characteristics,anisotropy and the asymmetry of PS-wave path.Therefore,it is necessary to develop the special techniques for multi-component seismic data processing.The techniques should play the advantage of vector wave field and eventually improve the quality of multi-component data processing.The vector,polarization and surface wave characteristics of multiple components are used for suppressing random and coherent noise in the synthesis and the decomposition of wave fields.According to the asymmetric propagation path of PS-wave,the calculation of common converted points(CCP) bin and the velocity model of near-surface S-wave are put forward to solve the problems of CCP bin and PS-wave static correction.In accordance with the anisotropy of multi-component seismic data,a four-parameter anisotropic inversion method is presented for realizing PS-wave anisotropic NMO correction and anisotropy prestack time migration.The presented curved-ray anisotropic prestack time migration technology for PS-wave improves the energy focus and low-frequency phenomenon on migrated imaging.
引文
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[13]黄中玉,曲寿利,王于静,等.层状各向异性介质转换波克希霍夫叠前时间偏移[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(12):3109-3115.HUANG Zhong-yu,QU Shou-li,WANG Yu-jing,et al.Kirchhoff prestack time migration of PS-wave data for thelayered anisotropic medium[J].Chinese Journal of Geo-physics,2009,52(12):3109-3115.
[2]王维佳,徐亦鸣,何晓冬.纵波与转换波联合勘探[J].石油物探,1983,23(1):84-94.WANG Wei-jia,XU Yi-ming,HE Xiao-dong.The com-bined exploration with compressional wave and convertedwave[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1983,23(1):84-94.
[3]黄中玉,谢康年.PSV波叠前反射点水平偏移[J].石油物探,1986,25(2):34-40.HUANG Zhong-yu,XIE Kang-nian.Horizontal migrationof reflection spots of PSV-Wave before stack[J].Geo-physical Prospecting for Petroleum,1986,25(2):34-40.
[4]Tariq A,Ilya T.Velocity analysis for transversely isotropicmedia[J].Geophysics,1995,60(5):1550-1566.
[5]LI Yang-xiang.Converted-wave moveout analysis revisi-ted:the search for a standard approach[C].ExpandedAbstracts of the 73th Annual Internat Mtg,2003:805-808.
[6]Dai C H.Anisotropy migration and model building for 4Cseismic data:a case study from ALBA[C].Expanded Ab-stracts of the 71st Annual Internat Mtg,2001:795-798.
[7]张永刚,王赟,王妙月.目前多分量地震勘探中的几个关键问题[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(1):151-155.ZHANG Yong-gang,WANG Yun,WANG Miao-yue.Somekey problems in the Multi-component seismic exploration[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2004,47(1):151-155.
[8]黄中玉,谢大进.三分量数据的偏振分析及其应用[J].石油物探,1996,35(2):9-16.HUANG Zhong-yu,XIE Da-jin.The analysis of polariza-tion in three component seismic data and its application[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1996,35(2):9-16.
[9]LU Jun,WANG Yun,YANG Chun-ying.Instantaneouspolarization filtering focused on suppression of surfacewaves[J].Applied Geophysics,2010,7(1):88-97.
[10]Carlos M C,Jim S.Constrained surface wave inversionfrom 9-component seismic reflection data[C].ExpandedAbstracts of the 78th Annual Internat Mtg,2008:1063-1067.
[11]刘洋,魏修成.转换型折射波传播规律及其在转换波静校正中的应用研究[J].中国科学:D辑:地球科学,2008,138(s1):204-210.
[12]HUANG Zhong-yu,XU Yi-ming,YU Bo,et al.PS-wavestatics with near-surface S-wave velocity models[C].Ex-panded Abstracts of Presented at the 80th Annual InternatMtg,2010:1682-1686.
[13]黄中玉,曲寿利,王于静,等.层状各向异性介质转换波克希霍夫叠前时间偏移[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(12):3109-3115.HUANG Zhong-yu,QU Shou-li,WANG Yu-jing,et al.Kirchhoff prestack time migration of PS-wave data for thelayered anisotropic medium[J].Chinese Journal of Geo-physics,2009,52(12):3109-3115.
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